锌掺杂对In2O3电导和气敏性能的影响

用化学共沉淀法制备了Zn2+掺杂的In2O3微粉,研究了Zn2+对In2O3电导和气敏性能的影响.结果表明ZnO与In2O3间可形成有限固溶体In2-xZnxO3(0≤x≤0.10);Znin×缺陷电离的空穴对导带电子的湮灭,使固溶体电导变得很小;In1.95Zn0.05O3元件在223℃工作温度下对C2H5OH有很高灵敏度和良好的选择性,有望开发为一类新型酒精敏感材料.     

CoAl2O4/Al2O3纳米复合陶瓷的结构与表征

利用溶胶-凝胶方法制备了的CoAl2O4/Al2O3纳米复合陶瓷,并用X-ray分析(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)和扫描电镜分析(SEM)对其结构进行了分析.结果表明,随Al2O3含量增多,CoAl2O4尖晶石相从CoAl2O4/Al2O3凝胶中的析晶温度升高.SEM形貌也说明,随Al2O3含量增多,CoAl2O4/Al2O3陶瓷中形成一定的层状结构.     

Zn2+掺杂BiFeO3粉体的制备及其可见光光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Zn2+掺杂BiFeO3光催化剂,利用XRD、SEM、UV-Vis DRS以及PPMS等分析技术对其进行表征,以甲基橙溶液为降解物,考察了Zn2+∶BiFeO3的可见光光催化活性。结果表明:当Zn2+的掺杂量为1%(质量分数)时能有效提高BiFeO3的催化活性,可见光辐照10h后甲基橙溶液的脱色率达47.3%。     

水热合成温度与保温时间对纳米COAl2O4色料性能的影响

以CoCl2·6H2O和AlCl3为原料,NaOH为沉淀剂,采用水热法合成尖品石型纳米钻蓝色料.主要研究合成温度和保温时间对CoAl2O4色料主晶相、呈色的影响,采用XRD,TEM,FTIR,TG-DTA分光光度计等分析测试技术对合成产物进行表征.结果表明,在245℃/20h能制备出纯度较高的纳米CoAl2O4,其晶型完整、粒度均匀,粒径多为70nm左右,此时的色饱和度和色度值也达最佳.     

退火对Cr3+离子掺杂Al2O3薄膜的结构及发光性能影响

用脉冲激光沉积技术在Si(100)基底上制备了纯Al2O3、掺杂浓度为0.3%、1%(质量分数)的Cr3+∶Al2O3薄膜。制备态的薄膜为立方γ-Al2O3结构,经800℃真空条件下退火1h样品的结晶度有所提高,呈现α-Al2O3相与γ-Al2O3相的衍射峰。薄膜基本保持了靶材中原有各元素成分比例,平均粒径为250nm,形貌为条形。与Al2O3粉体相比,制备态薄膜在386nm处的发光峰强度明显提高。这可归因于薄膜中氧空位的增加使双氧空位吸收电子所产生的F2+色心浓度提高。薄膜经真空退火后在332、398nm附近的发光峰强度明显增强,这是由于薄膜中氧空位的增加提高了F+、F色心浓度。与此同时,制备态薄膜在386nm附近发光峰经退火后由386nm蓝移至381nm,可归因于退火后制备态薄膜的内应力得到了释放。1%(质量分数)Cr3+掺杂薄膜在646、694nm出现Cr3+离子由4 T2能级跃迁至4 A2能级及由E-能级跃迁至4 A2能级产生的荧光发光峰。     

Tb3+掺杂对Sr2CeO4∶Eu3+发光性能的影响

以尿素为燃料硼酸为助熔剂,采用燃烧法合成了Sr2CeO4∶Eu3+、Tb3+发光材料。测试结果表明,当Tb3+的掺杂为1%(摩尔分数)时,合成的样品为单相Sr2CeO4斜方晶系结构,其样品的激发光谱为240～370nm的宽带双峰,发射光谱为400～550nm宽带峰,余辉衰减曲线的结果显示,适量的掺杂Tb3+可以提高产品的发光性能。与Sr2CeO4∶Eu3+相比,掺杂Tb3+有利于形成结晶度好的固溶体,样品的发光强度明显提高。     

MgGa2O4∶Cr3+,Al3+近红外发光长余辉纳米粒子的制备及发光性能研究

利用乙二醇辅助共沉淀法,制备了小尺寸近红外发光Al³⁺共掺杂镓酸镁(MgGa₂O₄)∶0.3%Cr³⁺(MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺,Al³⁺)长余辉发光纳米粒子(PLNP),考察了Al³⁺掺杂对MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺晶体结构和光学性质的影响。研究结果表明,Al³⁺掺杂对MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺的晶体结构无影响,但能提高MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺的发光强度。当Al³⁺掺杂量为0.4%(摩尔分数)时,MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺,0.4%Al³⁺(Al³⁺、Cr³⁺相对于Ga³⁺的物质的量比,摩尔分数)PLNP发光强度最强,余辉平均发光寿命从46.98s(MGO∶0.3%Cr³⁺)增大至78.75s(MGO...     

