聚精氨酸分子印迹膜修饰电极测定样品中的乙酰氨基酚

采用循环伏安法聚合精氨酸制备得到乙酰氨基酚印迹膜修饰电极(GCE)。考察了不同聚合条件进行探究,从而确定最佳聚合条件对乙酰氨基酚(ACOP)进行测定。结果表明,该印迹电极对ACOP具有较好的检测效果,在4.0×10~(-6)～9.09×10~(-5) mol/L范围内与其氧化峰电流呈一定的线性关系,最低检测浓度为8.0×10~(-7) mol/L。将此电极用于实际样品中ACOP的检测,回收率分别为98.1%、104.1%、102.0%。     

多巴胺在碳纳米管/普鲁士蓝复合膜修饰电极上的电化学行为及其选择性测定

先在玻碳电极(GCE)表面用电化学沉积法修饰普鲁士蓝(PB),然后修饰多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs),制成了碳纳米管/普鲁士蓝复合膜修饰电极(MWCNTs/PB/GCE).采用循环伏安法(CV)考察了该电极的电化学性能,发现该修饰电极对多巴胺(DA)具有良好的电催化作用和选择性,当等浓度的抗坏血酸(AA)与DA共存时,AA对DA的测定没有干扰.该方法测定多巴胺的线性范围为 5×10-6～1×10-4mol·L-1,R=0.9992,检出限可达5.0×10-7 mol·L-1(S/N=3),样品回收率在97.0%～105.7%之间.对针剂盐酸多巴胺进行测定,结果令人满意.     

基于银掺杂聚L-精氨酸修饰金电极的布洛芬药物传感器的研究

建立了一种准确简便的分析布洛芬含量的方法,在药物监测方面推广使用。采用电聚合法制备基于银掺杂聚L-精氨酸修饰金电极的布洛芬药物传感器。研究了布洛芬在修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,该传感器对布洛芬的氧化具有良好的催化作用,检出限(信噪比为3)为1.607×10-8mol/L,线性范围为1.0×10-8~1.0×10-4mol/L。该传感器的选择性高,并具有良好的重现性和稳定性。用于药物样品的测定,回收率在95.1%~103.3%之间。     

聚吖啶橙/碳纳米管修饰电极的构置及其应用

用染料吖啶橙非共价修饰碳纳米管,继而通过电聚合制得了性能优良的聚吖啶橙/碳纳米管(POAO/MWNT)修饰电极.该电极界面结构新颖,不仅具有碳纳米管独特的性质,而且能够展现出聚吖啶橙作为导电聚合物膜的性质.该修饰电极对多巴胺(DA)有优良的电催化氧化作用,催化还原峰电流与其浓度在1×10-6～5.0×10-3mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-7mol/L,可用于多巴胺针剂含量的测定.     

Nafion掺杂多壁碳纳米管固定Ru（bpy）32+的电致化学发光法检测壮观霉素的研究

利用Nafion掺杂多壁碳纳米管形成复合膜将Ru(bpy)32+固定于玻碳电极表面形成Ru(bpy)32+-N-C。基于壮观霉素对该电极电致化学发光信号的增强作用,建立了一种新的壮观霉素电致化学发光检测方法,方法的线性范围为1.0×10-5～2.0×10-4 mol.L-1,检测限为2.5×10-6 mol.L-1。该方法用于尿样中壮观霉素的测定,加标回收率在87.1%～120.2%之间。     

三聚氰胺修饰电极测定盐酸多柔比星的含量

建立了测定盐酸多柔比星(DOX)含量的新方法。采用电化学聚合方法制备并优化了三聚氰胺膜(Mel)修饰玻碳电极(GCE)。研究了DOX在PMel/GCE上的电化学行为,PMel/GCE明显催化了DOX的电化学活性。DOX在8. 00×10~(-8)～4. 0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)浓度范围内与其氧化峰电流呈线性关系,其相关系数(R)为0. 9944,检出限为8. 00×10~(-9)mol·L~(-1)。将修饰电极用于注射用DOX样品的检测,回收率为95. 0%～105. 0%。因此该方法可实现DOX含量的测定及对其药剂的质量控制。     

酰基吡唑啉酮与聚吡咯修饰玻碳电极电化学氧化氧氟沙星的行为

制得一种复合膜修饰玻碳电极HPMαFP/Ppy/GCE(HPMαFP:1-苯基-3-甲基-4-(α-呋喃甲酰基)-5-吡唑啉酮,/Ppy:聚吡咯,GCE:玻碳电极)。通过循环伏安法(CV)和脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究了氧氟沙星(OFL)在电极上的电化学行为。该修饰电极显现特定的测定氧化峰电流和高检测灵敏度。在pH=7,扫速为100mV·s-1的条件下,测试OFL的CV曲线于Ep=0.88 V出现一不可逆的氧化峰。氧化峰电流与OFL浓度在2.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系。检出限为6.5×10-8mol·L-1。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定药物野黄芩苷

采用超声波处理多壁碳纳米管,配成修饰液后滴涂于玻碳电极表面制作成多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极（MWNTs/GCE）。以循环伏安法研究了野黄芩苷在修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了一种电化学检测野黄芩苷的新方法。结果表明,在最佳条件下,野黄芩苷在4.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol.L-1浓度范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.9991。方法检出限为8.2×10-7mol.L-1（S/N=3）。连续测定4.0×10-5mol.L-1的野黄芩苷溶液,RSD为1.8%（n=11）。该方法已成功地应用于注射液和片剂中野黄芩苷的测定。     

利用聚罗丹明B薄膜修饰电极测定对乙酰氨基酚

利用循环伏安法(CV)将罗丹明B电聚合修饰于玻碳电极表面,制备出对对乙酰氨基酚(PRCT)具有良好电催化作用的聚罗丹明B薄膜修饰电极(PRhBE)。详细研究了PRhBE对PRCT电催化作用的最佳条件。结果表明,PRCT的浓度在3.31×10-7~6.62×10-5mol/L及7.94×10-4~3.31×10-2mol/L范围内与峰电流分段呈良好的线性关系;检测限可达1.65×10-7mol/L。相对标准偏差不大于1.5%,回收率在95.6%~105.4%之间,可用于实际样品中PRCT的定量分析。     

Nafion掺杂多壁碳纳米管固定Ru（bpy）3^2＋的电致化学发光法检测壮观霉素的研究

利用Nafion掺杂多壁碳纳米管形成复合膜将Ru（bpy）32＋固定于玻碳电极表面形成Ru（bpy）32＋-N-C。基于壮观霉素对该电极电致化学发光信号的增强作用,建立了一种新的壮观霉素电致化学发光检测方法,方法的线性范围为1.0×10-5～2.0×10-4 mol.L-1,检测限为2.5×10-6 mol.L-1。该方法用于尿样中壮观霉素的测定,加标回收率在87.1%～120.2%之间。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。