Cr12MoV冷作模具钢TD处理后VC涂层的组织和性能

利用热辐射(TD)处理方法在Cr12MoV冷作模具钢表面制备了碳化钒(VC)涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、EDS分析了对涂层显微组织与结合界面V和C元素的分布,研究了VC涂层结合界冶金结合方式;用显微硬度计和划痕仪测得其表面显微硬度和结合强度,并对VC涂层在Cr12MoV冷作模具钢表面形成的微观机理进行了分析.结...     

12Cr1MoV钢蠕变损伤及恢复热处理

本文讨论了火力发电厂12CrlMoV钢主蒸汽管道的蠕变损伤。有的弯管由于局部应力较高,蠕变损伤明显。在管子使用到蠕变第三阶段初期或损伤率达0.1%之前进行恢复热处理,可以恢复合金的显微组织和蠕变性能,并延长管子使用寿命。     

形变热处理对Cr12MoV钢的变形量及碳化物的影响

研究了Ｃｒ１２ＭｏＶ钢形变热处理对其变形量和碳化物的影响,结果表明,利用锻后余热进行调质处理工艺比锻后球化退火工艺优越,采用新工艺的生产试验,提高效率５０－６０％左右。     

12Cr1MoV短期高温冲击断裂韧性及其参数的研究

针对实际运行中短期高温冲击对12Cr1MoV材料的断裂韧性及其参数的影响,根据实际工况温度的条件,对12Cr1MoV实施短期高温冲击,并通过裂纹张开位移(COD)三点弯曲实验的方法得出短期高温冲击后12Cr1MoV的断裂韧性及其参数.结果显示,经过短期高温冲击后的12Cr1MoV的材料与常温下所获得的断裂韧性及其参数具有较大的变化,说明短期高温冲击对材料的影响较大.     

Nanoindentation analysis of TiN,TiAlN,and TiAlSiN coatings prepared by cathode ion plating

The TiN,TiAlN and TiAlSiN coatings were deposited on H13 hot-worked mold steel by cathodic arc ion plating(CAIP).The morphologies,phase compositions,and nanoindentation parameters,such as creep hardness,elastic modulus and plastic deformation energy of the coatings were analyzed with field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and nanoindentation testing,respectively,and the test results were compared with equation describing the indentation model.The results show that the TiN,TiAlN and TiAlSiN coating surfaces were dense and composed of TiN,TiN + TiAlN,TiN + Si3N4 + TiAlN phases,respectively.There was no spalling or cracking on the indentation surface.The creep hardness of the TiN,TiAlN and TiAlSiN coatings was 7.33,13.5,and 15.2 GPa,respectively;the corresponding hardness measured by nanoindentation was 7.09,15.6,and 21.7 GPa,respectively;and the corresponding elastic modulus was 201.93,172.79,and 162.77 GPa,respectively.The contact depth and elastic modulus calculated by the indentation model were close to those of the test results,but the remaining indentation parameters showed discrepancies.The sequence of plastic deformation energy was TiN TiAlNTiAlSiN.     

Ni60-SiC coating prepared by plasma spraying,plasma re-melting and plasma spray welding on surface of hot forging die

In order to produce the hear-resistant inner layer of hot-forging die, plasma spraying and plasma re-melting and plasma spray welding were adopted. Substrate material was W6Mo5Cr4V2, including 10%, 20%, 30% SiC ceramic powder used as coating material to obtain different Ni-based SiC alloys coating. Micro-structure and micro-hardness analysis of the coating layer were followed, as well as thermophysical properties for the coating layer were measured. The experimental results show that the coating prepared with 70% Ni60, 30% SiC powder has best properties with plasma spray welding, in which the micro-hardness can achieve 1100 HV, meanwhile can improve the thermal property of hot-forging die dramatically.     