金属Ag对NiFe2O4尖晶石性能的影响

制备了不同金属Ag含量的Ag-NiFe2O4金属陶瓷,利用扫描电子显微镜观察显微组织,由X射线衍射分析化学成分,研究了Ag的添加量对其体积密度、气孔率、热震性、导电率以及腐蚀速率的影响,试验结果表明,抗热震性和导电能力随着Ag含量的增加而增强,导电率的提高和腐蚀率的增大仍是一对突出的矛盾.单一通过添加金属Ag不可能使导电率和腐蚀率都满足要求.     

球形尖晶石LiMn2O4的制备及其改性

通过制备球形高密度前驱体MnCO3, 并对其预烧, 得到球形高密度、高活性的尖晶石LiMn2O4, 密度>1.8·cm-3, 纯相初始容量达125mAh·g-1.通过对前驱体MnCO3的体相掺杂和对预烧产品Mn2O3的表面包覆, 制备得到体相掺杂和表相掺杂的尖晶石锂锰氧, 其循环及高温性能得到明显改善.与体相掺杂相比, 表相掺杂能更有效地抑制容量衰减, 常温100个循环仍有109mAh·g-1, 容量保持率为92.4%; 高温55℃, 50个循环仍有95mAh·g-1, 容量保持率为82.6%.     

Dy3+/Tm3+掺杂Na2Gd(PO4)(WO4)的制备及发光性能研究

采用二次熔融的高温固相法合成了一系列Dy³⁺/Tm³⁺共掺钠-钆-磷钨酸盐(NGPW)荧光材料,研究了其光致发光特性和热稳定性,以及CIE与激发波长的映射关系。改变激发波长可以让NGPW∶2%Tm³⁺,xDy³⁺(x=1%、2%、3%、4%、5%)荧光粉的颜色从蓝色-冷白色-暖白色-黄色连续变化。在356nm和363nm激发下,可实现白光发射。对共掺杂荧光粉的荧光衰减曲线进行表征,验证了该荧光粉中Dy³⁺和Tm³⁺之间存在能量转移。详细研究了能量传递效率和能量传递机理。NGPW∶2%Tm³⁺,xDy³⁺荧光粉有望成为极具潜力的色彩可调的单组分荧光粉。     

Cr~（3＋）离子掺杂对Al_2O_3粉末结构及发光性能影响

采用球磨法制备了不同浓度Cr_2O_3掺杂的Al_2O_3粉体,并在700℃、1200℃空气中退火2 h。1200℃退火后样品,除掺杂浓度为1.6%的样品中出现少量γ-Al_2O_3相外,其余样品相均为纯α-Al_2O_3。样品晶格常数随着Cr~（3＋）离子浓度的增加而增加。采用波长为579 nm的激发光源对佯品进行荧...     

Influence of Nb5+ Doping on Structure and Electrochemical Properties of Spinel Li1.02Mn2O4

The Li1.02NbxMn2-xO4 (x=0,0.005,0.01,0.02,0.04 and 0.1) materials were prepared by solid-state reaction method in which Li2CO3 , electrolytic MnO2 and Nb2O5 were used as reactants. The influences of the Nb5+ doping on structure, morphology and electrochemical performance were systemically investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and AC impedance. XRD test showed that the prepared samples had single spinel structure although there was impurity phase of LiNbO3 existing in Li1.02NbxMn2-xO4 phase after Nb5+ doping. The doped materials with Nb5+ had smaller lattice parameters and crystal volume compared with pristine Li1.02Mn2O4. The endurance of overcharge was largely improved. In addition, the small amount of Nb5+ doping could increase the material conductivity.     

