滚筒干燥中烟丝停留时间预测模型

为准确预测烟丝在滚筒干燥中的停留时间,采用单因素实验的方法,利用装有12块抄板的冷态滚筒设备分别研究了滚筒转速、筒内气速、烟丝流量、滚筒倾角和烟丝含水率对停留时间的影响,建立了两种新的烟丝停留时间预测模型,并将该模型与其他3种经验预测模型进行了验证对比。结果表明:15种试验因素对停留时间均有影响。其中,滚筒转速与停留时间为指数关系,筒内气速、烟丝含水率与停留时间均为线性关系,烟丝流量与停留时间可视为线性或倒数关系,滚筒倾角与停留时间为倒数关系。2所建新模型预测结果与试验结果一致性较高,更适用于试验用冷态滚筒设备。      

工业中试装置中烟丝的滚筒传输特性

在一工业中试装置中对烟丝的滚筒传输特性进行了研究,考察了冷态稳定传输过程中烟丝流量、筒内风速、滚筒转速以及烟丝含水率对烟丝滚筒滞留量、滞留时间和轴向传输速度的影响,分析了不同条件下烟丝在滚筒内升举—抛洒单元运动时间、运动次数及运动步长的变化规律.结果表明:①筒内风速、滚筒转速和烟丝含水率对烟丝滚筒滞留时间影响显著,随筒内风速、滚筒转速的增大,烟丝滚筒滞留时间减小、轴向传输速度增加,烟丝含水率增大则使得烟丝滚筒滞留时间增加、轴向传输速度减小;②随滚筒转速、烟丝流量、烟丝含水率增大,烟丝在滚筒传输过程中经历的升举—抛洒单元运动次数增加、运动步长减小,筒内风速对烟丝在滚筒内的升举—抛洒单元运动次数和运动步长的影响与之相反.     

滚筒烘丝机中烟丝运动的模拟与试验

为研究烟丝在滚筒烘丝机中的运动状态和干燥规律,对烟丝在滚筒烘丝机内的运动过程进行了分析,在此基础上建立了烟丝运动的数学模型.通过实验对数学模型进行数值求解.计算出了烟丝滞留时间与滚筒半径、滚筒转速和滚筒倾角之间的关系以及烟丝某一时刻在滚筒中所处的空间位置,并进行了实验验证.结果表明,模拟值与测试值有较好的一致性.证明所建立的数学模型合理.     

滚筒烘丝机内烟丝滞留时间模型的建立及数值模拟

为深入研究滚筒烘丝机内部加工过程,提升卷烟产品品质,通过对烟丝在滚筒烘丝机内的运动过程进行分析,建立了滚筒烘丝机内烟丝滞留时间模型,并通过数值模拟分析了理论模型随各工艺参数的变化规律。结果表明:烟丝滞留时间随着滚筒转速、半径和倾角的增大而减小;与滚筒烘丝机的长度成正比关系;随着滚筒内介质风速的增大略有减小。各工艺参数对烟丝滞留时间的影响大小依次为倾角半径转速长度风速。通过试验验证了滚筒转速与烟丝滞留时间的变化规律,试验结果与数值模拟结果具有较好的一致性。该模型能够准确预测滚筒烘丝机内烟丝滞留时间,有助于加强烘丝过程控制,提高制丝加工品质。     

脉冲示踪法测定烟丝在滚筒加工设备中的停留时间分布

为了能够使滚筒加工设备中烟丝停留时间分布测定真实准确,选用CO2膨胀烟丝作为示踪物,通过示踪物添加量及方法重复性研究,建立了采用脉冲示踪法研究滚筒加工设备中烟丝停留时间分布的测定方法,利用CO2膨胀烟丝回收率验证了方法的准确度,并分析了滚筒转速和介质流向对烟丝停留时间分布的影响。结果表明:1该方法具有测试方法重复性好、准确度高、应用范围广的特点;2物料在滚筒中的平均停留时间随转速的增加而减少,无因次方差随着滚筒转速的增加而增大;3物料在滚筒中的平均停留时间与介质流向有关,介质顺流时物料停留时间与逆流时相比有所减少。     

