Computer-based interface for an integrated solid waste management optimization model

Planning a regional waste management strategy is a critical step that, if not properly addressed, will lead to an inefficient integrated solid waste management (ISWM) system. Regional planning affects the design, implementation, and efficiency of the overall ISWM scheme. Consequently, decision-makers must look for optimized regional waste management planning to achieve a successful strategy. The optimization of an ISWM strategy for an area requires the knowledge of available solid waste management alternatives and technologies, economic and environmental costs associated with these alternatives, and their applicability to the specific area. Decision-makers often have to rely on optimization models to examine the impacts of mass balance, capacity limitations, operation, and site availability as well as to analyze different alternative options in the selection of a cost effective, environmentally sound waste management alternative. In this context, the complexity associated with the formulation of optimization models may hinder its use, and consequently, user friendliness is a major concern. This paper presents an interface that was developed to address this concern, that is to formulate the matrices associated with an integrated waste management optimization model.     

A particle swarm optimization algorithm for the multiple-level warehouse layout design problem

Warehouse operation and management is one of the essential parts of manufacturing and service operations. The warehouse layout problem is a key to warehouse operations. Generally, warehouse layout design models attempt to optimize different objectives such as the orientation of storage racks, the allocation of space among competing uses, the number of cranes, the overall configuration of the facility, etc. The warehousing strategies can be classified as distribution-type, production-type and contract-type warehouse strategies. In this study, a distribution-type warehouse considered that various type products are collected from different suppliers for storing in the warehouse for a determined period and for delivery to different customers. The aim of the study is to design a multiple-level warehouse shelf configuration which minimizes the annual carrying costs. The turnover rates of the products are classified and they are considered while putting/picking them to/from shelves regarding the distances between the shelves and docks. Since proposed mathematical model was shown to be NP-hard, a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) as a novel heuristic was developed for determining the optimal layout.     

A synergistic model-driven approach for persistence modeling with UML

The Model Driven Development (MDD) approach proposes that models (and model-to-model transformations) play the main role on system development. However, there is not a consensual notation to model persistence based upon object-relational mapping frameworks: while UML lacks specific resources for persistence modeling, the entity-relationship model does not make reference to the dynamic concepts existing in UML.This paper proposes MD-JPA, a UML profile for persistence modeling based on the well-known Java Persistence API 2 (JPA) standard for object-relational mapping, pursuing the modeling of transient and persistent elements in a more coherent and synergistic way. This paper describes the main characteristics of MD-JPA as well as the way that models that adopt such profile can them be used to generate a Java implementation by the application of the proposed model transformations on a MDD approach. Finally, an open source tool was developed to make the results of this work available to the community.     

基于UML的船舶阻尼数字化敷设系统需求分析与架构设计

对阻尼敷设体系进行了分析,提出了阻尼数字化模拟敷设系统,并探讨了利用统一建模语言(UML)对系统进行需求分析与架构设计的方法:首先利用UML提供的相关视图,建立了一种清晰明确的功能需求分析模型,包括功能需求描述、需求模型、静态模型和动态模型.其次在目前常见的三层体系架构之上,利用UML的包图对系统进行了多层体系架构设计.最后对系统进行了应用测试,结果表明该方法能够准确描述系统需求,并可以保证系统从需求到实现的转化.     

A statistical study employing agent-based modeling to estimate the effects of different warehouse parameters on the distance traveled in warehouses

In manually operated warehouses, the travel distance of the order picker has profound effects on the warehouse cost and efficiency. Estimating this distance is difficult because the warehouse environment is a stochastic one, affected by a great number of parameters. Therefore, we present a comprehensive statistical study to assess how the different warehouse parameters and their interactions affect the travel distance. To estimate the travel distance, we simulate the different designs using agent-based modeling (ABM). Having 324 different designs, ABM has enabled us to build one computer model to simulate all the cases. The study shows that having one cross aisle only and using a class-based storage policy decreases the travel distance. Moreover, the results obtained show that choosing the best routing policy depends on the warehouse layout, which proves the importance of considering the interactions among the different parameters.     

