共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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参照某城镇污水处理厂幅流式二沉池设计了固定化短带鞘藻-活性污泥共生生物膜反应器,在不同水力停留时间(HRT)、氧化还原电位(ORP)和水质条件运行反应器并评价其对总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH_4~+-N)、正磷酸盐(PO_4~(3-)-P)和COD的去除效果。结果表明,当模拟进水中TN、NH_4~+-N、PO_4~(3-)-P和COD_(Cr)浓度分别为2.33、2、0.7mg/L和50mg/L时,在HRT=6 h、ORP=150mV和HRT=3 h、ORP=250 mV的条件下,出水中的TN、NH_4~+-N、PO_4~(3-)-P和COD_(Cr)的平均浓度分别为1.27、0.96、0.48 mg/L和25.76 mg/L,以及1.57、1.25、0.46 mg/L和29.6 mg/L,均能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A排放标准(GB 18918—2002),反应器在进水水质波动较大的情况下脱氮除磷效果保持良好,有望实际应用至城镇污水处理厂。 相似文献
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许多研究致力于用生物脱氮技术去除污染水体中的氮。微生物固定化是采用物理或化学的方法,将微生物截留在某一特定区域的技术。该技术既可保证功能微生物在适宜条件下快速增殖,使其具有较高的抵御外界不利环境因素的优势,同时可提高功能微生物与本土微生物的竞争力。生物脱氮技术与微生物固定化技术相结合具有很大的应用潜力。综述了几种传统微生物固定化方法和新型微生物固定化方法的分类、原理、优缺点、应用范围及前景。在此基础上,以凝胶包埋法为例,介绍了微生物固定化技术强化生物脱氮的机理,如为微生物提供相应保护,加快微生物生长富集速度,在凝胶球内外形成不同浓度的溶解氧,以及额外提供功能微生物和营养物质等。以凝胶包埋法加快厌氧氨氧化菌生长富集速度,利用凝胶球内外溶解氧浓度差实现短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化为实例进行阐述。最后对微生物固定化技术强化生物脱氮目前存在的问题进行总结并提出展望,开发成本低廉且稳定性强的固定化材料具有重要意义。 相似文献
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采用聚乙烯醇(PVA)-海藻酸钠(SA)制备固定化小球,对固定化小球的成球性、粘连性、机械强度、稳定性和传质性能进行测试,加入复合微生物菌株制备固定化微生物小球,采用L_9(3~4)正交实验分析不同条件下其生物脱氮效果。结果表明,制备固定化小球的最佳条件为8%PVA、5%SA和3%CaCl_2,在包菌量20%、投加量0.5 g/L、温度30℃、pH=8的条件下,人工废水中NH_3-N、NO_2-N和NO_3-N的降解率最高,分别达到94.52%、98.93%和99.31%。PVA-SA固定化复合微生物小球脱氮效率高,在水体氮源污染治理和生态修复方面有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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废水处理系统中不可避免存在着低温环境,低温使得硝化菌和反硝化菌的活性下降,如何在低温条件下提高污水生物脱氮效果是废水处理研究工作中亟待解决的问题。本文对近年来研究发现的低温微生物耐低温机制进行了梳理,提出了最近发现的胞外聚合物(EPS)和聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)的作用机理;介绍了几种已被研究证实能在低温下进行脱氮的功能菌与一些可以提高低温污水脱氮效果的新技术/工艺(包括使用新型填料、改变碳源投加方式、投加特定的重金属);阐述了目前研究所遇到的一些问题,如缺乏工程实践、处理水质与研究菌株单一,研究结论与实际废水处理应用还有着差距。指出未来可以通过特异性功能菌的固定与使用、生物倍增技术与工程实践结合等方法来降低运行成本,提高低温污水的脱氮效果。 相似文献
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Jun-Wei Lim Si-Ling Ng Siok-Moi Khor Chye-Eng Seng 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2012,29(7):886-890
We examined the inhibitory effect of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) on nitrogen removal in the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system. The reactor was operated with FILL, REACT (nitrification: denitrification), SETTLE, DRAW and IDLE phases in the duration ratio of 2: 12 (9: 3): 1: 1: 8 for a 24 h cycle time. The deterioration of 2,4-DCP removal efficiency from 100 to 41% was observed when the influent concentration of 2,4-DCP was increased to 30mg/L. The residual 2,4-DCP remaining in the mixed liquor was found to inhibit the nitrification process, resulting in the decrease of nitrogen removal efficiency to 25 %. For kinetic study, the result showed that the experimental data of ammoniacal nitrogen (AN) removal at every stage fitted well to the first-order kinetics equation with high R2 values. The rate constant of AN removal, k AN , decreased with increasing influent concentration of 2,4-DCP, from 0.053 to 0.0006/min when 2,4-DCP concentration increased from 0 to 30 mg/L, respectively. However, the observed gradual recovering of AN removal with respect to the removal efficiency and kinetics during the recovery stage indicated that the inhibitory effect of 2,4-DCP on the nitrification process was reversible. 相似文献
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The effect of level of nitrogen nutrition upon mineral content and removal in grasses and wheat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Salette 《Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems》1990,26(1-3):229-235
The important effect of nitrogen in changing the patterns of mineral content and mineral removal is analysed for grass swards and wheat. Different models are proposed; accumulated dry matter developed throughout a growing period is shown to be an excellent reference for assessing the evolution of the plant mineral content and the mineral removal the growing crop. Applications in diagnosing mineral nutrition status and optimising fertilizer use are proposed and discussed. 相似文献
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江边污水处理厂采用改良型A2O处理工艺.实践表明,改良型A2O工艺对氨氮的去除率为90.73,对总磷的去除率为93.95%,取得了较好的处理效果.A2/O工艺系统作为新的污水生物处理工艺,在今后的城市污水与工业污水处理与回用中,将会有更广泛的应用. 相似文献
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以焦化废水处理系统中的活性污泥为菌源,分离出具有较高硝化能力的自养型硝化细菌Z2。液体培养基中培养4天,菌株Z2的硝化效果可以达到100%。通过在不同温度、初始pH、摇床转速下研究其对菌株Z2硝化效果影响,得到该菌株的最优硝化条件为温度30℃,pH8.0,摇床转速250r/min。不同接种量的研究表明,增大接种量有利于硝化作用的进行。当底物亚硝酸盐氮浓度从101.51mg/L增加到507.55mg/L时,并未抑制该菌株硝化作用的进行。硝化过程中培养体系的pH逐渐增大,在理论上有利于硝化作用的进行。 相似文献
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A solid extraction process for selectively removing nitrogen from alternative refinery feedstock has been developed. It has been demonstrated that solid CuCl2 · xH2O can reduce the nitrogen content of shale oils to acceptable levels for some refineries. In a simple single-stage process, the nitrogen content was reduced by more than 85% to levels below 0.2 wt%. The solid extraction process was remarkably selective and produced high oil recovery yields corresponding to ≈98% of the theoretical limit. Experiments with model systems have shown complete selectivity for the nitrogen compounds and have demonstrated that the entire bulk of the solid is involved in the extraction process. Many other solids have been shown to be effective, namely transition metal halides, nitrates, sulphates, acetates, fluoroborates, and phosphates. 相似文献