高效氟吡甲禾灵原药的正相高效液相色谱分析

[目的]建立一种用手性柱分离的正相高效液相色谱测定高效氟吡甲禾灵原药的定量分析方法。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法,使用AD-H Chiralcel手性色谱柱,以正庚烷与异丙醇(体积比98∶2)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,紫外检测器检测波长为280 nm,对高效氟吡甲禾灵原药进行分离和测定。[结果]当高效氟吡甲禾灵绝对进样量在0.5~12μg时,高效氟吡甲禾灵的线性相关系数为1.0000,标准偏差为0.29;变异系数为0.30%,平均回收率为99.8%。[结论]该方法准确、快速、分离效果好,适合于高效氟吡甲禾灵原药的定量分析。     

25%嗪草酮·高效氟吡甲禾灵·砜嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂高效液相色谱分析

[目的]建立一种对25%嗪草酮·高效氟吡甲禾灵·砜嘧磺隆可分散油悬浮剂进行分离和测定的高效液相色谱分析方法。[方法]采用ZORBAX SB-C18反相柱,以甲醇和水(0.1%磷酸水溶液)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min,在254 nm条件下对试样中的嗪草酮、高效氟吡甲禾灵和砜嘧磺隆同时进行定量分析。[结果]经分析方法验证,嗪草酮、高效氟吡甲禾灵和砜嘧磺隆的线性相关系数分别为0.9995、0.9999、1,标准偏差分别为0.057、0.033、0.005,变异系数分别为0.26%、0.64%、0.32%,平均回收率分别为100.2%、99.7%、100.5%。[结论]该方法简便、快速、分离效果好,适用于复配制剂中嗪草酮、高效氟吡甲禾灵和砜嘧磺隆的定量分析。     

高效液相色谱法测定精吡氟氯禾灵的含量

应用甲醇/0.1%三氟乙酸水溶液为流动相,在其体积比率为85:15的条件下,在OB-H色谱柱上,建立了精吡氟氯禾灵的手性体含量测定的高效液相色谱分析方法.通过加入回收实验,精吡氟氯禾灵平均回收率达99.84%,且数据的稳定性和重现性较好.     

高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油的高效液相色谱分析

建立了一种用高效液相色谱测定高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油的分析方法.采用CHIRALCEL OJ-H,250 mm×4.6 mm,5 um不锈钢柱,以正己烷-异丙醇溶液为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,在278 nm波长下,对高效氟吡甲禾灵进行定量分析.线性相关系数为0.999 99,标准偏差0.068,变异系数为0.64％,平均回收率100.6％.该方法具有快速、简便、精密度和准确度高、线性关系好的优点,是较理想的分析方法.     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定水稻中丙炔(口恶)草酮、吡氟酰草胺和二甲戊灵的残量

[目的]建立了在水稻植株、稻壳和糙米中同时测定丙炔[口恶]草酮、吡氟酰草胺和二甲戊灵3种农药的高效液相色谱串联质谱分析方法,为我国制定吡氟酰草胺在糙米上的最大残留限量提供数据依据,同时为这3种农药在水稻植株、糙米和稻壳上的残留监测提供依据。[方法]样品通过含甲酸的乙腈提取,QuEChERS法净化,C18色谱柱分离,以(0.1%甲酸+5 mmol/L乙酸铵)水-甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,高效液相色谱串联质谱分析。[结果]丙炔[口恶]草酮、吡氟酰草胺和二甲戊灵在植株中的添加水平为0.01、0.1、0.5 mg/kg,在稻壳和糙米中的添加水平为0.005、0.01、0.1、0.5 mg/kg,丙炔[口恶]草酮水稻植株、稻壳和糙米的平均回收率分别为88.2%~98.7%、74.1%~88.2%和92.4%~97.8%,相对标准偏差分别为1.7%~4.6%、2.3%~5.8%、1.5%~4.8%;吡氟酰草胺在水稻植株,稻壳和糙米的平均回收率分别为90.3%~99.0%、78.1%~96.0%和92.8%~97.9%,相对标准偏差分别为1.0%~4.8%、4.4%~6.6%、1.4%~4.6%;二甲戊灵在水稻植株,稻壳和糙米的平均回收率分别为88.0%~94.5%、89.1%~98.1%和90.6%~92.6%,相对标准偏差分别为2.6%~4.5%、2.5%~4.8%、1.9%~5.6%。该方法中丙炔[口恶]草酮、吡氟酰草胺和二甲戊灵最低检出限分别为0.01、0.005、0.005 mg/kg。[结论]该方法灵敏度、准确度、精密度能满足水稻中丙炔草酮、吡氟酰草胺和二甲戊灵的残留检测要求,而且快速简便。     

