微波辐射柴油脱酸精制

介绍了一种新的柴油脱酸精制方法——微波辐射法。考察了精制过程中的最佳实验条件。在V(Diesel)=0．25、反应体系压力0．05MPa、恒压辐射时间5mm、微波辐射功率375W、静置时间25min的条件下，可将柴油的酸度由90．7mgKOH／100m1降至3．99mgKOH／100ml，达到国家标准GB252-93的优质柴油质量要求(酸度小于5mgKOH／100m1)。该精制过程对柴油性能无影响，回收率达到99．7％；同时副产环烷酸，其粗酸值为182．5mgKOH/g。中性油含量为34．2％。该精制过程省时、耗电量小，预期对环境友好。     

微波作用下直馏柴油脱酸新方法的研究

用微波辐射的方法对锦西炼油厂生产的直馏柴油进行了脱酸精制试验,并考察了精制过程中的最佳试验条件。当剂油体积比为0．25：1、压力为0．04MPa、恒压辐射时间为5min、微波功率为375W、静置时问为20min时,可将柴油的酸度由89．5mgKOH／100ml降至3．78mgKOH／100ml,达到国家规定优质柴油质量标准(小于5mgKOH／100ml),且精制过程对柴油性能无影响,回收率达到99．6％。该精制过程节约时间、耗电量小,有利于环境保护。     

直馏柴油碱洗-吸附分离脱酸技术的实验研究

针对直馏柴油碱洗电精制脱酸工艺存在的不足,研发了一种新的直馏柴油碱洗-吸附分离脱酸技术。采用自制的实验装置,在评选出的最佳柴油脱酸操作条件下(氢氧化钠与环烷酸的摩尔比为1.05,碱液中氢氧化钠质量分数为15%,温度为60℃,空速为3.0 h~(-1),洗水用量为0.5%),对酸度为101.8 mg/(100 mL)的直馏柴油进行了连续脱酸处理,精制柴油酸度小于7 mg/(100 mL),回收环烷酸粗酸值为192.71 mg/g,可满足一级品85号酸的质量标准[SH/T0530—92(1998)]。结果表明:与传统的柴油碱洗电精制脱酸工艺比较,该工艺碱液中氢氧化钠质量分数提高了7.5～15.0倍,完全消除乳化,洗水回用率57.5%,碱渣排放量减少86.7%～93.3%,具有一定的工业应用前景。     

直馏柴油微量碱法脱酸技术研究

采用微量碱(氢氧化钠)等摩尔反应法和研制的TS-1萃取剂对直馏柴油进行精制试验,考察了该技术的最佳操作条件和TS-1萃取剂的再生条件。结果表明,碱的最佳用量为理论用量的1.05倍,在最佳操作条件下,该技术对酸度为10-300 mgKOK／100mL的直馏柴油有良好的脱酸效果。精制过程完全消除了乳化,无废碱液产生,萃取剂可以再生循环使用,精制柴油酸度可降至5 mgKOH／100mL,完全满足产品指标要求。     

减二线馏分油微波辐射脱酸新方法的研究

以NaOH与去离子水为复合溶剂用微波辐射法对江苏减二线馏分油进行了脱酸精制研究。得到的最佳精制条件为 :V(复合溶剂 )∶V(油 ) =0 .2 2∶1、压力 0 .0 9MPa、恒压辐射时间 4min、微波功率 375W、静置时间 2 5min。馏分油的酸值 (KOH)由 0 .5 7mg/ g降至 0 .0 4 81mg/ g ,馏分油回收率为 99.3%。     

三氧化二铁/黏土铁系吸附剂对生物柴油的脱酸研究

采用三氧化二铁(Fe2O3)/黏土铁系吸附剂对生物柴油进行吸附脱酸,考察了吸附时间、吸附温度、吸附剂用量等吸附工艺条件对脱酸效果的影响,并研究了该吸附剂的饱和吸附量和再生性能。结果表明:最佳吸附剂用量为8.69%,吸附温度为54.91℃,吸附时间为2.7 h,在此优化条件下,脱酸率为86.78%;在最佳吸附温度和吸附剂用量下,Fe2O3/黏土吸附脱酸的饱和吸附量为18.5 g/g;以月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO-3)作脱附剂,吸附脱酸后的Fe2O3/黏土经第1次再生后,脱酸率仅为45.71%,经第2次再生后,无脱酸能力。     

微波辐射下无溶剂合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

在微波辐射下,以对甲苯磺酸(PTSA)为催化剂,不用溶剂,合成了环己酮乙二醇缩酮.采用正交试验法探讨了原料环己酮与乙二醇的摩尔比、催化剂用量、微波功率和辐射时间对产品收率的影响.结果表明,合成该缩酮的最佳工艺条件为:环己酮与乙二醇摩尔比1:1.6,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的1.0%, 微波功率300 W,辐射时间3 min.在此条件下,缩酮收率可达78.7%,表明对甲苯磺酸是一种合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮的优良催化剂.     