衬底温度对反应溅射TiN_x薄膜结构与电阻率的影响

采用反应磁控溅射方法,在不同Si(100)衬底温度下,制备出了TiNx薄膜。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对TiNx薄膜的物相、微观结构进行了表征,采用电子能谱仪(EDS)测定了TiNx薄膜的成分,运用四探针测试仪测量了TiNx薄膜的电阻率,研究了衬底温度对溅射TiNx薄膜结构与电阻率的影响。研究结果表明:衬底温度从室温升高到600℃时,随着温度升高,TiNx薄膜的(111)晶面衍射峰逐渐增强,500℃后减弱;(200)晶面衍射峰在300℃时最强,之后减弱。随着衬底温度的升高,TiNx薄膜的晶粒逐渐增大,300℃达最大后减小。随着衬底温度升高,TiNx薄膜的N/Ti原子含量比降低,200℃时降到最低为0.99,随后升高,500℃时最高为1.34,随后再次降低。N/Ti原子含量比与薄膜电阻率呈明显反比变化。     

不同络合剂对溶胶-凝胶法制备Bi_4Ti_3O_(12)粉体性能的影响

以Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和(C4H9O)4Ti为原料,分别以柠檬酸、乙酸、EDTA为络合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Bi4Ti3O12,探讨了不同络合剂对所得粉体组成和光催化性能的影响.结果表明,以柠檬酸为络合剂时,600℃煅烧即可得到均匀分布的纯相Bi4Ti3O12粉末;以乙酸为络合剂时,800℃煅烧才可得到纯相Bi4Ti3O12.但是在600℃煅烧温度下,以乙酸为络合剂的产物的光催化性能最强,经紫外光照射120 min,对罗丹明B降解率达到了84%.     

超声滚压加工参数对12Cr2Ni4A钢表面粗糙度和表面形貌的影响

为了探究超声滚压加工参数对12Cr2Ni4A钢表面性能的影响,分析主轴转速、轴向进给量、加工次数及压下量对12Cr2Ni4A钢表面粗糙度和表面形貌的影响规律。通过表面粗糙度测量仪对原始表面及加工后的表面进行测定,并选用超景三维深显微镜对12Cr2Ni4A钢表面形貌进行可视化分析。结果表明,12Cr2Ni4A钢在经过超声滚压加工后,能显著降低车削的加工痕迹,试件的表面粗糙度降低至0.2μm,表面形貌得到极大改善。     

钢轨喷雾表面综合换热系数计算方法研究

基于传热学理论,采用两点法、三点法、整体法分别计算了钢轨喷雾冷却工艺中的表面综合换热系数,将它们代入计算模型计算出了钢轨的降温曲线,并与实验值进行了比较.计算结果表明:整体法算出的综合换热系数代入计算模型计算得到的降温曲线与实验值接近,符合实际情况.     

基片预处理对CVD金刚石薄膜形核的影响

微波辅助等离子体化学气相沉积法是目前低压气相合成金刚石薄膜方法中应用最普遍、工艺最成熟的方法,形核是CVD金刚石沉积的第一步．利用微波辅助等离子体化学气相沉积装置,研究了硅基片预处理方式对金刚石薄膜形核密度的影响．在工作气压为5-8kPa,微波功率为2500—5000W,甲烷流量为4-8cm^3／min,氢气流量为200em3／min,沉积温度为500℃-850℃的条件下,在单晶Si基片上沉积金刚石薄膜．通过扫描电子显微镜形貌观察表明,基片预处理能够显著提高金刚石形核密度,同时用拉曼光谱表征了金刚石薄膜的质量,     

响应面法优化大枣枸杞复合饮料生产工艺的研究

以大枣和枸杞为原料,热水浸提制取枣汁和枸杞汁,然后以感官指标评分,采用Box-Benhnken响应面分析枣汁和枸杞汁添加比例、加酸量、加糖量3个单因素对感官值的影响,探讨大枣枸杞复合饮料的最佳生产工艺。结果表明:枸杞汁与枣汁比率为17,加酸量8.0%,加糖量0.2%,在此最优条件下,感官评分为95。     

聚己内酯（PCL）／聚乙二醇（PEG）共混物结晶过程和相分离形貌的研究

使用偏光显微镜和原子力显微镜研究了聚己内酯（PCL）／聚乙二醇（PEG）共混物的原位结晶过程以及片晶尺度上的形态结构．结果表明,PCL／PEG为热力学不相容体系;共混物中PCL占优时,PCL形成连续的球晶结构,PEG呈海岛状均匀分布在PCL球晶内部;共混物中PEG含量占优时,PCL形成连续的碎晶结构,PEG形成连续相和结构完整的球晶结构,PEG的生长速度不受PCL的分布影响．     