综合模块化航空电子分区配置启动机制

为了解决综合模块化航空电子（IMA）系统资源分配问题并明确分区启动时间,以VxWorks 653分区操作系统为研究实例,针对分区配置和启动过程采用统一建模语言（UML）建立了包括类图和时序图在内的模型。该模型深入地分析了分区配置和启动机制,说明了分区配置在资源分配以及操作系统编译和分区初始化过程中的作用,阐述了分区"冷启动"和"热启动"模式的差别,并建立了实验平台测试两种启动模式的启动时间,测试结果显示分区冷启动和热启动的时间分别为148 ms和8.5 ms,进而提出了这两种分区启动模式的应用场景以及分区配置和应用程序软件启动初始化设计的策略。例如在建立分区主时间框架和健康监控策略过程中应确定分区启动的方式并充分考虑分区启动时间,这些设计策略也适用于其他高安全性应用环境中分区系统的设计。     

基于Agent的无线传感器网络AUML交互模型

节点之间的协作交互是无线传感器网络自组织基础,也是拓扑控制和路由选择的本质特性。分析无线传感器网络典型拓扑控制算法和路由协议中的交互行为,在多Agent系统模型基础上,提出基于AUML的无线传感器网络Agent元模型和Agent模型图,构建适合于无线传感器网络的AUML交互模型,该模型包括WSNAgent实例、WSNAgent角色特征、WSNAgent生命线和控制焦点、连接器、消息、条件等基本组件。典型协议建模表明,无线传感器网络AUML交互模型具有较好的可视化描述能力,为无线传感器网络交互的实现奠定了良好基础。     

Model driven architecture: Principles and practice

Model Driven Architecture (MDA) is an approach to application modeling and generation that has received a lot of attention in recent months. Championed by the Object Management Group (OMG), many organizations are now looking at the ideas of MDA as a way to organize and manage their application solutions, tool vendors are explicitly referring to their capabilities in terms of MDA compliance, and the MDA lexicon of platform-specific and platform-independent models is now widely referenced in the industry. In spite of this interest and market support, there is little clear guidance on what MDA means, where we are in its evolution, what is possible with todays technology, and how to take advantage of it in practice. This paper addresses that need by providing an analysis of how modeling is used in industry today, the relevance of MDA to todays systems, a classification of MDA tooling support, and examples of its use. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations for how MDA can be successful in practice.     

无线传感器网络节点的状态分析及Agent建模

为独立于内部结构和具体实现来理解和分析无线传感器网络节点的自治工作机制,分析了无线传感器网络节点的各种工作状态和自组织特性,建立了一种面向无线传感器网络节点的Agent类元模型。该元模型在Agent BDI模型基础上,扩展AUML Agent类图,引入符合无线传感器网络特性的Mental、Role和Protocol等模型元素来描述无线传感器网络节点的静态结构。实例分析表明,结合节点工作状态,Agent类元模型为无线传感器网络节点体系的研究提供了良好的可视化建模基础和分析工具。     

ProOpter: An advanced platform for production analysis and optimization

This paper presents the prototype of an advanced platform for production analysis and optimization, referred to as ProOpter. The platform was developed to support the recently derived concept of holistic production control (HPC), which relies on model-based control. The prototype is comprised of a set of off-line and on-line modules. The off-line modules support the definition of key performance indicators (KPIs), the selection of the most influential input (manipulative) variables, and the identification of a simple production model from historical data. The on-line modules enable KPI prediction and suggest actions to the production manager, employing model-based production control and/or optimization techniques. In this way, a new decision-support reasoning based on historical production data can be introduced. ProOpter has a modular design and can be used as an add-on to existing production IT systems since it relies on established industrial communication standards. The use of the platform is validated on the well-known Tennessee Eastman benchmark simulation process and on two industrial case studies.     

一种UWB通信、测距系统的数据链路层协议设计

针对基于DW1000芯片方案,搭建室内定位、测距系统的场合,为UWB通信系统设计一种数据链路层协议。主要阐述了该协议的架构设计,包括数据链路层系统中节点的部署、各类合作对象之间的动态交互、对象内部的工作状态转换,并使用统一建模语言(UML)对系统进行具体描述。     

基于UML/Power Designer的信息系统分析方法

本文主要针对基于UML/PowerDesigner的信息系统分析方法进行研究:在基于面向对象UML的平台上,以CRM客户关系管理信息系统为研究对象,对其需求模型,总体设计模型和详细设计模型进行了分析设计,并采用了基于UML建模语言的CASE工具PowerDesigner进行进一步的辅助分析和设计,得到了CRM的相关实现模型。本文的研究对管理信息系统的分析方法提供了一种实用的技术途径。     

UML在游戏系统分析与设计中的应用

游戏的开发迫切需要设计一个具备通用性、可复用性以及可扩展性的高性能游戏引擎。运用面向对象技术,基于统一建模语言（UML）、设计了应用于第一人称射击类游戏的三维游戏引擎。在确定系统开发目标的基础上,对系统进行了需求分析及用例建模,并完成了作为静态结构的类图和包图以及作为动态行为的顺序图和协作图的设计,最终进行了系统实现。     

