谐振式软开关在永磁无刷直流电机控制中的应用

无刷直流电机因动态性能好、调速灵活、效率高等优点被广泛的应用于各种驱动和伺服控制领域，而驱动无刷直流电机的逆变器一般却工作在硬开关状态下，产生了较大的开关损耗，降低了电机的效率。因此为了减小开关损耗，本文给去了一种方法，即在直流电源和逆变器之间加入一谐振电路来实现其开关管的零电压开通和关断，从而大大降低了逆变器的开关损耗，提高了电机的工作效率。     

软开关谐振逆变技术在无刷直流电机中的应用

针对无刷直流电机(BDCM)逆变器工作在硬开关状态下,产生较大的开关损耗,降低电机效率的问题,介绍了谐振直流环节软开关逆变器、基于变压器的谐振直流环节软开关逆变器和基于变压器的谐振极软开关逆变器3种软开关技术,为实现软开关无刷直流电机驱动系统的高效、安全、可靠运行提供了一定的理论基础.     

基于软开关逆变器的电机驱动策略研究

传统的无刷直流电机驱动系统中,由于逆变器侧开关管工作在硬开关模式下,开关管将会产生较大的开关损耗,同时开关管的开关频率也会受到限制,因此引入软开关逆变器驱动无刷直流电机。文章通过对谐振直流环节软开关逆变器(PRDCLI2)的分析,提出了一种基于此软开关逆变器的无刷直流电机驱动策略,通过谐振环节实现对母线电压的调制,进而控制电机转速,逆变器桥臂上的开关管只用于换向。这种驱动方式能减小逆变器桥臂开关管的开关损耗,因此散热器的体积也能得到降低。针对这一方法在Matlab中进行了仿真验证,结果表明这种驱动方式能使电机正常运转。     

谐振型软开关在无刷直流电机驱动器中的PSpice仿真

传统无刷直流电机的驱动逆变器一般工作在硬开关状态下,导致产生了较大的开关损耗,降低了电机的整体效率。介绍了一种用于大功率大电流无刷直流电机控制系统中结构简单、控制方便的软开关逆变器方案,通过PSpice仿真软件,建立数学模型对整个系统进行仿真实验。给出了仿真结果,验证了该方案的合理性和可行性,为实现软开关无刷直流电机驱动系统的高效、安全、可靠运行提供了一定的理论依据。     

用于无刷直流电机驱动的谐振极软开关逆变器

用硬开关逆变器来驱动无刷直流电机会产生逆变器的开关损耗大和运行效率低的问题。为降低开关损耗,提出一种用于无刷直流电机驱动的新型谐振极软开关逆变器的拓扑结构,通过在传统硬开关逆变器的三相输出端添加辅助谐振电路,利用辅助电路中的高频变压器的等效电感与主开关并联的缓冲电容之间的谐振,实现逆变器主开关器件的零电压开关和辅助开关器件的零电流开关。依据不同工作模式下的等效电路图,分析了电路的换流过程和设计规则,并建立起了辅助谐振电路损耗的数学模型,讨论了谐振参数对辅助电路损耗的影响。制作了1台实验样机,实验结果表明逆变器的主开关和辅助开关都实现了软开关。该谐振极软开关逆变器能有效改善效率,降低开关损耗。     

无刷直流电机软开关逆变器矢量控制

为了改善传统无刷直流电动机驱动控制存在的转矩波动大、效率低以及硬开关模式下逆变器侧的开关管功率损耗大等问题,本文提出了一种新型无刷直流电机驱动谐振极逆变器的矢量控制策略。该策略通过矢量算法进行驱动控制,并在传统硬开关逆变器的基础上添加辅助谐振电路,然后根据不同模式下的等效电路图,分析了逆变器的工作原理。最后,在Simulink中进行仿真,其结果验证了该方法在电机正常工作情况下,具有转矩波动小、开关损耗低以及工作效率高等优点。     

电机驱动用新型谐振直流环节电压源逆变器

为了实现电机控制系统的高功率密度和高性能运行,必须提高逆变器的工作频率以提高功率变换器的效率和增强性能。然而,较高的工作频率会引起严重的电磁干扰和开关损耗从而导致系统整体效率降低。软开关技术被认为是解决上述问题的有效方法,结合软开关技术的优点和脉宽调制(pulse width modulation, PWM)控制的特点,提出了一种新的用于电机驱动系统的谐振直流环节软开关电压源逆变器,通过在传统硬开关逆变器的直流环节添加辅助谐振单元,实现了逆变桥开关器件的PWM软开关动作,同时,辅助谐振单元的开关也为软开关操作。文中阐述了该软开关逆变器拓扑的动作时序和动作模式,并对软开关动作时序的瞬态过渡过程进行了数学分析。对提出的新型软开关逆变器驱动无刷直流电机进行了仿真和实验研究,结果验证了电路结构和理论分析的正确性与可行性。     