蔬菜中氟吡甲禾灵残留物的测试方法

[目的]氟吡甲禾灵作为高毒高残农药的取代品种而在蔬菜等作物上大量使用,会加大残留量超标的风险,建立氟吡甲禾灵的残留测试方法显得尤为重要。[方法]氟吡甲禾灵经乙腈提取,固相萃取柱净化,通过配置电子捕获检测器的气相色谱仪进行检测。[结果]方法的最低检出质量分数为5×10-3mg/kg,回收率为70%~120%。[结论]方法的回收率、精密度等符合我国农产品安全检测标准的要求,同时其操作简便,易于推广。     

高效液相色谱法测定三氟甲吡醚原药

[目的]建立测定三氟甲吡醚原药的高效液相色谱方法。[方法]以乙腈-水为流动相,采用Agilent Extend-C18色谱柱,在230 nm检测波长下,对三氟甲吡醚原药进行定量分析。[结果]在20.0~500 mg/L质量浓度范围内,三氟甲吡醚的线性相关系数为0.999 91,标准偏差为0.35,变异系数为0.37%,平均回收率为100.25%。[结论]该方法简便,线性关系良好且线性范围较广,具有较高精密度和准确度,适合用于三氟甲吡醚原药的定量分析。     

高效液相色谱法测定氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯的含量

[目的]建立一种高效液相色谱测定氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯含量的分析方法。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法,使用ZORBAX SB C18色谱柱,以甲醇-水(体积比80∶20)为流动相,流速为1 mL/min,在235 nm波长下氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯进行定量分析。[结果]当氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯质量浓度在120～660 mg/L范围内,方法的线性相关系数为1,标准偏差为0.27,变异系数为0.27%,平均回收率为99.7%。[结论]方法准确、快速,适用于氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯的定量分析。     

草铵膦与高效氟吡甲禾灵复配对一年生禾本科杂草的联合作用和非耕地除草效果研究

为明确草铵膦、高效氟吡甲禾灵联合作用效果和15%草铵膦·高效氟吡甲禾灵ME对非耕地一年生禾本科杂草的防治效果,采用茎叶喷雾法测定了2种除草剂室内联合作用试验,并对筛选的15%草铵膦·高效氟吡甲禾灵ME进行了田间药效试验。草铵膦、高效氟吡甲禾灵以9∶1复配对非耕地一年生禾本科杂草的联合作用较好,15%草铵膦·高效氟吡甲禾灵ME的推荐使用剂量为337.5~450 g a.i./hm~2,药后30 d对非耕地一年生禾本科杂草的总体防效可达到96.3%~98.5%。草铵膦、高效氟吡甲禾灵复配互补性强,对牛筋草等一年生禾本科杂草增效作用明显,15%草铵膦·高效氟吡甲禾灵ME能够有效防除非耕地一年生禾本科杂草。     

氟噻唑吡乙酮原药的高效液相色谱分析

[目的]建立一种高效液相色谱测定氟噻唑吡乙酮原药的定量分析方法。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法,使用COSMOSIL Packed Column 5 C_(18)-AR-Ⅱ色谱柱,以乙腈-水(体积比65:35)为流动相,紫外检测器检测波长为260 nm,对氟噻唑吡乙酮原药进行分离和测定。[结果]当氟噻唑吡乙酮质量浓度为10.0~1000 mg/L时,氟噻唑吡乙酮的线性相关系数为0.999 868,标准偏差为0.15,变异系数为0.16%,平均回收率为99.95%。[结论]该方法准确、快速、分离效果好,适合于氟噻唑吡乙酮原药的定量分析。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。