设备状态监测与诊断系统的概念模型

采用任何软件技术实现的设备状态监测与故障诊断系统都应该遵循同一个高层次抽象的概念模型,采用统一建模语言,以基于Web的设备远程监测与诊断系统（WRMFDS）的概念模型为实例,建立该领域的概念模型,采用面向对象分析和设计模式建立相应的关键对象模型。设计和实现的WRMFDS原型系统在一定程度上证明了该概念模型的正确性与有效性。     

A systematic approach on computational analysis and optimization design: for a nonlinear coupling shock absorber

The aim of this article is to provide a systematic approach to perform computational simulation and optimization design of parameters matching selection for a nonlinear coupling shock absorber. A theoretical mathematical model with nonlinear coupling for shock absorber is induced based on relative literature. The model considers the coupling of quadratic damping, viscosity damping, coulomb damping and nonlinear spring. Approximate computational solution is deduced by introducing harmonic balance method and Fourier transform method. These approximate theoretical solutions include output response of the system, absolute acceleration transmissibility in vibration or impact, and the maximum relative displacement in impact process, etc. The approximate computational results are compared with those obtained by numerical integration to confirm the validity of the mathematical model. In the meantime, an optimization design model for parameters is built. The design example is illustrated to confirm the validity of the modeling method and the theoretical solution.     

An analysis of an approximation algorithm for queueing networks

Queueing network models have proved to be useful aids in computer system performance prediction. Numerous approximation algorithms have been devised to allow queueing networks to be analyzed with a reduced computational expense. In particular, for separable queueing networks several popular iterative approximation algorithms are available.

One disadvantage of these algorithms has been the lack of results concerning their behavior, such as whether or not iteration convergence is guaranteed. This paper presents an analysis of an approximate MVA algorithm proposed by Schweitzer (1979). It is proved that the equations defining the algorithm have a unique solution when there is only a single customer class, and iteration initializations that yield monotonic convergence to this solution are exhibited. It is also proved that the solution is pessimistic relative to the exact queueing network solution.     

基于构件的嵌入式实时软件组合时间分析研究

在嵌入式实时软件的开发早期,将构件技术应用于对其进行时间需求的形式化分析中,不但有助于保证软件的正确性和可靠性,还能缩短需求分析周期、提高软件生产率。给出了一种基于构件技术、UML和时间ER网技术的组合时间分析方法,对嵌入式实时软件的时间需求进行分析和检测,实践表明该方法可以检测出需求模型中的时间冲突,有助于保证嵌入式实时软件时间约束的正确性,而且其分析结果具有可复用、可扩展的优点。     

用于构件集成测试的分层元数据的设计与实现*

在对构件元数据的基本思想进行概述的基础上,提出了一种分层元数据的概念,并从构件使用方和构件开发方两个角度分析了对构件的需求.设计了分层元数据对象的模型以及分层元数据的层次结构,并进一步给出了元数据的具体内容及其XML表示的实现思想.最后结合一个描述构件硬件运行环境的元数据实例,给出了相关的XML代码.     

An integrated job shop scheduling and assembly sequence planning approach for discrete manufacturing

This paper proposes an integrated job shop scheduling and assembly sequence planning (IJSSASP) approach for discrete manufacturing, enabling the part processing sequence and assembly sequence to be optimized simultaneously. The optimization objectives are to minimize the total production completion time and the total inventory time of parts during production. The interaction effects between the job shop schedule and the assembly sequence plan in discrete manufacturing are analyzed, and the mathematical models including the objective functions and the constraints are established for IJSSASP. Based on the above, a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-Ⅱ) with a hybrid chromosome coding mechanism is applied to solve the IJSSASP problem. Through the case studies and comparison tests for different scale problems, the proposed IJSSASP approach is verified to be able to improve the production efficiency and save the manufacturing cost of the discrete manufacturing enterprise more effectively.     

A grammatical optimization approach for integrated process planning and scheduling

Rapid developments in computerized manufacturing environments and increasing overlapping in the capability of manufacturing resources provoked integration of many manufacturing functions including process planning scheduling. Several approaches have been developed in the literature in order to integrate process planning and scheduling. In this paper a novel approach which makes use of grammatical representation of generic process plans is used within a multiple objective tabu search framework in order to integrate process planning and scheduling effectively. Detailed explanations along with an example problem are presented in the paper. Proposed approach is tested on literature problems and also hypothetically generated flexible job shop scheduling problems with alternative process plans to analyze its performance and efficiency.