砂轮磨损自动检测补偿三维曲面数控磨削系统研制

本文主要研制开发了数控磨削控制系统、砂轮测量仪及磨头．利用上述控制系统及磨削设备，解决了三维曲面磨削以及磨削过程中砂轮磨损自动检测和补偿；保证了三维曲面磨削的质量．     

基于砂轮磨损参数的立铣刀后刀面磨削轨迹补偿算法

整体立铣刀后刀面通常采用数控工具磨床按照理想砂轮形状的运动轨迹进行磨削加工,然而在实际磨削过程中,砂轮参与磨削的区域(主要是砂轮边缘轮廓)会逐渐磨损,从而导致后刀面几何精度下降甚至轮廓错误.针对该问题,本文提出了基于砂轮磨损参数的整体立铣刀后刀面磨削轨迹补偿算法.首先,针对立铣刀后刀面磨削工艺,定义了磨削坐标系,推导了...     

基于在线检测技术的砂轮磨损补偿方法研究

在硬质零件数控磨削加工中,砂轮磨损的补偿技术是常见的难点技术之一。本文研究了一种利用在线检测技术对砂轮磨损进行补偿的方法。     

杯形砂轮磨削高硬度球面砂轮磨损的研究

采用分块杯形砂轮磨削高硬度球面,磨削过程中砂轮磨损不仅影响砂轮磨削性能,而且造成工件和砂轮实际接触面积不断产生变化,影响磨削力和磨削质量。为此,基于展成法磨削原理研究砂轮块磨损后的形状变化,分析了分块砂轮的磨损形式,揭示了进给过程中砂轮块磨损形状的变化规律,推导了砂轮磨损量和砂轮工件接触面积的计算公式,分析了砂轮磨损速度的变化趋势及其影响因素,试验最后研究了砂轮磨损量的变化规律,并验证了砂轮磨损量的计算模型。     

砂轮线速度对CBN砂轮磨损影响的磨削试验研究

通过用陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮对45淬硬钢工件进行磨削试验，深入分析了砂轮线速度对砂轮磨损的影响，获得能够进行高速高效磨削的合理砂轮线速度。     

砂轮磨损状态的声发射检测及其误差补偿方法的研究

砂轮磨损会破坏砂轮型面,对加工精度有重要影响。利用声发射方法检测砂轮的磨损状态以及修整过程,并提出了实现砂轮磨损误差在线补偿的方法。     

砂轮线速度对CBN砂轮磨损影响的磨削试验研究

通过用陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮对45淬硬钢工件进行磨削试验,深入分析了砂轮线速度对砂轮磨损的影响,获得能够进行高速高效磨削的合理砂轮线速度。     

小口径非球面斜轴磨削的砂轮磨损及补偿研究

通过对比常用的圆盘砂轮的直交轴磨削方式,提出了小口径非球面斜轴磨削方法,探讨了斜轴磨削小口径非球面时砂轮的磨损测试方式与磨损量的变化规律,研究了砂轮半径误差对工件形状精度的影响。最后利用多轴超精密磨床对口径为6mm的非球面碳化钨模具进行磨削实验,砂轮半径磨损补偿磨削后,模具形状精度由PV 1929nm变为PV 359nm。     

利用成形砂轮在数控工具磨床上磨削复杂曲面

以数控工具磨床加工模具冲头为例,将砂轮修整成一定形状的成形砂轮,采用数控两轴直线插补的方法进行加工,通过大量的试验和生产实践证明,方法可行,精度易保证,生产效率高,有效解决了此类零件以前难以磨削的问题。     

螺旋曲面数控成型磨削与砂轮修整控制研究

提出了一种螺旋曲面磨削加工和砂轮修整控制与协调问题的新方法，解决了砂轮修整时砂轮廓形数据的更新、砂轮半径的补偿等问题。     

A study on wear mechanism and wear reduction strategies in grinding wheels used for ELID grinding

Metal-bonded superabrasive diamond grinding wheels have superior qualities such as high bond strength, high stability and high grindability. The major problems encountered are wheel loading and glazing, which impedes the effectiveness of the grinding wheel. Electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) is an effective method to dress the grinding wheel during grinding. The wear mechanism of metal-bonded grinding wheels dressed using ELID is different form the conventional grinding methods because the bond strength of the wheel-working surface is reduced by electrolysis. The reduction of bond strength reduces the grit-depth-of-cut and hence the surface finish is improved. The oxide layer formed on the surface of the grinding wheel experiences macrofracture at the end of wheel life while machining hard and brittle workpieces. When the wheel wear is dominated by macrofracture, the wheel-working surface is free from loaded chips and worn diamond grits. When the oxide layer is removed from the wheel surface, the electrical conductivity of the grinding wheel increases, and that stimulates electrolytic dressing. The conditions applied to the pulse current influence the amount of layer oxidizing from the grinding wheel surface. Longer pulse ‘on’ time increases the wheel wear. Shorter pulse ‘on’ time can be selected for a courser grit size wheel since that type of wheel needs high grinding efficiency. Equal pulse ‘on’ and ‘off’ time is desired for finer grit size wheels to obtain stable and ultraprecision surface finish.     

