KMDL® Eine semiformale Beschreibungssprache zur Modellierung von Wissenskonversionen

KMDL® A semiformal approach to model knowledge conversions Knowledge Management is still assigned to IT departments and therefore strongly driven by technical aspects. The so developed knowledge management applications are seldom integrated into the business processes within the organization. Therefore these knowledge management systems are rarely accepted permanently. The presented method for modeling and analyzing of knowledge intensive processes allows to identify the creation and use of knowledge within the business process and therefore allows to deduce suggestions for improvement. Thereby it becomes possible to integrate the knowledge of the employees into the value chain and achieve competitive advantage.     

A view framework for modeling and change validation of artifact-centric inter-organizational business processes

Over the past several years, more efficient approaches have been on increasing demands for designing, modeling, and implementing inter-organizational business processes. In the process collaboration across organizational boundaries, organizations still stay autonomic, which means each organization can freely modify its internal operations to meet its private goals while satisfying the mutual objectives with its partners. Recently, artifact-centric process modeling has been evidenced with higher flexibility in process modeling and execution than traditional activity-centric modeling methods. Although some efforts have been put to exploring how artifact-centric modeling facilitates the collaboration between organizations, the achievement is still far from satisfaction level, particularly in aspects of process modeling and validating. To fill in the gaps, we propose a view framework for modeling and validating the changes of inter-organizational business processes. The framework consists of an artifact-centric process meta-model, public view constructing mechanism, and private view and change validating mechanisms, which are specially designed to facilitate the participating organizations to customize their internal operations while ensuring the correctness of the collaborating processes. We also implement a software tool named Artifact-M to help organizations to automatically construct a minimal and consistent public view from their processes.     

A systematic literature review of studies on business process modeling quality

ContextBusiness process modeling is an essential part of understanding and redesigning the activities that a typical enterprise uses to achieve its business goals. The quality of a business process model has a significant impact on the development of any enterprise and IT support for that process.ObjectiveSince the insights on what constitutes modeling quality are constantly evolving, it is unclear whether research on business process modeling quality already covers all major aspects of modeling quality. Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine the state of the art on business process modeling quality: What aspects of process modeling quality have been addressed until now and which gaps remain to be covered?MethodWe performed a systematic literature review of peer reviewed articles as published between 2000 and August 2013 on business process modeling quality. To analyze the contributions of the papers we use the Formal Concept Analysis technique.ResultsWe found 72 studies addressing quality aspects of business process models. These studies were classified into different dimensions: addressed model quality type, research goal, research method, and type of research result. Our findings suggest that there is no generally accepted framework of model quality types. Most research focuses on empirical and pragmatic quality aspects, specifically with respect to improving the understandability or readability of models. Among the various research methods, experimentation is the most popular one. The results from published research most often take the form of intangible knowledge.ConclusionWe believe there is a lack of an encompassing and generally accepted definition of business process modeling quality. This evidences the need for the development of a broader quality framework capable of dealing with the different aspects of business process modeling quality. Different dimensions of business process quality and of the process of modeling still require further research.     

A policy-based authorization model for workflow-enabled dynamic process management

Although workflow has been widely used to support the modeling and execution of business process, the majority of current workflow management systems are not designed and suited for supporting dynamic business processes. One of the deficiencies is the inability to model realistically the organization of an enterprise to manage the dynamic human-centric business processes. A framework for workflow-enabled dynamic business process management is described in the paper. It includes an organizational model and an authorization model for supporting dynamic business processes. More specifically, authorization policies are expressed in an SQL-like language which can be easily rewritten into query sentences for execution. In addition, the framework supports dynamic integration and execution of multiple access control polices from disparate enterprise resources. Finally, a prototype implementation of the dynamic business process management framework is described.     

工作流模型研究述评

工作流管理系统由于能够对业务过程进行建模和控制而得到广泛采用,工作流模型则是工作流管理系统理论研究和实际应用的基础.概括了工作流模型的主要研究内容,从建模方法、理论基础等方面对工作流模型的研究现状进行了综述,分析了现有工作流模型存在的不足,探讨了工作流模型的发展趋势,最后进行了总结.     

基于工作流的知识流建模与控制

知识在多个参与者之间的产生、传播与应用称为知识流.在知识密集型组织中,对业务过程的控制和对知识资产的管理具有紧密的依赖关系.工作流管理是实现业务过程控制的重要技术.当前的工作流过程元模型不支持对知识管理机制的表示.为此,提出了一个扩展的工作流过程元模型,以支持业务过程控制与知识管理的集成.在此基础上,对知识流的建模与控制进行了深入的研究.提出了一种知识流建模方法,通过5类知识流单元对知识传递与重用、人员协作与交流进行表示.针对知识流中的动态因素,研究了基于资源约束、知识需求变化和时间约束的知识流控制方法,以实现自适应的知识流控制,并给出了有关算法.为工作流技术与知识管理技术的有效结合提供了一个有益的途径.     