一种新型无刷直流电机谐振极软开关逆变器

永磁无刷直流电机具有高功率密度、高转矩/电流比和控制简单等优势,得到了广泛应用。然而,无刷直流电机通常采用硬开关逆变器驱动,硬开关逆变器的系统效率较低,散热器的体积和重量较大,限制了大功率无刷直流电机驱动系统功率密度和性能的进一步提升。针对硬开关逆变器问题,提出了一种无刷直流电机专用的谐振极软开关电压源逆变器。通过在传统硬开关逆变器的三相输出端添加辅助谐振网络,实现了逆变桥主开关器件的零电压(ZVS)开关动作,辅助双向开关在零电流开关(ZCS)条件开通和关断。针对新型软开关逆变器,提出了一种新的脉宽调制(PWM)控制策略——TPWM TON,逆变桥上下侧开关器件轮流进行PWM调制,保持了直流母线中点电位的平衡,且使主开关和辅助开关的开关频率降到PWM调制频率的一半。对提出的软开关逆变器进行了实验研究,实验结果验证了电路结构、理论分析和控制策略的正确性与可行性。     

无刷直流电机驱动用IGBT逆变器能耗分析

为了预测电机系统的性能和提高设计的可靠性.根据无刷直流电机(BLDCM)的PWM调制原理和IGBT的损耗机理.采用损耗分离法提出了BLDCM驱动用IGBT逆变器的功耗计算模型.逆变器的通态损耗是与IGBT正向通态压降、电机电流和开关占空比有关的函数,而其开关损耗足开关器件的肝关时间、电机电流、逆变器的供电电压以及调制频率的函数.对提出的损耗模型进行了仿真计算和实验验证,仿真计算结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性.     

一种无刷直流电机电磁转矩脉动抑制方法的研究

针对目前无刷直流电机电磁转矩脉动抑制方法存在检测方法、控制算法复杂、成本较高的缺陷,提出了一种新的无刷直流电机电磁转矩脉动抑制方法,该方法通过控制无刷直流电机导通相线电流跟踪给定电流来抑制电机的电磁转矩脉动,而无刷直流电机的导通相线电流是通过三相全桥逆变器下桥臂三个开关器件的电流引出后与相应开关器件驱动信号相乘后叠加所...     

BLDCM变压器谐振直流连接换向器设计

BLDCM由于具有低惯性、反应迅速、高可靠性和免于维护等特点而广泛应用。为了降低硬开关设备能量损耗,提出一种在浪涌开关换向中可以产生直流连接电压凹陷的变压器软开关换向器,以保证所有开关工作于零电压条件下,并分析了该换向器的工作原理。     

PAM inverter system with power-factor-corrected converter

In most cases, PWM power-factor-corrected (PFC) converters are constructed from a diode rectifier and an active power circuit such as a boost or buck-boost chopper. Besides the PFC operation, the active power circuit can control the dc output voltage. The output voltage of the PAM inverters is controlled by varying the level of the dc input voltage. The PAM method reduces the voltage and current stresses of the inverter and motors. This paper proposes a new PAM inverter system with high power factor converter to obtain a sinusoidal input current. The proposed PAM method to reduce the torque ripple in the induction motor can reduce switching losses by providing a pausing interval where the switching operation stops during part of one period. © 1998 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 124(2): 43–52, 1998     

恒功率区无零矢量SVM对功率器件结温的改善

电动汽车变流器功率器件的损耗不仅浪费了有限且宝贵的车载能量,而且会造成功率器件过高的结温,严重影响其可靠性。空间矢量调制SVM(space vector modulation)工作在线性调制范围虽然可以保持较低的电压谐波畸变,但高的开关频率会带来高的开关损耗。过调制虽然在一定程度上导致相对较高的谐波,但在提高逆变基波电压的同时还降低了器件的开关次数。为了能兼顾逆变电压谐波与功率器件损耗,基于已有的过调制研究,采用了一种不需要零矢量的过调制点,将该特定调制度点(无零矢量)运用于驱动电机基速以上的弱磁调速区,并推导了其损耗表达式。研究表明,与线性范围内调制对比,该方法能显著降低变流器功率器件的损耗,且谐波也在可接受范围内。     