研磨中心上曲面自动磨抛的实验研究

硬质材料曲面工件的磨抛是超精加工中迫切需求的技术。目前自由曲面的磨抛仍采用手工完成,费时且效率低。磨抛需要高效率地去除曲面残留峰改善工件的粗糙度,同时还要保持曲面的形状精度。在类似加工中心(MC)的磨削中心(GC)上,采用参数表达的自动磨抛方式,对自由曲面进行了磨抛加工。结果表明,参数表达的自动磨抛可取用相同的刀具中心轨迹,仅仅去处残留峰的高度,而不改变曲面的形状精度,曲面工件的磨抛效果良好。     

数控磨齿机加工准双曲面齿轮

分析现阶段我国准双曲面齿轮的磨齿工艺存在的问题,提出在PHOENIX系列数控磨齿机上对准双曲面齿轮进行磨齿的工艺参数计算方法.加工试验表明,采用该种方法计算的参数,适合我国汽车驱动桥准双曲面齿轮的磨齿加工,并能保证高质量、大批量的生产要求.     

Measuring wear of the grinding wheel using machine vision

This paper proposes a new method for measuring grinding wheel contours using machine vision. The vision-aided measuring system comprises a CCD coupled with a telecentric lens, back lighting board and frame grabber. Measuring the image of the specimen with a grinded gap substitute directly captures the image of the actual grinding wheel. Using this method makes the 3 D of the topography of the grinding wheel into the 2 D of the contour of the grinding wheel. This method significantly simplifies grinding wheel wear measuring procedures compared with the traditional methods. Therefore, the presented paper provides a new method to improve efficiency and cost on measuring wear of the grinding wheel. The results show that this developed system achieves a repeatable accuracy of ±3 μm for the measurement of the grinding wheel contours.This paper has not been published elsewhere nor has it been submitted for publication elsewhere.     

Image processing of grinding wheel surface

Identifying the situation of grinding wheel wear and loading is a very important issue for high efficiency grinding operations. This paper presents a new method that detects and identifies the chip loading and cutting edge wear of a grinding wheel using the image processing toolbox of MATLAB. The different optical characters of the metal chips and the abrasive grains are analysed. The Sobel operator is adopted to make edge detection. A sensitivity threshold based on the global condition is used to decrease the noise. Image dilation and erosion processes are used to ensure the edge of each loaded chip is covered by a continuous section. The ratios of chips are calculated and displayed to monitor the wheel surface working status.     

数控凸轮磨床磨削力的模糊适应控制研究

以数控凸轮磨床的磨削过程为研究对象,建立了凸轮磨削过程的磨削力数学模型,研究了磨削力的间接检测和控制方法,并在此基础上提出一种基于模糊策略的适应控制方法对凸轮磨削过程的磨削力给予控制,采用MATALAB进行了控制器的设计和磨削加工的仿真验证,结果表明该方法能有效地解决凸轮磨削过程中的磨削力的波动问题,控制器具有良好的动态特性,实现了磨削过程中的最优金属切除率的目的,提高了凸轮磨削的表面质量。     

Image processing of the grinding wheel surface

Identifying the situation of grinding wheel wear and loading is a very important issue for high-efficiency grinding operations. This paper presents a new method that detects and identifies the chip loading and cutting edge wear of a grinding wheel using the image processing toolbox of the MATLAB package. The different optical characters of the metal chips and the abrasive grains are analysed. The Sobel operator is adopted to make the edge detections. A sensitivity threshold based on the global condition is used to lower the noise. Image dilation and erosion processes are used to ensure that the edge of each loaded chip is covered by a continuous section. The ratios of chips are calculated and displayed to monitor the wheel surface working status.     

磨削加工对象多变时砂轮状态在线监测方法

在磨削加工对象频繁更换的情况下 ,工件的材料、加工要求、磨削条件和磨削参数经常变化 ,使声发射信号的信息也随之发生变化 ,为此提出基于声发射信号多变情况下的归原处理法 ,用于多变磨削加工环境下砂轮状态的在线监测。通过实验验证了该方法的可行性     

磨床砂轮架设计与制造研究

就磨床的砂轮架在设计、制造、装配诸方面进行了比较详细、系统的研究与分析,揭示了磨床砂轮架中各零件之间的相互内在联系,指出了砂轮架设计、制造中如何对各种零件性能相互进行配合,从而满足不同性能的要求。