A support tool for identifying evaluation issues of road safety measures

The introduction of new technologies in traffic produces a range of unknown deviations in the desired traffic process. These developments require additional ex-ante assessment procedures for measures which will be implemented in the traffic system. In this paper, the HAZOP methodology is applied to road traffic measures to provide scenarios based upon predicted deviations and problems with new, mainly in-vehicle technologies. To make HAZOP applicable for road safety purposes analysis of the expectations of road users is added to the traditional approach. In this paper, some results are shown for speed reduction measures. The dependency of the results on the membership of the HAZOP team and especially the question if a mixture of expertise is required are also discussed.     

What are socially disruptive technologies?

Scholarly discourse on “disruptive technologies” has been strongly influenced by disruptive innovation theory. This theory is tailored for analyzing disruptions in markets and business. It is of limited use, however, in analyzing the broader social, moral and existential dynamics of technosocial disruption. Yet these broader dynamics should be of great scholarly concern, both in coming to terms with technological disruptions of the past and those of our current age. Technologies can disrupt social relations, institutions, epistemic paradigms, foundational concepts, values, and even the nature of human cognition and experience – domains of disruption that are largely neglected in existing discourse on disruptive technologies. Accordingly, this paper seeks to reorient scholarly discussion around a broader notion of technosocial disruption. This broader notion raises three foundational questions. First, how can technosocial disruption be conceptualized in a way that clearly sets it apart from the disruptive innovation framework? Secondly, how does the notion of technosocial disruption relate to the concordant notions of “disruptor” and “disruptiveness”? Thirdly, can we advance criteria to assess the “degree of social disruptiveness” of different technologies? The paper clarifies these questions and proposes an answer to each of them. In doing so, it advances “technosocial disruption” as a key analysandum for future scholarship on the interactions between technology and society.     

交互设计提升理财类APP可用性研究

目的通过研究提出交互设计原则,提升理财类APP的交互设计水平,进而提升其可用性。方法归纳理财类APP可用性目标,通过用户访谈与问卷调查的方式,探索用户行为习惯与使用偏好,提出基于可用性的理财类APP交互设计原则。对某财富APP进行再设计,使其遵循交互设计原则。对改良前后的设计进行可用性测试,被测试者分别使用改良前后的设计原型完成4组任务,统计并对比用户完成任务的操作时间、成功率、用户满意度,判断改良后的设计在可用性方面是否有所提升。结论理财类APP可通过包括符合用户心智模型的呈现形式、合理的信息搜寻路径与信息展示方式、确保可学习性、确保安全性、提升社交体验的方式提升交互设计,有效提升应用的可用性。     

Technology transfer of hand pumps in rural communities of Swaziland: Towards sustainable project life cycle management

The research summarised in this paper explored the reasons behind the high failure rates of hand pumps from a technology transfer perspective, by examining the existing hand pump technology transfer practices and procedures in Swaziland where over 3000 hand pumps were installed and about 60% are not working. The research determined that there is a lack of proper, structured and sustainable knowledge sharing practices among the main stakeholders, suppliers, providers, users, and the government. It was observed that operations and maintenance, knowledge management, and the integration of a project life cycle management approach were crucial elements for the sustainability of hand pump-based rural water supply projects. Users have little involvement throughout the project life cycle; they do not know where and how to access parts, the majority of the areas do not have trained technicians, and government does not have stock for parts. There is poor communication between the users and suppliers, which is critical for product improvement and product support. It is therefore necessary to have a balanced focus on resource allocation for a hard and soft technology transfer process. A maintenance model resulting from the study aims to provide for practical co-ordination involving all the major stakeholders. Its objective is to establish a sustainable institutional support system through a public/private partnership.     

基于防疫意识的产品创新设计思考

目的通过概述防疫现状和归纳相关产品类别特征,提出防疫产品创新设计策略。方法首先明确防疫产品的设计价值及市场价值,其次对防疫产品进行分类概括,以了解现有产品的不足并明确不同类别下产品设计思路及注意事项,最后结合实际设计案例分析并归纳防疫产品设计策略。结论随着人们防疫意识的不断提高,防疫产品愈发受到市场的追捧及设计力量的关注,因此设计师要及时结合市场需求,发掘相关机会产品,在寻求设计商业价值的基础上积极为社会公共卫生服务贡献有生力量。具体而言,防疫产品设计要遵循人性化设计原则,通过分析产品具体使用环境、使用习惯、目标人群定位等用户因素进行针对性设计,以优化用户对防疫产品的显性需求;还要重视对产品生命周期中各阶段的设计考量,将产品对使用者及环境造成的污染风险最小化。与此同时,防疫产品设计也要基于对产品使用方式、使用功能、使用体验等产品要素的深入分析,以完善并优化用户产品的隐性需求,提升防疫产品对用户的人文关怀。     

基于交互技术的家具展示创新设计探讨

目的从交互设计的原则出发,分析了交互设计的特点,旨在探讨交互技术和创新设计在家具展示中实际操作的可行性进而推广应用。全面提升家具领域的展示趣味性和观众参与度,达到移动互联网体验消费时代更为高效传递家具信息与表现家具特点的目的。方法通过举例说明交互设计在不同领域的应用和各类型优秀展示方案,对当代诸多创新型展示空间进行分析。结论将交互展示应用中符合家具展示特征的方式进行例举和方法总结,以期推动家具展示设计的科技发展和对未来展示设计实践有所启示。     

产品人性化设计之我见

认为人性化设计的实质就是对人类的关怀,在具体的设计中,这种对人性的关怀的表现形式可以是多方面多层次的,概括起来主要有需求层次的关怀、社会层次的关怀、环境层次的关怀、物理层次的关怀、感性层次的关怀、认知层次的关怀等6个基本方面,文中对上述6个关怀层次的具体内容进行了分析探讨.     

