Revision on the calculation of optically pumped FIR laser spectrum with Doppler broadening and pressure broadening effects

By means of iteration method and also taking into account Doppler broadening and pressure braodening effect of IR pumping laser, the output power density of optically pumped NH₃ molecules FIR laser is calculated by solving density matrix equations of three-level system. The results of theoretical calculation shows that, in comparison with the FIR laser under the assumption of ideal monochromatic IR pumping, the output power density of FIR laser in the case of Doppler broadening and pressure broadening IR pumping decreases much more. Meanwhile, via the revision of Doppler broadening and pressure broadening effect, the theoretical value of optimum operating gas pressure reduces, which is in better agreement with the experimental value. Further study shows that the revision of Doppler broadening effect is more fit for the conventional FIR laser with a 2m sample tuble and the revision of pressure broadening effect is much more suitable for the miniature FIR laser with a short sample tube of 5 to 20cm in length.     

New CW FIR laser action in optically pumped vinyl chloride

Thirty-four new FIR lasing lines are reported in vinyl chloride optically pumped by a CO2laser. Ten of them are observed when using pump lines belonging to the 10.8 μm hot band.     

Power broadening in a He-Ne laser

Considerable power broadening of Ne2p_{4}saturation peaks in a 0.63-μ He-Ne laser is observed by tuned laser differential spectrometry. The results are in agreement with calculations that properly distinguish broadening and quenching collisions.     

Gain of a CW optically pumped far-infrared laser with sandwich resonator

The FIR laser gain of CW optically pumped HCOOH was measured and compared to theoretical calculations. Since the laser has a transversely pumped parallel-plate (or “sandwich”) waveguide, the pump field is the same for oscillating and amplifying operation. Therefore, “true” FIR-gains were measured. The theory takes into account several phenomena, that are frequently simplified when considering FIR lasers, such as the pump and the FIR beam's spatial distribution, power broadening of the pump absorption, as well as heat and molecular diffusion. As a result, good quantitative agreement between theory and measurement was achieved.     

New optically pumped millimeter wave CW laser lines from methyl isocyanide

New laser transitions have been obtained at 823 938 and 2140 μm by optically pumping methyl isocyanide in a waveguide resonator which is particulatly effective at these long wavelengths. Assignments are also given.     

Submillimeter laser action of CW optically pumped CF3Br

Far infrared laser action at 823 and 883 μm is reported for the first time from the optically pumped CF3Br molecule. This molecule exhibits strong absorptions in thePandRbranches of the 9 μm band of the CW CO2laser. Tentative assignments are proposed for the first two transitions observed.     

Assignments of the high power optically pumped CW laser lines of CH3OH

Thirteen far IR laser lines in CH3OH, optically pumped by a CO2laser, have been assigned toa- andb-type transitions in ν5CO-stretch band. Identification procedures used were: a frequency match between the CO2pump and CH3OH absorption, frequency match of laser lines and CH3OH ν5transitions, polarization of far IR radiation, cascade and competition effects between far IR laser lines, and frequency consistencies. An improved set of molecular constants for ν5transitions were also obtained.     

小功率连续波放电DF/HF化学激光器的功率

将SF6、O2、He3种可调气体预混合,喷入带有8个高压放电极的放电管,解离F离子,沿气流方向以亚音速喷入喉道,H2/D2由喉道上下喷入,光轴在H2/D2喷入下游1mm处。研究了连续波DF/HF激光器的多谱线输出功率与SF6、He和H2/D2的流量关系,以及混合气体中加入O2对激光器性能的影响。实现了HF最大输出功率12W,DF最大输出功率11W,连续可调,功率稳定,持续时间20min。     

Submillimeter laser action of CW optically pumped CF2Cl2 (Fluorocarbon 12)

Eleven new CW far infrared (FIR) laser lines have been observed in the 600 μm–1200 μm range from the CF₂Cl₂ (Fluorocarbon 12) molecule optically pumped by a CO₂ laser. A 510^?4–10^?3 accuracy is achieved in the measurement of the FIR wavelengths. The frequency offset between the CO₂ pump center and the absorption line centers are measured using the transferred Lamb dip technique. Owing to a recent spectroscopic study of the CF₂ ³⁵Cl₂ molecule three lines may be assigned with great confidence as rotational transitions in thev ₆ vibrational band 923 cm^?1 of this main isotope.     

0.8 W optically pumped vertical external cavity surface emitting laser operating CW at 1550 nm

An InP based optically pumped vertical external cavity surface emitting laser has been designed and optimised for emission at 1550 nm. To overcome thermal limitations an intra-cavity synthetic diamond heatspreader is bonded to the gain structure. The laser produces 780 mW at -30/spl deg/C and 100 mW at 20/spl deg/C in a near Gaussian beam (M/sup 2/<1.2).     

