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在超声衍射时差(time of flight diffraction,TOFD)法检测获取的回波中,作为固定存在的侧向直通波信号会导致近表面缺陷信号不易于识别. 针对这一问题,提出一种基于自适应滤波技术的杂波信号抑制方法. 该方法通过迭代滤波器自身参数,调节参考信号以满足待处理回波中杂波的时基抖动变化要求,并予以去除,从而分离出与其混叠的近表面缺陷信号. 阐明了基于自适应滤波技术的杂波信号抑制原理,并利用所提方法对计算机仿真信号及人工缺陷检测回波进行了杂波抑制处理. 结果表明,所提方法可有效滤除超声TOFD法检测回波中具有时基抖动特性的杂波信号,并提取近表面缺陷信号. 相似文献
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针对常规超声TOFD(time of flight diffraction,衍射时差)法存在超声衍射声场能量低、检测回波信号弱的问题,提出一种线聚焦超声TOFD焊接缺陷识别方法. 基于几何声学理论,根据所需主轴声线折射角度及聚焦深度,设计线聚焦超声TOFD法所用的声楔块. 通过铝合金板人工缺陷试件的检测,研究线聚焦法的检测灵敏度;通过铝合金板搅拌摩擦焊试件的检测,验证线聚焦法的有效性. 结果表明,和常规方法相比较,相同测试条件下线聚焦超声TOFD法的检测灵敏度更高,采集的图像具有更好的对比度,同时能较好地保持图像边缘. 所提新方法在改善缺陷分辨力、提高缺陷检出率及降低漏检等方面具有很好的使用价值. 相似文献
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针对铝合金厚板焊缝中易于出现的几种典型的面状缺陷,研究了其超声衍射时间差法(TOFD—time of flight diffraction)的检测特征,对获得的A扫描信号和B、D扫描图像的特征进行了分析和解释,并对B、D扫描图像进行了线性化处理。结果表明,结合A扫描信号和B、D扫描图像的特征,能够有效地对面状缺陷进行识别、定位和定量。线性化处理技术有效地提高了图像的时间分辨力,使面状缺陷的信号和图像的特征更明显,进而使定位定量更为精确。 相似文献
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超声TOFD检测信号中混入的无关噪声常导致从检测图像中难以分辨缺陷特征。本研究通过小波包分解技术分析缺陷衍射波特征信号的时、频域分布特征,采用小波包统一阈值对超声TOFD检测信号进行降噪处理,对比软、硬阈值函数对检测信号的降噪结果。研究结果表明:采用软、硬阈值对长度10 mm、深度5 mm的裂纹缺陷信号降噪,其信噪比由原始的22.88 dB分别提高至186.66、176.65 dB,对长度28 mm、深度8 mm的夹杂缺陷信号降噪,其信噪比由原始的16.62 dB分别提高至33.74、28.16 dB;基于小波包软、硬阈值去噪后信号进行图像重构可有效抑制干扰条纹并提高缺陷特征图像的分辨力,而采用软阈值法几乎完全去除了原始超声TOFD检测图像中的噪声条纹。 相似文献
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Hyunjo Jeong 《NDT & E International》2009,42(3):210-214
Time reversal (TR) of ultrasonic bulk waves in fluids and isotropic solids has been used in many applications including ultrasonic NDE. However, the study of the TR method for anisotropic materials is not well established. In this paper, the full reconstruction of the input signal is investigated for anisotropic media using an analytical formulation, called a modular Gaussian beam (MGB) model. The time reversal operation of this model in the frequency domain is performed by taking the complex conjugate of the Gaussian amplitude and phase received at the TR mirror position. A narrowband reference signal having a particular frequency and number of cycles is then multiplied and the whole signal is inverse Fourier transformed to obtain the time domain signal. The original input signal is seen to be fully restored by the TR process of MGB model and this model can be more generalized to simulate the spatial and temporal focusing effects due to TR process in anisotropic materials. 相似文献
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为了辅助焊接缺陷超声检测的逆问题分析,通过建立仿真模型,对面状缺陷的超声检测信号进行仿真预测并对检测图像进行正演合成. 首先采用多高斯声束理论对声波在楔块、界面及被检测试件中的传播过程进行描述;其次采用Kirchhoff近似理论描述声场和面状缺陷的作用结果,制作了底面开口槽作为面状人工缺陷,并进行超声检测. 同时对人工缺陷超声检测的一维信号进行仿真预测,并正演合成二维图像. 将实际检测结果和模拟仿真结果进行比较,验证仿真模型对检测结果预测的有效性. 结果表明,正演合成图像和实际检测图像具有很好的一致性,所建立的仿真模型可辅助焊接缺陷超声检测逆问题分析. 相似文献
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匹配追踪方法在超声检测信号去噪中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