秦皇岛市保健品监管的问题与对策研究

分析我市保健品行业的现状,找到目前保健品行业的生产和流通过程中存在不足和问题,最后提出解决问题的对策和建议。     

旅游商品包装设计的叙事性建构

目的为叙事性设计在旅游商品包装设计中的应用探寻系统的方法论方法通过文献、书籍等资料的整理,以及对市场现状的实际调查,借由叙事性设计在包装中的应用现状,以文化、符号与情感的交织关系为基础,围绕地域文化的提取与转译,进行旅游商品包装的叙事性设计具体方法的探讨.结论随着\"文旅融合\"的旅游发展趋势,以及旅游商品对自身品牌化转型的诉求,人们在旅游时也开始逐渐增加对文化旅游的消费支出.为了更好地满足旅游市场的需求,借助叙事性设计的研究成果,结合旅游商品本身的特质,以此来实现旅游商品包装的叙事性建构,同时改善旅游商品的包装设计,从内涵及美学角度提升旅游商品包装的设计感,赋予旅游商品包装更深厚的附加值,从而增强旅游商品包装促销功能的发挥,使旅游商品更易受到旅游消费者的喜爱,最终达到提升旅游商品自身在旅游商品市场竞争力的目的.     

Entrepreneurs and technology diffusion: How diffusion research can benefit from a greater understanding of entrepreneurship

This study builds on the work of Schumpeter and others who have recognised the role of entrepreneurs in the formation of entirely new industries around technological innovation. With this in mind, it critically reviews diffusion research, finding this work to be lacking in its treatment of entrepreneurship and its ability to integrate the wide range of factors that affect the diffusion process. In an effort to address these theoretical gaps, this study draws on management literature on the growth of the entrepreneurial firm, which puts entrepreneurs at the centre of analysis, and serves to integrate many of the traditional concerns of diffusion research. The authors hope that the proposed analytical framework will be applied to future case studies of technology diffusion in order that we might continue to better understand and explain the rate of technological advance in society.     

基于“互联网＋”平台的老年人数字化产品服务设计

“5G”时代背景下,推动老年人数字化产品服务设计的创新发展已成为迫切的需要。研究论述了“互联网+”平台下老年人数字化产品服务设计遵循的原则与老年人数字化产品发展的趋势和前景。通过分析传统产品设计行业中关于老年人产品设计的设计原则和方向,总结了当今老年人数字化产品存在的缺乏针对性和创新服务设计的问题。并且在老年人感官感觉特征、生理行为特征和心理情感特征的基础上,研究了老年手机等案例,分析并论述了老年人数字化产品服务设计的原则。以老年人数字化产品服务设计为例,探讨了“互联网+”模式下,针对特定群体的数字化产品服务设计应遵循的简洁性、易用性、安全性和可靠性基本原则,综合“互联网+”平台、产品服务设计、数字信息技术等创新平台与技术,为促进老年人数字化产品的发展提供了设计策略和参考。     

基于设计符号语义的陶艺产品形态设计研究

目的 揭示设计符号在陶艺产品设计中的共识性,设计符号语义与陶艺产品形态存在一定的关联性,在传统陶艺中寻找突破,在继承和发扬传统陶艺实践的基础上,重构设计符号,提高对陶艺的认识和创作能力.方法 分析陶艺语言符号与设计符号的关联性,研究设计符号语义在陶艺产品中的传达过程,高度概括陶艺设计符号应具备的若干特点,以案例形式阐述陶艺产品的形态感性属性表达、评价与形态语义定位分析过程.结果 论述设计符号在陶艺产品的情感语义应用宗旨,揭示陶艺设计符号的情感语义能更加明示或暗示产品的使用功能和精神内涵.结论 总结了设计符号应用于陶艺产品设计中,借助陶艺本体语言的材质肌理、工艺技术和表现形态来塑造产品的艺术欣赏价值和使用价值,陶艺符号的应用也应向功能及形态多元化、符号情感化的方向发展.     

Warehouse design and management

Warehouse design and operations have undergone major changes over the past decades. In particular, with the onset of e-commerce, the complexity of warehouse operations has increased multi-fold with the storage of large SKU assortment in small quantities, volatile demand patterns and primarily single-line customer orders. They have grown in size due to consolidation, new and fast identification and communication technologies have found their way into the warehouse and process automation technologies have progressed improving speed and operational efficiencies. In line with these developments, this special issue pays attention to new technologies and methods and how they impact warehouse design and management.     

基于日常生活的产品创新设计

目的研究如何从日常生活中获取产品创新设计的灵感。方法以解决生活中的问题、满足生活的潜在需求、丰富人们的日常生活等3个方面为切入点,分析了产品创新设计的方法与途径。结论日常生活是产品创新设计的重要源泉,设计师可以从日常生活中挖掘产品创新设计的机会。