天铁5#高炉强化冶炼实践

天铁集团对5^#高炉进行了大修改造，高炉大修改造后，具备了优化操作的条件，高炉利用系数已由大修前平均2．5t/m^3．d达到3．20t／m^3．d的水平，煤比达到了150kg／t．Fe以上，实现了强化冶炼。     

高炉大修新模式的建立

济钢第二炼铁厂在128m^3高炉大修中，采用了过程管理五环模式，施工中应用四步隔层技术，并对施工进行七步闭环管理，解决了资金不足的问题，大修工期仅为392h，大修质量实现了150d以上零故障，安全管理无事故，高炉利用系数达到了3．5t/m^3.d以上，实现了资源有效整合，达到了预期目标。     

采用先进的管理手段 加快高炉大修施工进度—4^#120m^3高炉大修工程项目管理经验初探

在炼铁厂4^#120m^3高炉大修施工中，大胆采用新的施工工艺，积极调动各种因素，圆满地完成了此次大修任务，并打破此项全国纪录。     

高炉整体推移技术在新钢7号高炉大修中的应用

新钢公司7号高炉在复杂的作业环境条件下从600m^3扩容改造为1200m^3,并成功地应用了高炉整体推移技术,工期比正常情况下的缩短50天,企业增效6 000多万元.为相同条件下的高炉大修找到了一条解决生产与大修工期相矛盾的新途径、新工艺.     

邯钢4号高炉开炉实践

对邯钢4号高炉（918m^3）大修后开炉方案的制定和开炉后快速达产的生产实践进行了分析,本次对4号高炉大修取得了良好的经济效益。     

西西伯利亚钢铁公司提高高炉冶炼效率

西西伯利亚钢铁公司高炉车间是俄罗斯最大的高炉车间之一。它主要包括2座3000m^3高炉和1座2000m^3高炉（目前在一级大修），炉料运输、铸铁机、耐火材料的制备工段和铁水罐修理库。     

邯钢5号高炉扩容改造大修开炉实践

邯钢5号高炉充分利用原有场地结构和设备,采用先进的高炉整体推移技术,将高炉从1260m^3扩容改造为2000m^3,大修工期34天即实现开炉出铁,9天后高炉利用系数达到2．0,第15天突破2．3,取得良好经济效益。     

1260m^3高炉冷却壁设备检修的实践

介绍了邯钢集团公司1260m^3高炉大修的难点和重点以及冷却壁设备检修的工艺、方法、存在问题和解决办法。     

本钢5号高炉铜冷却壁的设计、安装和应用

本钢5号高炉于2001年进行了改造大修．将2000m^2炉容扩大到2600m^2．在这次大修中引进了PW公司的铜冷却壁．取得了良好的使用效果和显著的经济效益。     

南钢1号高炉大修供排水工艺设计及效果

介绍了南钢1号高炉（300m^3)大修改造中供排水工艺的设计方案和采用的新技术，并分析了设计考虑因素。     

Arrestin-independent internalization of the m1, m3, and m4 subtypes of muscarinic cholinergic receptors

To understand what processes contribute to the agonist-induced internalization of subtypes of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, we analyzed the role of arrestins. Whereas the m2 mAChR has been shown to undergo augmented internalization when arrestins 2 and 3 are overexpressed (Pals-Rylaarsdam, R., Gurevich, V. V., Lee, K. B., Ptasienski, J. A., Benovic, J. L., and Hosey, M. M. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 23682-23689), the agonist-induced internalization of m1, m3, and m4 mAChRs was unchanged when arrestins 2 or 3 were overexpressed in transiently transfected HEK-tsA201 cells. Furthermore, when a dominant-negative arrestin was used to interrupt endogenous arrestin function, there was no change in the internalization of the m1, m3, and m4 mAChR whereas the internalization of the beta2 adrenergic receptor was completely blocked. Wild-type and GTPase-deficient dominant-negative dynamin were used to determine which endocytic machinery played a role in the endocytosis of the subtypes of mAChRs. Interestingly, when dynamin function was blocked by overexpression of the GTPase-deficient dynamin, agonist- induced internalization of the the m1, m3, and m4 mAChRs was suppressed. These results suggested that the internalization of the m1, m3, and m4 mAChRs occurs via an arrestin-independent but dynamin-dependent pathway. To ascertain whether domains that confer arrestin sensitivity and dynamin insensitivity could be functionally exchanged between subtypes of mAChRs, chimeric m2/m3 receptors were analyzed for their properties of agonist-induced internalization. The results demonstrated that the third intracellular loop of the m2 mAChR conferred arrestin sensitivity and dynamin insensitivity to the arrestin-insensitive, dynamin-sensitive m3 mAChR while the analogous domain of the m3 mAChR conferred arrestin resistance and dynamin sensitivity to the previously arrestin-sensitive, dynamin-insensitive m2 mAChR.     