Cu离子交换过程对制备玻璃平面光波导特性的影响

用Cu离子交换技术,制备了soda-lime玻璃平面光波导。通过棱镜耦合技术测量了波导的有效折射率,用反WKB方法拟合得到了平面波导的折射率分布。研究发现,离子交换时间和温度2个可控的制备参数对制备的玻璃平面波导特性有较大影响,随着离子交换时间和温度的增加,波导的模式数和波导深度并非随之单调增加,波导模式数随着离子交换时间的增加先增加而后减小,而适当的离子交换时间可以使制备的波导具有最大的模式数和波导深度,且在该条件下增加离子交换温度可以提高Cu离子交换波导的蓝-绿发光强度,宽带发光中心波长在520 nm附近,发光强度取决于样品中Cu+的浓度以及Cu2+的影响。     

1Cr11MoNiW1VNbN钢盐浴渗铬性能研究

为提高超(超)临界汽轮机气缸高温螺栓的抗咬死性能,对高温螺栓材料1Cr11MoNiW1VNbN钢进行盐浴渗铬处理,利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)观察了渗层的组织,利用显微维氏硬度计和纳米硬度计分析了渗层的硬度、弹性模量和韧性,利用摩擦磨损试验机测试了渗层的耐磨性能,利用动电位极化曲线和高温氧化实验研究了渗层耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:1Cr11MoNiW1VNbN钢盐浴渗铬处理后的组织由Cr23C6和Fe-Cr铁素体(柱状晶)组成,渗层硬度和弹性模量较低,韧性较高,材料的耐磨性、耐电化学腐蚀和抗高温氧化性能得到了明显提高,这将是一种防止高温螺栓咬死的有效方法.     

Composition and hardness of mullite coatings formed with direct current power supply on LY12 aluminum alloy surface

The surface modification of aluminum and its alloys using plasma technology is increasingly being investigated, Thick ceramic coatings with high hardness on aluminum alloys can be prepared successfully using a micro-plasma oxidation （MPO） technique. In this work, the composition, microstructure and elemental distribution of ceramic coatings formed by MPO on LY 12 almnlnum alloy and its hardness are investigated using XRD, EPMA and microhardness instruments. The results show that the ceramic coatings consist of mullite,γ-Al2O3 and a lot of amorphous matter. The content of silicon in the coatings increases from interface to the coatings, however, the content of aluminum decreases along this direction. The maximum hardness of ceramic coatings is up to 9.2 GPa.     

Influence of pH on the property of apatite-type lanthanum silicates prepared by sol-gel process

The apatite-type lanthanum silicates with formula La9.33Si6O26 are prepared by sol-gel process. The homogeneity of the sol affected by pH value of the solution is investigated. The viscosity of the sols slightly increases first and then increases abruptly because the predominant reaction mechanism changes from hydrolysis reaction to condensation reaction. In addition, the onset time of the increase for the viscosity shortens from pH 1 to pH 4. The gelation time decreases with increasing pH of the solution. Therefore, the pH of the sols should be less than 4 to form gel. The sol with initial pH 2 shows maximum value of zeta potential and maximum stability. For the sample with initial pH 2, pure apatite-type lanthanum silicates La9.33Si6O26 have been successfully prepared after the dried gel is calcined at 1 000 ℃. In addition, this sample sintered at 1 550 ℃ exhibits the highest ionic conductivity. The activation energies are all less than 0.90 eV.     

益阳桃江电网“5·12”事故过程及分析

2009年5月12日,益阳桃江电网桃武线发生单相接地故障,导致正处于停电检修作业的邻近线路桃肖线接地桩头熔化．分析故障录波实时数据和故障仿真结果,认为桩头熔化是由于变电站接地电阻过大引起的,并提出了防止此类事故发生的有效措施．     

均质立杆在水平面上自由倒下过程的力学分析

对直杆沿水平面倾倒过程的3个阶段进行了受力分析与运动分析,并给出了数值解,最后提出了理论力学教学改革的3点看法．