下一代光刻技术的设备

下一代光刻技术是指≤32nm工艺节点的光刻技术。介绍了下一代光刻技术与设备,包括X射线光刻技术、极紫外线光刻技术和纳米压印光刻技术等。     

激光光刻技术的研究与发展

光刻技术作为制备半导体器件的关键技术之一将制约着半导体行业的发展和半导体器件的性能。随着半导体工业的发展,集成电路的特征尺寸越来越小,光刻技术将面临新的挑战。分析了激光光刻技术,包括投影式光刻和激光无掩膜光刻技术的研究现状,着重介绍了极紫外光刻(EUVL)作为下一代光刻技术的发展前景和技术难点、激光无掩膜光刻技术的发展,特别是激光近场扫描光刻、激光干涉光刻、激光非线性光刻等新技术的最新进展及其在高分辨率纳米加工领域的应用前景。     

下一代光刻技术

介绍了下一代光刻技术的演变,重点描述了浸没式光刻技术、极端远紫外光刻技术、纳米压印光刻技术和无掩模光刻技术的基本原理、技术优势、技术难点以及研发,并展望了这几种光刻技术的前景。     

从特征尺寸的缩小看光刻技术的发展

从特征尺寸不断缩小变化的角度阐述了近代光刻技术发展的历程。指出90nm节点的主流光刻技术是193nmArF光刻;193nm浸入式光刻技术作为65nm和45nm节点的首选光刻技术,如果配合二次曝光技术,还可以扩展到32nm节点的应用,但成本会增加;如果特征尺寸缩小到22nm和16nm节点,EUV光刻、无掩模光刻以及纳米压印光刻等将成为未来发展的重要研究方向。在对各种光刻技术的原理、特点以及优缺点等分析对比的基础上,对未来主流光刻技术的发展做了一定的展望。     

193 nm ArF浸没式光刻技术PK EUV光刻技术

2006年11月英特尔决定采用193nm ArF浸没式光刻技术研发32nm工艺。2007年2月IBM决定在22nm节点上抛弃EUV光刻技术,采用193nm ArF浸没式光刻技术。对于32nm/22nm工艺,193nm ArF浸没式光刻技术优于EUV光刻技术,并将成为主流光刻技术。     

光刻与微纳制造技术的研究现状及展望

首先介绍了微纳制造的关键工艺技术——光刻技术。回顾了光刻技术的发展历程,介绍了各阶段主流光刻技术的基本原理和特点。阐述了国内外对光刻技术的研究现状,并讨论了光刻与微纳制造技术面临的挑战及其需要解决的关键性技术问题。然后重点介绍了浸没光刻、极紫外光刻、电子束光刻、离子束光刻、X射线光刻、纳米压印光刻等技术的概念、发展过程和特点,并对不同光刻技术的优缺点和生产适用条件进行了比较。最后结合国内外生产商、工程师和研究学者的研究成果,对光刻技术的未来发展做出展望。     

浸没式光刻向22nm挺进

简述了光学光刻技术在双重图形曝光、高折射率透镜材料及浸没介质、32nm光刻现状及22nm浸没式光刻技术的进展,指出了光学光刻技术的发展趋势及进入22nm技术节点的前景。     

光刻技术在微电子设备上的应用及展望

一、光刻技术在微电子设备上的应用光刻技术实际上就是利用光学复制的方式将微小图样印到半导体上,用以制作电路并应用到微电子设备中。光刻技术对于微电子设备发展具有重要的作用。光刻技术在是生产集成电路的主要技术,在微点子设备上主要应用于微电子设备上的集成电路、晶体管、半导体等。如今的微电子设备不可缺少的技术条件就是光刻技术。光刻技术不断发展这,精度也逐渐接近光学波长限制。在微     

新型光刻技术研究进展

集成电路光刻作为传统光刻技术的典型代表，支撑着集成电路芯片的快速发展。新一代光刻技术具有工艺多样化、光刻精度高、光刻效率高的优点，在研发新型光电子器件、实现3维微纳结构、构建有序纳米孔通道等方面有很大的潜力。回顾了近些年来涌现的多种新型光刻技术，分析了各自的特征及在新型纳米电子、光子器件、能源、传感等领域中的应用。对未来光刻技术的发展方向进行了展望。     

光刻技术在微电子设备的应用及发展

介绍了光刻技术在微电子领域的应用,具体分析多种短波长光刻技术的最新进展,并对在0.1μm之后用于替代光学光刻的下一代光刻技术的发展趋势作了展望。     

Roller nanoimprint lithography for flexible electronic devices of a sub-micron scale

This paper proposes a new concept of a RNIL (roller nanoimprint lithography) system. The system does not require the roll stamp that is necessary in the conventional RNIL system, and it easily transfers patterns from a hard stamp to a flexible substrate. Generally, hard stamps such as Si wafers are of a circular shape. While imprinting with a hard stamp using the RNIL system, the pressing force of the press roller in the system varies as the length of the contact line between the circular-type hard stamp and the roller changes. In this study, the contact force profile is presented and is then implemented. Micro- and nano-scale patterns are transferred from Si stamps onto thin and flexible PC (polycarbonate) substrates. Then performance of the system is the evaluated by SEM images.     

Double-dipole mask-synthesis using inverse lithography technology

Double-dipole lithography (DDL) uses two orthogonal dipole illuminations and one or two masks to print the desired wafer pattern. The main challenge of using such IC-manufacturing technique remains how to properly synthesize the proper mask patterns for the arbitrarily given target pattern. This paper presents a gradient-based inverse lithography technology (ILT) addressing the problem above. This approach properly models the partially coherent imaging system by employing the double-dipole lithography, and then uses the steepest descent method to automatically synthesize the masks required to print the desired wafer pattern. We also present results for various kinds of masks for printing 45-nm critical dimension (CD) features. The results show that our algorithm automatically generates the synthesized masks and that the synthesized masks reduce the pattern distortion error (PDE) by 85-90%. The comparison with a single-exposure case indicates a superior improvement.     