Pulmonary host defense responses to inhalation of sulfuric acid and ozone

The effects of simultaneous exposure to ozone (O3) and sulfuric acid [H2SO4, 0.23 microns volume median diameter (VMD)] and a single exposure to ultrafine (less than 0.1 micron VMD) H2SO4 under various conditions were studied using the infectivity/mortality and the ciliary beating frequency model systems. A 3-h exposure to a combined aerosol of 196 micrograms O3/m3 and 483 or 241 micrograms H2SO4/m3 significantly increased the susceptibility of mice to a laboratory-induced respiratory infection. However, exposure to 543 micrograms ultrafine H2SO4/m3 for 2 h or 365 micrograms/m3 2 h/d for 5 d did not significantly affect this parameter. Upper airway response, as measured by changes in hamster tracheal ciliary beating frequency, was not affected by either a 3-h combined exposure to 196 micrograms O3/m3 and 847 micrograms H2SO4/m3 or a 2-h exposure to 458 micrograms ultrafine H2SO4/m3.     

GdCl3-Gd2O3膨胀石墨复合材料的制备及表征

以氯化钆( GdCl3)饱和溶液作为钆源,膨胀石墨(EG)为载体,利用化学浸渍法合成了GdCl3为3阶、Gd2O3为4阶的混合结构式GdCl3-Gd2 O3-EG复合材料.通过FESEM、EDS和XRD对产物的形貌、成分和阶结构进行表征,结果表明,当原料mGd2O3/mEG(质量比)较小时,GdCl3 -EG为2、3阶混合结构,随着质量比的增大,插层结构稳定为3阶结构；同时,Gd3+与膨胀石墨中的含氧基团结合生成Gd2O3,Gd2O3进入膨胀石墨层间形成4阶结构的Gd2 O3-EG,其阶结构不随mGd2O3/mEG比值的变化而变化.     

Loss of biological activity due to Glu-->Arg mutation at residue 11 of the B subunit of cholera toxin

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum tolerated dose, toxicities, and potential antitumor activity of edatrexate (E), an antifolate agent with enhanced in vitro antitumor activity as compared with methotrexate (M), when given in combination with vinblastine, doxorubicin, cisplatin, and filgrastim (G-CSF) to patients with advanced malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with advanced malignancies were treated with escalating doses of edatrexate in combination with vinblastine (V), doxorubicin (A), cisplatin (C), and filgrastim (EVAC/G-CSF) following three different subsequently developed schedules. Schedule 1 was patterned after the MVAC regimen, a combination chemotherapy program with activity against different epithelial malignancies, and consisted of E, 40 mg/m2/day, days 1/15/22; V, 3 mg/m2/day, days 2/15/22; A, 30 mg/m2/ day, day 2; C, 70 mg/m2/day, day 2; repeated every 28 days. Schedules 2 and 3 were designed to avoid observed dose-limiting toxicity on schedule 1 consisting of transient elevation of serum creatinine levels and delayed myelosuppression. Schedule 2 consisted of E, 40 or 60 mg/ m2/day, days 1 and 15; V, 3 mg/m2/day, days 2 and 15; A, 30 mg/m2/day, day 2; C, 30 mg/m2/day, days 1 and 2; cycled every 28 days. Schedule 3 consisted of E, 60 to 120 mg/m2/day, day 1; V, 3 mg/m2/day, day 2; A, 30 mg/m2/day, day 2; C, 30 mg/m2/day, days 1 and 2; cycled every 21 days. Filgrastim 5 micrograms/kg/day was given to all patients subcutaneously until the absolute neutrophil count was greater than 10,000/microL postnadir. Three patients were treated on schedule 1, 10 on schedule 2 (four at an E dose of 40 mg/m2/day and six at an E dose of 60 mg/m2/day), and 24 on schedule 3 (six at each of the following E dosages: 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg/m2/day). RESULTS: Dose-limiting toxicities of grade 3 to 4 leukopenia and transient elevation of serum creatinine values were observed in two of three patients treated on schedule 1. A dose-limiting toxicity of grade 3 to 4 leukopenia was noted in two of six patients treated on schedule 2 at an edatrexate dose of 60 mg/m2/day. Two of six patients treated on schedule 3 at an edatrexate dose of 120 mg/m2/day had a dose-limiting toxicity of grade 3 stomatitis (one patient) and grade 3 cytopenia (one patient). Nineteen of 37 patients with evaluable or measurable disease had a response to treatment (response rate 51%, 95% confidence intervals = 35%-67%). Nine of 15 patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer responded, including one complete remission (response rate 60%, confidence intervals = 35%-85%). A median survival of 517 days (confidence interval = 163-808 days) and a 1-year survival rate of 60% (confidence interval = 35%-85%) was seen in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The maximum tolerated dose and the recommended phase II dose of edatrexate is 100 mg/m2/day when administered as part of the EVAC/G-CSF program following schedule 3. Promising antineoplastic activity against non-small cell lung carcinomas was observed, and a phase II study is planned.     