PV water pumping with a peak-power tracker using a simple six-stepsquare-wave inverter

The application of photovoltaics (PVs) has been increasingly popular, especially in remote areas, where power from a utility is not available or is too costly to install. PV-powered water pumping is frequently used for agriculture and in households. Among many available schemes, the system under study consists of a PV array, a variable-frequency inverter, an induction motor, and a water pump. The inverter feeds the induction motor, which drives the water pump. To seek the optimum power output of the PV array, the inverter is operated at variable frequency, to vary the output of the water pump. The inverter is operated to generate a six-step quasi-square wave, instead of a pulsewidth modulated (PWM) voltage output, to reduce the switching losses. The inverter acts as both a variable-frequency source and a peak-power tracker of the system, thus, having the number of switches minimized. The system is a low-cost design, with a simple control strategy. The DC bus is supported by a DC capacitor; thus, a balance-of-power flow must be maintained to avoid the collapse of the DC-bus voltage. Another advantage of the system is that the current is limited to an upper limit of the PV-array current. Thus, in case a short circuit is developed, the motor winding and the power semiconductor switches can be protected against excessive current flow     

Novel Pulse-width Modulation Strategy to Minimize the Switching Losses of Z-Source Inverters

This article proposes a novel pulse-width modulation strategy to minimize switching losses of the Z-source inverter. The Z-source inverter has different pulse-width modulation patterns unlike the conventional voltage source inverter. Shoot-through states have been inserted within the zero states of the traditional pulse-width modulation patterns of a voltage source inverter to boost DC input voltage. Thus, the Z-source inverter has six active states, two zero states, and additional shoot-through states differentiating the Z-source and conventional voltage source inverters. The currents flowing through the switches of the Z-source inverter are larger than those of the conventional voltage source inverter, because Z-network currents must flow through the switches during the shoot-through states. Therefore, shoot-through currents increase the total switching losses of the Z-source inverter. In this article, switching losses of the Z-source inverter with the existing pulse-width modulation strategy are analyzed in detail. Then, new modulation signals of the Z-source inverter are introduced to produce unique pulse-width modulation patterns that minimize the switching losses of the Z-source inverter. The switching losses of the Z-source inverter with both pulse-width modulation strategies are simulated and compared. In addition, an experimental system has been built and tested to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.     

A High‐Frequency Cycloconverter Based on a Phase‐Shift Control Method

This paper proposes a new control method for a high‐frequency cycloconverter consisting of two half‐bridge inverters and a series–resonant circuit. This cycloconverter acts as an ac‐to‐ac direct power conversion circuit without any dc stage. This circuit does not require a diode bridge rectifier, and thus, can be used to reduce forward voltage drops and power losses in the diodes. A new phase‐shift control method is proposed to regulate the capacitor voltage in each half‐bridge inverter and to achieve zero‐voltage switching. The proposed phase‐shift control is theoretically discussed and is also verified by an experimental circuit consisting of superjunction power MOSFETs. As a result, the proposed high‐frequency cycloconverter exhibits a good power conversion efficiency as high as 97.7% at the rated power of 1.3 kW.     

A DC voltage converter with a series resonant inverter and asymmetric control of power transistors

The interest in dc converters with a series resonant inverter (resonant converters) is due to the fact that they easily realize switching of semiconductor devices at zero current and zero voltage in a device. This makes it possible to significantly reduce power losses during switching of semiconductor devices and to realize the operation of a dc–dc converter at higher frequencies with a high efficiency. In the foreign literature, many circuits of resonant converters are described and many results of experimental studies are presented. However, the theory of such converters has not been sufficiently developed and theoretical studies are conducted using approximate methods, for example, fundamental-harmonic method. This paper describes the operating principle of the power part of a dc–dc converter with a series resonant inverter with asymmetric control in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), when the switching frequency is less than the resonance frequency of the LC circuit. The features of symmetric and asymmetric control of the inverter’s power transistors are described, in which bipolar current pulses are formed in half of the switching period. An algorithm for asymmetric control of transistors is proposed, and a scheme for implementing this algorithm on discrete components in the form of a virtual model in the Matlab–Simulink environment is presented. The results of modeling (transient and steady-state conditions, external characteristics, and other dependences), as well as the results of a comparison of the taken and theoretical (constructed from analytical relationships) characteristics, are presented.