工作流管理系统WFlow中协同建模工具的研究

在传统的工作流管理系统中建模工具一般只支持单用户工作,工作流模型由专业建模人员来建立。随着工作流管理系统应用领域和应用规模的不断扩大,其所管理的企业业务流程已不可能只局限在企业中的一个小部门内部,而是一些跨部门跨企业的业务流程,这些流程只靠单个专业 建模人员已经很难完成其工作流模型的建立,它需要不同人员的分工合作,充分利用各自的专业知识共同来完成其工作流模型的建立。为此,开发了工作流管理系统－－Wflow,就其协同建模工具进行了研讨。     

面向业务过程管理的Agent平台的设计及实现

业务过程管理能够支持企业业务流程优化运行,因而日益成为学术界和工业界研究和开发的重点.目前绝大多数的业务过程管理系统都是在传统的工作流管理系统基础上的扩展,因而具有适应性能力不强等缺点.介绍了一个面向业务过程管理的Agent平台,它包含了Agent的建模工具和运行环境.对该Agent的模型、相关工具和环境的实现方法进行了说明.该平台能够方便地支持面向业务过程管理的Agent的构造,并提供了求解业务问题的能力.     

基于Pi演算的跨组织工作流建模研究

传统的工作流建模方法主要用于描述组织内部流程,因而难以描述跨组织工作流面向流程、组合、抽象、涉及多个自治系统通信合作的新特点.针对此问题,提出了一种基于Pi演算的跨组织工作流建模方法,利用Pi演算的并发计算操作符,将跨组织业务流程建模为一组自治且并发执行的组织内子流程的组合,子流程建模为组织内本地流程定义和组织间控制约束的组合.基于Pi演算的弱互相似理论,验证了两个跨组织子流程外部行为的相等性,用于帮助组织内私有流程的外部抽象.基于该方法建立的跨组织工作流模型在子流程间建立了一种松耦合的关系,适用于动态的跨组织环境,同时基于严格的形式化方法,便于分析和验证.     

A model-driven ERP environment with search facilities

Traditional business models are primarily used in the initial phases of BPR or enterprise resource planning projects. They are static representations of systems requirements and business procedures, but have proven less useful in supporting the actual use of the systems. With the model-driven business management (MDBM) approach, dynamic and adaptable business models constructed as part of the implementation project are afterwards used to access the system and monitor the real business flows. In this paper, we present the linguistic aspects of the MDBM approach and discuss how the linguistic part and the modeling part of MDBM mutually support each other.     

基于WfPN的业务流程重组

工作流管理技术在企业的业务流程重组和业务流程自动化中扮演重要角色。它提供了一系列工具来建立、分析、仿真和实施业务流程,按照工作流管理联盟的规范自主开发了AutoFlow工作流管理系统,其中工作流建模方法是整个系统的核心基础。在此,提出了一种基于Petri网的工作流建模理论－WfPN模型,并描述如何将业务流程映射成WfPN(workflow Petri net)模型,WfPN可以作为工作流系统流程建模的理论基础,为业务流程的自动化和BPR的计算机实施铺平道路。     

基于Petri网的工作流过程建模

业务过程建模是整个工作流管理系统的基础,选择一种高效的建模技术对复杂多变的实际业务流程进行形式化表示对构建一个灵活的工作流管理系统起着至关重要的作用。本文利用了Petri网技术给业务过程建模,构造了一个灵活可分析的过程模型：首先介绍了相关的基于Petri网的工作流建模技术,接着描述了Petri网到工作流过程模型执行的映 射,然后给出了一个具体的基于Petri网建模方式的实例,最后利用随机Petri网和概率论的一些知识对该模型进行了时间性能分析。     

Activity-based OO business modeling and control

The paper considers how process modeling can help you control or assess the impact of changes to a software process. It discusses business modeling for control, change management, object oriented business modeling and an industry case study     

A survey of modeling for prognosis and health management of industrial equipment

Prognosis and health management plays an important role in the control of costs associated with operating large industrial equipment, such as wind turbines and aircraft. It is only fair that engineers and scientists have vastly researched modeling approaches to support decision making. Motivated by the growing availability of data and computational power as well as the advances in algorithms and methods, modeling frameworks often merge elements of physics, machine learning, and statistical learning. In this paper, we present a review on modeling in support of prognosis and health management of industrial equipment. This survey complements the existing prognosis and health management literature by discussing how modeling strategies are influenced by industry-specific aspects such as maintenance approaches (e.g., reactive, proactive, and predictive), implementation factors (e.g., industry, business model, purpose, development, and deployment), as well as supporting technologies (sensing, repair, and modeling itself). We use the onshore wind energy and civil aviation industries to illustrate how these aforementioned aspects can influence modeling and implementation of prognosis and health management. The literature review is broad and covers contributions over the past 40 years. We close the paper with few topics that can motive research going forward.     