Endothelin-1 increases the levels of mRNA and protein of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and c-fos mRNA in cerebellar granule cells

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induced a time- and dose-dependent increase in the levels of mRNA of m2- and m3-muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) in cultured cerebellar granule cells. The levels of immunoprecipitable m3-mAChR protein and total mAChR binding sites were also increased by ET-1 treatment. The up-regulation of m2- and m3-mAChR was blocked by phorbol ester pretreatment to inhibit ET-1-stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis and was preceded by an increase in c-fos mRNA levels. Treatments that prevented ET-1-induced c-fos mRNA increase also abolished the subsequent m2- and m3-mAChR mRNA up-regulation, suggesting that c-Fos protein is involved in the ET-1-induced mAChR expression.     

Free and total insulin-like growth factors and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins during 14 days of growth hormone administration in healthy adults

The objective was to investigate the effect of growth hormone (GH) administration on circulating levels of free insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in healthy adults. Eight healthy male subjects were given placebo and two doses of GH (3 and 6 IU/m2 per day) for 14 days in a double-blind crossover study. Fasting blood samples were obtained every second day. Free IGF-I and IGF-II were determined by ultrafiltration of serum. Total IGF-I and IGF-II were measured after acid-ethanol extraction. In addition, GH, insulin, IGF binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) and IGFBP-3 were measured. Serum-free and total IGF-I increased in a dose-dependent manner during the 14 days of GH administration. After 14 days, serum-free IGF-I values were 610 +/- 100 ng/l (mean +/- SEM) (placebo), 2760 +/- 190 ng/l (3 IU/ m2) and 3720 +/- 240 ng/l (6 IU/m2) (p = 0.0001 for 3 and 6 IU/m2 vs placebo; p = 0.004 for 3 IU/m2 vs 6 IU/m2). Total IGF-I values were 190 +/- 10 micrograms/l (placebo), 525 +/- 10 (3 IU/m2), and 655 +/- 40 micrograms/l (6 IU/m2) (p < 0.0001 for 3 and 6 IU/m2 vs placebo; p = 0.04 for 3 IU/m2). There were no differences in the levels of free or total IGF-II during the three study periods. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 was decreased during GH administration (p = 0.04 for placebo vs 3 IU/m2; p = 0.006 for placebo vs 6 IU/m2). In conclusion, fasting serum free IGF-I increased dose dependently during GH administration and free IGF-I increased relatively more than total IGF-I. This may partly be due to the decrease in IGFBP-1.     