Fabrication of sub-micron 3-D structure using duo-mold UV-RIL process

3-D polymeric micro- and nano-structures were fabricated by the reversal imprint lithography technique using nano-patterned molds. A surface-treated quartz mold and a water-soluble poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) mold were used to make dual-side patterned, 2-D polymeric, micro- and nano-structures. First, UV-curable, polymeric resin was dropped onto the quartz mold, which was then covered with the PVA mold. The two stacked molds were pressed and exposed to UV-light to cure the resin. The cured polymeric resin (the reversal layer) was easily released from the quartz mold, because the surface of the latter was treated with an anti-stiction layer. The reversal layer, bound to the PVA mold, was transferred to a Si substrate by applying a thin layer of a UV-curable bonding agent. After bonding the reversal layer, the PVA mold was selectively removed by dipping in water. As a result, the dual-side patterned, thin polymeric 2-D structure was formed on the silicon substrate and, by repeating this process, 2-D nano-structures were stacked to form a 3-D nano-structure. By making use of the anti-stiction-treated, quartz mold and the water-soluble characteristic of the PVA material, the reliable release of the reversal layer was achieved.     

图形化蓝宝石衬底工艺研究进展

图形化蓝宝石衬底(PSS)技术是一种提高LED亮度的新技术。结合光刻和刻蚀工艺制作图形化蓝宝石衬底。有关图形化蓝宝石衬底的研究主要集中在对光刻和刻蚀工艺的研究,以及图形化蓝宝石衬底提高LED亮度的机理。目前微米级图形化蓝宝石衬底已经得到普遍的应用,与基于平坦蓝宝石衬底的LED相比,PSS-LED的发光功率提高了30%左右。图形化蓝宝石衬底技术的发展经历了从早期的条纹状图形到目前应用较广的半球形和锥形图形,从湿法刻蚀到干法刻蚀,从微米级到纳米级图形的演变。由于能够显著提高LED亮度,纳米级图形化蓝宝石必将得到广泛的运用。     

用相干刻蚀制作大面积的二维纳米阵列

采用多级激光扩束获得大面积的均匀光场分布，利用相干刻蚀(IL)技术，制作了大面积(3．23cm^2)的二维(2D)周期阵列结构，如光栅和栅格，并以此阵列制备出空间周期为300nm的金属Ag、Au和磁性材料Ni的点阵结构。     

Large area nanosize array stamp for UV-based nanoimprint lithography fabricated by size reduction process

A novel size reduction process using electron beam lithography (EBL) combining with wet etching technique is developed as a possible solution for producing large area and low cost nanopattern stamp for UV-based nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL). In the first step, a microstructure stamp with 1.4 μm periodical pore array and aspect ratio of 1:1 was formed over a 1 inch² area on a quartz substrate. This process was carried out using common electron beam lithography (EBL) equipment, which was easily available in the modern integrated circuits (IC) semiconductor factory. Afterwards, with a controlled wet etching technique, the pore array was changed into tip patterns with the line width below 100 nm and the period keeping as before. The uniformities and nanopattern accuracies were investigated to identify its possibility as a UV-NIL stamp by AFM and SEM. Finally, as a demonstration, the as obtained stamp was used as a positive stamp to replicate the nanotips into UV-curable resist successfully by a UV-NIL process. The method developed for the mold of nanoimprint lithography would be a simple and low price approach to fabricate large area UV-NIL stamp and the nanotip array structures would be widely used in two dimensional (2D) photonic crystal application.     

用于纳米器件的电子束与光学混合光刻技术

成功开发出了一种可用于纳米结构及器件制作的电子束与光学光刻的混合光刻工艺。通过两步光刻工艺,在栅结构层上采用大小图形数据分离的方法,使用光学光刻形成大尺寸栅引出电极结构,利用电子束直写形成纳米尺寸栅结构,并通过图形转移工艺解决两次光刻定义的栅结构的叠加问题。此混合光刻工艺技术可以解决纳米电子束直写光刻技术效率较低的问题,同时避免了电子束进行大面积、高密度图形曝光时产生严重邻近效应影响的问题。这项工艺技术已经应用于先进MOS器件的研发,并且成功制备出具有良好电学特性、最小栅长为26 nm的器件。     

极紫外光刻投影光学系统的研究

本文探讨了一种可应用于极紫外光刻光学系统的离轴五反射镜系统,它在光学质量、自由工作距离方面满足了极紫外光刻商业化的要求。在此基础上,文章对精密非球面加工和计算机辅助光学装校也进行了探讨。     

光源掩模协同优化的原理与应用

当半导体技术节点缩小至14 nm及以下时,光刻技术也逐渐接近了其物理极限.光源掩模协同优化(SMO)作为一种新型的分辨率增强技术,能够显著提升极限尺寸下半导体光刻的重叠工艺窗口,有效延伸当前常规光刻技术的生存周期.综述了SMO这一技术,分析了SMO的原理,介绍了该技术的发展和在半导体制造工艺中的应用,重点探讨了其在先进光刻节点研发中的应用,并对其挑战和发展趋势进行了展望,认为SMO不仅是193 nm浸润式光刻技术的重要组成部分,也将是EUV光刻中必不可少的一种技术.     

相移掩模模拟软件研究

本文将报导我们编制相移掩模模拟软件有关工作，分析其中几个重要参数的影响，同时在非相干，部分相干，以及干相光照明下对曝光线条边角的圆化建立了数学模型，并与实验结果加以比较。