Interactions of Cr2+ with the F− ligands in CdF2:Cr2+

Superhyperfine structure s.h.f.s. resulting from the Cr²⁺ - F^? interaction was studied in Cr²⁺ doped CdF₂ crystals. The s.h.f.s. observed can be described with by the following spin-Hamiltonian

$\text{H}\text{=}\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{eff}}\text{β}\text{HS}{}_{\mathrm{z}}\text{+ST}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{I+ST}{}_{\mathrm{j}}\text{I}$

The constants calculated are $\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{i\perp }}\text{≈}\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{= 50}\text{MHz}$$\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{j\perp }}\text{≈}\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{j}}\text{= 5}\text{MHz}$. The measurements were made with an ESR spectrometer at X band at 4.2 OK.     

Luminescence and Optical-Memory model of SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ and Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+

The photoluminescence, luminescence excitation, and phosphorescence spectra of SrAl²O⁴:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺ and Sr₄Al₁₄O₂₅:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺ powder phosphors have been studied in detail at 80 and 300 K. A conceptual model is proposed for strontium-aluminate-based optical memory.     

Enhancement of red emission assigned to inversion defects in ZnAl2O4:Cr3+ hollow spheres

ZnAl₂O₄:Cr³⁺ hollow spheres composed of secondary nanoparticles with single spinel phase were fabricated using carbon templets. Monitoring the emission of 687 nm, two wide excitation bands attributed to the electrons of Cr³⁺ transiting from ⁴A_2g (⁴F) → ⁴T_1g (⁴F) and ⁴A_2g (⁴F) → ⁴T_2g (⁴F) were observed. The broad excitation band at about 397 nm was asymmetric and consisted of two peaks, indicating that there was a trigonal distortion existing in the lattices. The intensity of all emitting peaks revealed sharp increasing trend with the sintering temperature increase, and the intensity of emission at 698 nm assigned to inversion defects was more intense than that of emission at 687 nm assigned to octahedral Cr³⁺ ions in the undistorted spinel lattice. The samples with higher synthesized temperature revealed longer decay time, and the relative weightage of shorter decay time component decreased with the increase of sintering temperature, indicating that the surface defects decreased.     

高质量自调Q激光晶体Cr4+,Nd3+:Gd3Ga5O12的生长

用固相合成、共沉淀等方法合成了Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体的单相多晶材料.讨论了共沉淀法和固相合成法合成GGG单相的技术参数.用合成的单相多晶原料生长了高质量的Cr4+,Nd3+GGG单晶.通过测晶体的光谱性质发现Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体在400nm和520nm附近存在Cr3+离子的强的吸收峰.在808nm附近存在Nd3+离子宽的吸收带,能与InGa二极管激光有效的耦合;在1100附近有Cr4+的较强的吸收带,可实现对Nd3+的自调Q输出.Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体的荧光光谱与NdGGG晶体的一样,发光中心也位于1062nm,但其强度约为NdGGG的1/5～1/6.Cr4+,Nd3+GGG晶体是一种非常有潜力的自调Q激光晶体,可以实现大功率激光器的小型化和全固化.     

尖晶石型LiMn2O4的凝胶燃烧法制备

以硝酸锂、硝酸锰和柠檬酸为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备成前驱体,将该前驱体在空气环境下燃烧得到的粉料在600～900℃焙烧一定时间得到尖晶石型晶体结构的LiMn2O4(空间群为Fd3m)。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重-差热分析(TG/DTA)对前驱体及合成的样品进行了测试分析和表征。研究了焙烧温度、时间以及锂锰摩尔比(n(Li)/n(Mn))R等对合成样品的相组成、晶体结构和微观形貌等的影响。合成高纯尖晶石型LiMn2O4的优化条件为焙烧温度800℃,焙烧时间10h,R=1.1/2。     

溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧法合成CoMn2O4尖晶石型陶瓷颜料用于制备墨绿色太阳能吸光涂层

采用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧法在400 ℃的低温条件下合成单相CoMn₂O₄尖晶石型陶瓷颜料。通过XRD、SEM及颜料的漫反射光谱系统地研究了煅烧温度对陶瓷颜料的晶型结构、晶粒尺寸、晶粒形貌、色值(L*、a、b)及热发射值(εT)的影响。最终,将合成的CoMn₂O₄尖晶石型陶瓷颜料与环氧改性的有机硅树脂、有机助剂混合,形成吸光涂料。采用操作简单、成本低廉、环境友好、容易实现大面积制备的涂料喷涂法将吸光涂料喷涂到金属铝基底上,制备出尖晶石型墨绿色陶瓷太阳能吸光涂层,其太阳能吸收值αs为0.785～0.815,热发射值为ε100为0.342～0.400。CoMn₂O₄尖晶石型陶瓷涂层为冷色太阳光吸收涂层,其呈现的墨绿色丰富了涂料涂层的颜色,能够满足太阳能户外建筑对彩色的要求。