Improved performance of 4K SRAM by means of CW laser annealing

A 4K × 1 NMOS static RAM (MM2147) has been successfully fabricated by means of CW laser annealing. The access time was reduced by 10 ns compared with a thermally annealed control with no increase in power dissipation. This report demonstrates the feasibiligy of using CW laser annealing as a potential VLSI process technology.     

Thermal limitations of CW and pulsed silicon TRAPATT diodes

The power density distribution in the avalanche zone of a TRAPATT-diode is approximated by a rectangular pulse in order to consider it as a source function in the heat equation. Heat generation is considered to be periodic, and the dissipation is taken with a thermal time constant larger than the period. The increase in frequency needs a decrease in depletion width, improving the thermal conduction to the heat sink. The power density needed increases with frequency, thus raising the maximum temperature in the depletion region with frequency. The criteria for the best performance is that the two processes of heat generation and conduction to the heat sink are to be so adjusted as to lead to a mininum rise in temperature. The steady state temperature rise in CW operation comes out to beR_{TH} cdot P_{I} cdot W_{ASF}/v_{z} cdot f, while in the pulsed case this expression is related to the maximum temperature. The maximum temperature allowable in the depletion region should be lower than that required for any failure to occur. Using these criteria the thermal limitations for CW and pulsed operations of the TRAPATT diode have been analyzed.     

Power conversion efficiency of semiconductor injection lasers and laser arrays in CW operation

In many applications it is important to optimize the power conversion efficiency of semiconductor lasers and laser arrays. A method for calculating this efficiency which takes into account temperature effects is described, and some calculated results are presented and discussed. It is found that under certain conditions, a small increase in the thermal resistance of the device can result in a large reduction of its efficiency. Temperature effects are important in high-power semiconductor lasers, and in particular in laser arrays, where low thermal resistance heat sinking may be crucial to the device operation.     

The CW optically pumped 12.08µm Raman laser theory and experiments for high power-conversion efficiency

A model is developed to predict the performance of the continuous-wave CO2-pnmped 12.08 μm NH3laser which is operated by a two-photon or Raman-like process. The local gain and pump absorption are determined from a two-wave three-level treatment based on the density matrix formalism. A ring cavity configuration is considered and interaction of the two intensities inside the cavity are described using coupled wave equations. The subsequent 12.08μm output intensity is calculated for a wide range of operational parameters (injected pump intensity, NH3gas pressure, pump frequency offset, gain length, output coupling,... ). For a well optimized system, power-conversion efficiencies of 10-30 percent should be realistically obtained by pumping with a conventional CW CO2laser. Experiments illustrating the major conclusions are described.     

Far-infrared laser action in vinyl chloride,vinyl bromide,and vinyl fluoride optically pumped by a CW N2O laser

This paper reports the first use of a N₂O laser for optically pumping vinyl halides, to obtain new cw submillimeter laser lines. Eighteen far-infrared (FIR) emissions have been observed in vinyl chloride, twenty five in vinyl bromide and thirty eight in vinyl flouride.     

Quantum mechanical features of optically pumped CW FIR lasers

Quantum mechanical predictions for the gain of an optically pumped CW FIR laser are presented for cases in which one or both of the pump and FIR transitions are pressure or Doppler broadened. The results are compared to those based on the rate equation model. Some of the quantum mechanical predictions are verified in CH3OH.     

CW performance of an InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs laterally-coupleddistributed feedback (LC-DFB) ridge laser diode

Single-mode distributed feedback (DFB) laser diodes typically require a two-step epitaxial growth or use of a corrugated substrate. We demonstrate InGaAs-GaAs-AlGaAs DFB lasers fabricated from a single epitaxial growth using lateral evanescent coupling of the optical field to a surface grating etched along the sides of the ridge. A CW threshold current of 25 mA and external quantum efficiency of 0.48 mW/mA per facet were measured for a 1 mm cavity length device with anti-reflection coated facets. Single-mode output powers as high as 11 mW per facet at 935 nm wavelength were attained. A coupling coefficient of at least 5.8 cm^-1 was calculated from the subthreshold spectrum taking into account the 2% residual facet reflectivity     

Methanol and the optically pumped far-infrared laser

New results on the generation and spectroscopic analysis of optically pumped far-infrared (FIR) laser emission from CH₃OH have been obtained as part of a systematic study of methanol isotopomers as FIR laser sources utilizing the extended line coverage available from a recently developed high-resolution CO₂ laser of high efficiency. For normal CH₃OH, six new short-wavelength lines have been found using a 2 m long Fabry-Perot FIR laser cavity. Accurate heterodyne frequency measurements are reported for 14 CH₃OH FIR laser lines, nearly all above 100 cm^-1, as well as accurate frequency offsets for most of the corresponding CO₂ pump lines. Spectroscopic assignments are presented for nine high-frequency FIR laser lines in four pump systems