微波辐射润滑油脱酸精制方法的研究

提出一种新的润滑油脱酸精制方法——微波辐射法。考察了精制过程中的最佳实验条件为：在复合溶剂中剂A量为环烷酸用量的1．35—1．4倍、剂油体积比0．18—0．23：1、压力0．15MPa、恒压辐射时间3—5min、微波功率375W、静置时间25min时，可将润滑油的酸值由0．6mgKOH/g降至0．0288 mgKOH／g，达到Q/SHROO1-95规定的润滑油质量标准(小于0．05mgKOH／g)，且润滑油回收率达到99.5％。该精制过程节省时间、耗电量小、不产生“三废”，有利于环境保护。     

微波协同NKC-9大孔树脂催化合成肉桂酸苄酯

研究了微波辐射大孔树脂催化合成肉桂酸苄酯的合成工艺。最佳工艺条件是肉桂酸1 g,n(肉桂酸):n (苯甲醇)=1:22,NKC-9树脂用量为反应物质量的15%,微波功率400 W,反应时间13 min,转化率达64.4%。     

采用碱性白土脱除直馏柴油环烷酸的工艺研究

采用湿法将氢氧化钙负载于活性白土上制备了碱性白土,再使用碱性白土脱除直馏柴油中环烷酸.考察了脱酸温度、脱酸时间、碱性白土用量及柴油酸度对脱酸效果的影响,并采用二次逆流脱酸工艺.结果表明,当柴油酸度为34 mgKOH/100 mL时,在60℃下,碱性白土用量为每升柴油8.3 g,脱酸60 min,柴油酸度可降至2.03 ...     

Study on Separating Naphthenic Acids from Diesel Fuel by Microwave Irradiation

The microwave technology was introduced to separate naphthenic acids from diesel fuel. The decrease of zeta-potential of electric double layer on the W/O interface and the reduction of diesel fuel viscosity were responsible for the accelerated separation of naphthenic acids under microwave irradiation. The influences of dosage of alkali compound solvent (Mp / MT), irradiation pressure, irradiation time, irradiation power, the settling time and oil phase-to-solvent phase volume ratio (O/S) had been investigated. The optimum process conditions for the refining process were determined. The removal of naphthenic acids reached 98.4% when the optimum conditions were proposed as follows: Mp/MT=1 .5,0.05MPa, 6 min, 375W, 25min and O/S=10, respectively. The diesel recovery could reach 99.3% and the quality of the treated diesel oil was good enough to meet the specification of GB252-2000.     

Coking Diesel by FS Non-hydrotreating Process

Abstract

The coking diesel oil was refined by Fu Shun (a shop sign of refining reagent) chemical refining reagent and FS0l (a shop sign of complexing-trapped reagent), which were developed by us. The results show that when the mass ratio of reagent to oil is 1:350, the existent gum removed rate was 42%, the oxidized total insolubles was from 8.7 reduced to 2.3 mg/100 mL, the content of mercaptan sulfur was from 97.5 to 0 μg.g^?1, and the yield of refined diesel was 99.65%. The storage stabilities of refined coking diesels were improved greatly and were still lower than 2.5 mg/100 mL after three months in storage. After the refined coking diesel was blended with straight-run diesel and fluid catalytic cracking diesel oil in proportion as 2:2:1, the chromaticity was decreased and all quality indexes met the national quality standards of #10 light diesel oil. After being stored for three months, the storage stability of blended diesel still met the criteria of the GB252-2000. This refining process is simple and low in investment and operation costs, a good approach for refineries without hydrogenation capacity to refine coking diesel oil.     