超声检测中回波信号的噪声抑制对于正确分析材料的内部属性至关重要。匹配追踪方法把信号表示成与其结构匹配波形(原子)的线性展开。它能够自适应提取和原子相关的信号结构。从而实现了噪声抑制。超声信号处理中,根据回波特点,采用与其结构相似的Gabor原子。能够有效匹配超声信号中的回波信息。分别对不同信噪比下的仿真信号和试验信号用Gabor原子库进行匹配追踪方法去噪处理。并和小波去噪效果进行了比较。试验结果表明。利用该方法进行超声信号去噪处理能取得比小波去噪更好的效果。 相似文献
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超声图像的小波去噪及多尺度边缘提取 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
提出与超声成像图像适应的小波统计域去噪和多尺度边缘提取结合的缺陷识别方法。在目前存在的多种分析模型基础上,根据统一的尺度一空间分析广泛图像小波分解系数的模型框架,结合概率模型,利用软门限和经典维纳估计方法压制噪声。通过不同信号在多尺度分析中的不同动态特性,提取表示缺陷特征的图像信号。 相似文献
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In recent years, much attention has been paid to the use of Lamb waves for structural health monitoring. This choice is prompted by the high speed of Lamb wave inspection, although their dispersive nature can complicate the interpretation of results, especially when dealing with closely-spaced reflectors. In this paper, the objective is to improve the time resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of signals obtained from inspection of plates by the S0 Lamb mode. The signal processing scheme used is based on deconvolution of the measured signal by Wiener filtering, followed by autoregressive spectral extrapolation. The deconvolution technique is applied to signals obtained from finite element models and also to experimentally measured signals; both sets of data are based on plates with various types of notch discontinuities. Using this technique, the separation distance between adjacent notches was estimated with high accuracy in both simulated and experimental ultrasonic signals. 相似文献
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A.N. Sinclair J. Fortin B. Shakibi F. Honarvar M. Jastrzebski M.D.C. Moles 《NDT & E International》2010,43(3):258-264
A signal processing technique is presented for significantly sharpening the resolution of ultrasonic images, similar to those acquired in the nondestructive evaluation of girth welds in oil/gas pipelines. This enhancement allows a much improved estimate of the exact size of any detected anomaly in the weld, such that fracture mechanics can be used to gauge the probability of weld failure. The algorithm is based on the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT), combined with a variation of Wiener filtering and autoregressive spectral extrapolation. An analytical model of the transducer is used to construct an appropriate reference spectrum for the deconvolution operation, and accounts for the dependence of a beam's frequency spectrum on the position of a flaw relative to the transmitter. Experimental results are used to provide an estimate of the improvement in flaw sizing accuracy. 相似文献
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基于数字信号处理器的超声无损检测 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
介绍数字信号处理器(DSP)的结构、特点及其在超声无损检测中的应用。从DSP在超声无损检测中的两个应用实例可以看出,DSP对于提高信噪比和分辨力,实现检测的实时处理等是非常有效的。 相似文献