基于LSTM的环境温湿度在烟丝过程中的水份分析和预测

加香机本身并没有水分控制系统,环境的温湿度对加香后的烟丝水分的稳定性有着决定性因素,如果忽视环境温湿度的影响,仅靠控制烘丝后的烟丝水分来保障成品烟丝的水分,具有一定的质量风险。为了保障加香后烟丝出口水分的稳定性,采用基于LSTM的机器学习方法,分析环境温湿度在烟丝过程中的水份散失分析和预测对加香后烟丝出口水分的影响,建立加香后烟丝含水率预测模型。通过模型求解,得出预测的环境温湿度对加香后烟丝出水率的影响趋势。最后采用模型预测值与实测值对比的方法进行检验。结果表明:LSTM模型可实现环境温湿度对水分散失影响的准确预测,预测准确率更高,泛化能力更强,能够实现对烟丝水分的精确分析和预测。     

滚筒加工设备烟丝停留时间分布的测定方法

为了能够真实准确地反映加工设备中烟丝的停留时间分布,提高烟草的加工质量并为加工设备的改进与完善提供依据,选用CO2膨胀烟丝作为示踪物,采用负阶跃示踪法研究建立了滚筒加工设备中烟丝停留时间分布的测定方法,分析了滚筒转速和固体物料流量对烟丝停留时间分布的影响规律.结果表明:①该方法具有测试时间短、重复性好的特点;②物料在滚筒中的平均停留时间和最短停留时间随转速的增加和流量的增大而减少,无因次方差随着滚筒转速的增加和流量的增大而增大.     

傅立叶变换近红外光谱仪在烟草制丝线上的应用

用在线傅立叶变换近红外光谱仪采集制丝线上的烟丝光谱,建立了在线烟丝含水率、总植物碱、总糖和总氮的数学模型。利用这些模型可以快速、准确地预测生产线上烟丝的常规化学成分含量。含水率、总植物碱、总糖和总氮的预测值与化学方法实测值的平均相对误差分别为1.1%、1.9%、2.1%和1.7%,表明应用在线傅立叶近红外光谱仪能够对制丝线上烟丝的化学成分进行快速检测和在线监控。     

傅立叶变换近红外光谱仪在制丝线上的应用

用在线傅立叶变换近红外光谱仪采集制丝线上烟丝的光谱,建立了在线烟丝含水率、总植物碱、总糖和总氮的数学模型。利用这些模型可以快速、准确地预测生产线上烟丝的这些常规化学成分含量。含水率、总植物碱、总糖和总氮的预测值与化学方法实测值的平均相对误差分别为1.1%、1.9%、2.1%和1.7%,表明应用在线傅立叶近红外光谱仪能够对制丝线上烟丝的化学成分进行快速检测和在线监控。     

基于数值仿真模拟的“五段式”加香滚筒设计

为解决传统“三段式”加香滚筒香料吸收率低等问题,采用数值仿真模拟技术,利用EDEM软件对加香滚筒内烟丝颗粒运动轨迹进行模拟,分别考察了导料板数量、混合段导料板高度和阻流段导料板轴向角度3个特征参数对滚筒内烟丝颗粒数量及停留时间的影响,并优化了烟丝抛撒路径;基于优化结果设计了“五段式”加香滚筒,并采用超声提取-气相色谱质谱联用法对引入的目标致香化合物薄荷醇和香茅醇进行定量分析。结果表明:①“五段式”滚筒与“三段式”滚筒相比,薄荷醇吸收率增幅22.56%,香茅醇吸收率增幅76.67%;改进前后各致香化合物的变异系数均在工艺质量要求的15%以内;②感官评价结果显示烟支嗅香浓郁,香气量充足,符合产品设计要求。该技术可为提升加香均匀性和香料吸收率提供支持。      

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press