破乳-酸化法处理直馏柴油精制废碱液

采用破乳 -酸化法对直馏柴油精制废碱液进行处理 ,筛选出最佳的破乳条件和酸化终点。实验结果表明 ,采用破乳剂或热力破乳 -酸化法预处理直馏柴油精制废碱液是一种有效的预处理方法。经该方法处理后的废碱液化学需氧量 (COD)下降率可达 93 4 %,除油率为 87%,副产物硫酸钠能得到最大限度地回收利用。同时 ,该方法设备简单 ,处理费用低廉 ,易于实现工业化。     

Non-Hydro Refining of Coker Diesel Oil

Abstract

Coker diesel oil is refined by extraction of furfural adding assistant in this study. The influences of different operating conditions, such as the amount of assistant, the solvent/oil ratio, the refining temperature, the refining time, and the settlement time, on the quality of refined oil were investigated in batch experiments, and suitable operating conditions under which coker diesel oil refined can meet product qualify specifications of 0# diesel oil were given out. These had been verified in continuous experiments, i.e., the amount of additive was 8 g/kg, the refining temperature was 70°C, the solvent/oil ratio (v) was 1.0, the settlement time was 30 min, and refining time was 30 min. The experimental results show that the influence of basic nitride on the stability of coker diesel oil is predominant.     

FCC柴油溶剂—低压加氢组合精制工艺研究

考察了FH－8催化剂对酸性溶剂精制后的FCC柴油低压加氢精制的影响。结果表明,采用溶剂－低压加氢组合精制工艺对重油催化柴油进行精制,不但可以使0^#轻柴油质量达到国标优级品指标要求,而且还可使加氢压力降至2．5MPa,体积空速升至3．0h^-1。     

Application of Microwave Technology for Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel

The microwave technology was introduced for the desulfurization of diesel fuel. The atmospheric second side-cut diesel fraction, which was supplied by Liaohe Petrochemical Company, was desulfurized by an oxidation process under microwave irradiation. Hydrogen peroxide (H202), can oxidize the sulfur compounds in diesel fuel selectively and convert them into sulfones. Based on the rule of dissolution by similar substances,these sulfones are removed from diesel fuel because they could be dissolved in solvent phase. So the sulfur content of diesel fuel is decreased. The influence of the concentration of oxidizing reagent, solvent phase to oil phase volume ratio (S/O), irradiation pressure, irradiation time, and the irradiation power have been investigated.The optimum conditions for the refining process was determined. The sulfur removal rate was 59.7% under the optimum conditions of 8%H2O2, S/O=0.25, 0.05MPa, 6 min, and 375W, respectively. When no microwave irradiation was applied, the removal rate was 11.5% only.     

Microwave Demulsification in Removing Naphthenic Acids from Diesel Oil

Emulsification is an undesired phenomenon in the refining of highly acidic oil by alkali-washing electro-refining. In this article, a novel microwave method is applied for demulsification in the removing of naphthenic acid from diesel oil. The internal heating is attributed to molecular rotation and ionic conduction. The decrease of interface zeta-potential and the viscosity of diesel oil are responsible for the demulsification with microwave irradiation. The results exhibited that the demulsification rate is maximized when the optimum microwave irradiation power, exposure time, and irradiation pressure for Anshan and Liaohe diesel oil are deemed to be 375 W, 5/6 min and 0.05 MPa, respectively.     

焦化柴油溶剂精制研究

本研究以现有润滑油糠醛精制装置抽提塔底抽出液为溶剂对石油二厂焦化柴油进行了抽提小试和中试研究。本文主要介绍了润滑油糠醛精制抽出液加助剂对焦化柴油进行精制的小试研究，采用单因素实验方法考察精制温度、助剂加入量、剂油比等操作条件对精制效果的影响，确定出使焦化柴油安定性指标符合一级品要求的适宜精制条件，即精制温度为70℃、助剂加入量为5克/千克油、剂油体积比为1.0、精制时间为30分、沉降时间为30分。实验结果表明该方法是可行的，即采用润滑油、柴油糠醛精制联合工艺可以同时满足润滑油和焦化柴油的精制要求。该技术不但绕开了加氢精制，而且可以大大地节省设备投资及操作费用，有很好的工业化前景。     

Microwave Demulsification in Removing Naphthenic Acids from Diesel Oil

Abstract

Emulsification is an undesired phenomenon in the refining of highly acidic oil by alkali-washing electro-refining. In this article, a novel microwave method is applied for demulsification in the removing of naphthenic acid from diesel oil. The internal heating is attributed to molecular rotation and ionic conduction. The decrease of interface zeta-potential and the viscosity of diesel oil are responsible for the demulsification with microwave irradiation. The results exhibited that the demulsification rate is maximized when the optimum microwave irradiation power, exposure time, and irradiation pressure for Anshan and Liaohe diesel oil are deemed to be 375 W, 5/6 min and 0.05 MPa, respectively.