Authorization and Access Control of Application Data in Workflow Systems

Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) are used to support the modeling and coordinated execution of business processes within an organization or across organizational boundaries. Although some research efforts have addressed requirements for authorization and access control for workflow systems, little attention has been paid to the requirements as they apply to application data accessed or managed by WfMSs. In this paper, we discuss key access control requirements for application data in workflow applications using examples from the healthcare domain, introduce a classification of application data used in workflow systems by analyzing their sources, and then propose a comprehensive data authorization and access control mechanism for WfMSs. This involves four aspects: role, task, process instance-based user group, and data content. For implementation, a predicate-based access control method is used. We believe that the proposed model is applicable to workflow applications and WfMSs with diverse access control requirements.     

基于高级Pet r i 网的BPR 过程建模与仿真

针对BPR实施中的过程优化问题,从实用、可行的角度探索基于高级Petri网的模型,运用计算机仿真手段确定BPR方案,首先介绍并细化化基于高级Petri网的面向BPR的流程模型（BPR-PN）,然后设计并探讨自顶而下的BPR流程建模方法与步骤,最后探讨了基于BPR-PN的流程仿真方法、仿真过程管理及仿真数据分析。     

Log-based transactional workflow mining

A continuous evolution of business process parameters, constraints and needs, hardly foreseeable initially, requires a continuous design from the business process management systems. In this article we are interested in developing a reactive design through process log analysis ensuring process re-engineering and execution reliability. We propose to analyse workflow logs to discover workflow transactional behaviour and to subsequently improve and correct related recovery mechanisms. Our approach starts by collecting workflow logs. Then, we build, by statistical analysis techniques, an intermediate representation specifying elementary dependencies between activities. These dependencies are refined to mine the transactional workflow model. The analysis of the discrepancies between the discovered model and the initially designed model enables us to detect design gaps, concerning particularly the recovery mechanisms. Thus, based on this mining step, we apply a set of rules on the initially designed workflow to improve workflow reliability. The work presented in this paper was partially supported by the EU under the SUPER project (FP6-026850) and by the Lion project supported by Science Foundation Ireland under Grant No. SFI/02/CE1/I131.     

面向方面业务流程建模中的方面追踪

降低模型的复杂度在业务流程管理(BPM)领域是一个关键的问题。面向方面的业务流程建模主张从主流程中分离出不同的关注点,并单独建模,然后通过一定的编织机制组合方面与主流程。但如何验证方面织入对主流程的影响,是一个亟待解决的问题。基于Petri网提出并实现了面向方面业务流程建模中的方面追踪方法,并用一个银行业务流程的案例来验证了所提出的方法。     

Components of a multi-perspective modeling method for designing and managing IT security systems

Information technology (IT) security design and management are a major concern and substantial challenge for IT management. Today’s highly complex business and technological environments and the need to effectively communicate and justify IT security requirements and controls demand methodical support. The modeling method presented in this paper addresses this demand. The method is based on the assumption that enriched enterprise models integrating technological, business, organizational and strategic aspects provide an effective foundation for developing and managing IT security systems and facilitating communication and understanding between stakeholders. The proposed modeling method for designing and managing IT security in organizations accounts for different perspectives and is based on multi-perspective enterprise modeling. The core components of the method, based on analysis of requirements at different levels of abstraction, are: modeling language concepts specifically designed to address security issues, process models that guide the use of the resulting language, and a modeling environment. The method facilitates elaborate representations of the various aspects of IT security at different levels of abstraction and covers the entire lifecycle of IT security systems. It not only supports multi-perspective requirement analysis and design but also enables monitoring and analysis of IT security at runtime. The presented artifact is evaluated with recourse to a research method that enables the configuration of multi-criteria justification procedures.     

多Agent流程协同建模研究

流程建模是企业变化管理的基础，企业的网络化，分布化导致流程的复杂化，这给传统的企业建模提出了挑战，基于网络的群组流程建模是有效的解决方法，本质上讲群组建模是群决策的过程，分布式群体决策支持系统的发展为群组建模提供了技术保障，该文给出了一种流程的协同建模系统，为辅助建模小组一致地交流，系统采用了agent技术协调。