酒钢本部450m~3、2500m~3高炉经济性对比

本文通过对酒钢本部450 m3、2 500 m3高炉指标、原燃料条件及生铁成本等进行经济性对比分析,本部450m3高炉由于使用了低价原料(特别是自产料),其成本远低于2 500 m3高炉,但通过对适应于2 500 m3高炉的同等原燃料条件下的对比测算,2 500 m3高炉的生产成本要低于450 m3高炉;高炉容积的选择需要从企业经营战略、原料条件、政策风险、未来市场预测结果等多方面进行考虑。     

我国不同级别高炉的基建投资和生铁成本的比较

通过对三个不同级别高炉(300m~3、1200m~3和2500m~3)单位投资成本和生铁经营成本的对比分析,可知单位生铁投资成本2500m~3级高炉最高,300m~3级高炉最低,而单位生铁经营成本2500m~3级高炉最低,300m~3级高炉最高。如果投资成本和生铁经营成本统一起来考虑,则每吨生铁总的成本大体在同一水平上,因此当前大中小高炉并存是必然的结果。     

Phase I trial of continuous infusion flavopiridol, a novel cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, in patients with refractory neoplasms

PURPOSE: We conducted a phase I trial of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, flavopiridol (National Service Center [NSC] 649890), to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), toxicity profile, and pharmacology of flavopiridol given as a 72-hour infusion every 2 weeks. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seventy-six patients with refractory malignancies with prior disease progression were treated with flavopiridol, with first-cycle pharmacokinetic sampling. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients defined our first MTD, 50 mg/m2/d x 3 with dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of secretory diarrhea at 62.5 mg/kg/d x 3. Subsequent patients received antidiarrheal prophylaxis (ADP) to define a second MTD, 78 mg/m2/d x 3 with DLT of hypotension at 98 mg/m2/d x 3. Other toxicities included a proinflammatory syndrome with alterations in acute-phase reactants, particularly at doses >50 mg/ m2/d x 3, which in some patients prevented chronic therapy every 2 weeks. In some patients, ADP was not successful, requiring dose-deescalation. Although approximately 70% of patients displayed predictable flavopiridol pharmacology, we observed unexpected interpatient variability and postinfusion peaks in approximately 30% of cases. At the two MTDs, we achieved a mean plasma flavopiridol concentration of 271 nM (50 mg/m2/d x 3) and 344 nM (78 mg/m2/d x 3), respectively. One partial response in a patient with renal cancer and minor responses (n=3) in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, colon, and renal cancer occurred. CONCLUSION: The MTD of infusional flavopiridol is 50 mg/m2/d x 3 with dose-limiting secretory diarrhea at 62.5 mg/m2/d x 3. With ADP, 78 mg/m2/d x 3 was the MTD, with dose-limiting hypotension at 98 mg/m2/d x 3. Based on chronic tolerability, 50 mg/m2/d x 3 is the recommended phase II dose without ADP. Antitumor effect was observed in certain patients with renal, prostate, and colon cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Concentrations of flavopiridol (200 to 400 nM) needed for cyclin-dependent kinase inhibition in preclinical models were achieved safely.     

MRI of hyperpolarized 3He gas in human paranasal sinuses

Relapsed or refractory adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) carries a grave prognosis. The most promising strategy for curing these patients is through re-induction chemotherapy followed by successful allogeneic transplant. We studied a new high-dose induction regimen in order to improve the outcome for these patients. Eighteen adult patients with relapsed/refractory ALL were treated on a phase I study of high-dose cytarabine combined with a single escalating dose of idarubicin. Five patients had primary refractory disease and 13 were treated in refractory relapse. Nine patients (50%) had Ph+ ALL. The induction regimen was cytarabine 3 g/m2/day intravenously days 1-5 and idarubicin as a single intravenous dose on day 3. G-CSF 5 microg/kg subcutaneously every 12 h was started on day 7. The initial idarubicin dose was 20 mg/m2 with dose escalations of 10 mg m2. Cohorts of three patients were treated at each idarubicin dose level. Unacceptable toxicity was encountered at 50 mg/m2 with one death from infection and one death from cardiotoxicity in a patient with significant prior anthracycline exposure. There were no instances of grade 4 non-hematologic toxicity encountered at idarubicin doses of 20 mg/m2, 30 mg/m2, or 40 mg/m2. The data suggest a dose-response relationship for increasing doses of idarubicin with 0/3 complete responses (CR) at 20 mg/m2, 1/3 CR at 30 mg/m2, and 7/12 (58%) CR at idarubicin doses > or = 40 mg/m2. We conclude that concomitant administration of cytarabine 3 g/m2/day x 5 and high-dose idarubicin at 40 mg/m2 as a single dose on day 3 can be administered safely to patients with refractory and relapsed ALL.