环氧树脂E-44反应增容尼龙6/废印刷电路板非金属粉复合材料的力学性能和热变形温度研究

用环氧树脂E-44作为反应性的增容剂,采用熔融共混方法制备了尼龙6(PA6)/废印刷电路板非金属粉(N-PCB)复合材料。研究了E-44用量、挤出温度以及N-PCB粉末的粒径大小对PA6/N-PCB复合材料力学性能和热变形温度的影响。对复合材料抽提残留物的红外分析实验结果表明E-44与PA6/N-PCB复合材料中PA6以及N-PCB粉末表面发生了化学键合。添加1.25份E-44的PA6/N-PCB复合材料与纯PA6相比,其拉伸强度、拉伸模量、弯曲强度和弯曲模量最大增幅分别为29%、49%、73%和72%,热变形温度提高了42.8℃,但其韧性降低。与未加增容剂相比,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度和缺口冲击强度最大增幅分别为9%、8%和43%,热变形温度提高了9.3℃。     

废印刷电路板非金属粉增强PVC性能的研究

采用熔融共混方法制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC)/废印刷电路板非金属粉(N-PCB)复合材料。研究了N-PCB粉末的用量、环氧树脂E-44用量以及N-PCB粉末的粒径大小对PVC/N-PCB复合材料力学性能的影响。利用万能电子试验机测定了材料的力学性能,实验结果表明:添加30 phrN-PCB粉及5 phrE-44的PVC/N-PCB复合材料与纯PVC相比,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弯曲强度分别增大了18%、29%、20%。与未添加E-44相比,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弯曲强度分别增大12%、26%、19%。扫描电镜结果显示E-44的加入有效改善了N-PCB在PVC基体中的界面作用,提高了其力学性能。     

HDPE三单体固相接枝物的制备及其对PA6/UHMWPE的改性研究

通过马来酸酐(MAH)、苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)多单体固相接枝法对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)进行接枝改性,制得了增容剂HDPE-g-(MAH/St/BA)。研究发现,接枝率与反应时间、温度、HDPE/单体比及引发剂(BPO)用量有关;HDPE-g-(MAH/St/BA)对聚酰胺6/超高摩尔质量聚乙烯(PA6/UHMWPE)共混物有很好的增容作用,加入HDPE-g-(MAH/St/BA)后,复合材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能得到改善。     

多单体反应挤出PP/胶粉共混材料的研究

按一定的次序将单体马来酸酐(MAH)、苯乙烯(St)、引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)、聚丙烯(PP)、废胶粉等在高速混合机中混合均匀后,在双螺杆挤出机中就地反应增容制备 PP/胶粉共混材料。讨论了 MAh/St/DCP 三者的含量对 PP/胶粉共混材料力学性能的影响;红外光谱(FTIR)分析证明双单体成功接枝于 PP 大分子链中。通过扫描电镜分析了一步法反应增容对 PP/胶粉共混物界面的影响。结果表明,一步法反应增容改善了共混物的界面相容性,当 PP、胶粉、DCP、MAH、St 的配比为70/30/0.1/1.5/1.5时,PP/胶粉共混物的拉伸强度和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度达到最佳。     

界面改性对HDPE木塑复合材料性能的影响

采用二辊开炼和压制成型的方法,以马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(MAPE)、马来酸酐(MAH)和(或)过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)处理木粉制备高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)基木塑复合材料(WPC),考察了几种方法对复合材料力学性能、动态热机械性能及加工性能的影响,并借助扫描电子显微镜( SEM)对复合材料界面进行了形貌分析.结果表明:MAH和DCP共同改性HDPE基WPC,在改善复合材料界面相容性的同时也提高了基体强度,材料综合性能最佳.     

回收轮胎粉反应增韧PVC性能的研究

将甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)、丙烯酸(AA)、马来酸酐(MAH)3种不同单体分别通过开炼机剪切加入废旧轮胎粉(GRT)后与聚氯乙烯(PVC)直接反应挤出,制备了3种PVC/GRT复合材料。利用万能电子试验机测定了材料的力学性能,实验结果表明:3种不同单体修饰的GRT/PVC复合材料中PVC/GRTg-GMA复合材料韧性提高显著,在GRT用量为5 phr,GMA、St、DCP用量分别为4、4、0.15 phr时,PVC/GRT复合材料缺口冲击强度提高25.6%。扫描电镜结果显示GMA的加入改善了界面相容性。     

接枝改性对HDPE基微波竹炭复合材料性能的影响

采用高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)作为基体树脂,微波改性竹炭作为填料,通过熔融接枝法制备了HDPE基微波竹炭复合材料,分析了顺丁烯二酸酐(MAH)、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)的含量及比例,对复合材料静态、动态力学性能和热稳定性能的影响。静态力学性能结果表明,随着MAH、DCP含量的增加,HDPE基微波竹炭复合材料的力学性能呈先增大后降低的趋势;当MAH含量一定,MAH∶DCP比例为2∶0.1时,HDPE基微波竹炭复合材料的力学性能较优。动态热机械分析仪(DMA)与热重分析仪(TGA)分析表明,MAH熔融接枝改性提高了HDPE与微波竹炭两相之间的界面作用力,有利于改善HDPE与微波竹炭的界面性能,与SEM分析结果一致;并且,还能提高复合材料在高温下的热稳定性。     

不饱和聚酯增容HDPE/GF复合材料的研究

以不饱和聚酯(UP)为增容剂、过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂制备了玻璃纤维(GF)增强高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料,研究了UP以及DCP的用量对该HDPE/UP/GF复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:UP的加入明显提高了复合材料的力学性能,当UP用量为7%时,复合材料的力学性能最优;而引发剂DCP的用量亦对复合材料的性能有着显著的影响,随着DCP用量的增加,复合材料的力学性能先升后降,其中当DCP用量为0.15%时,复合材料具有最佳力学性能。另外,扫描电镜(SEM)分析结果显示,UP的加入改善了复合材料的界面黏结,从而提高了复合材料的力学性能。     

一步法多单体反应挤出PP/PA6增容体系研究

采用一步法将接枝单体马来酸酐(MAH)和苯乙烯(St)、引发剂过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)与聚丙烯(PP)、尼龙6(PA6)、乙烯辛烯共聚物(POE)等混匀后在双螺杆挤出机中就地反应增容，详细地讨论了MAH／St／DCP用量和PA6含量对共混体系拉伸性能和冲击性能的影响；通过扫描电镜(SEM)分析了MAH／St／DCP用量及PA6含量对共混物的亚微形态、相界面的影响；通过红外光谱(FTIR)的结果分析对PP／PA6共混物增容反应机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明：一步法添加MAH／St／DCP引起PP／PA6共混体系发生了酰亚胺化反应，生成了Pp—(St—MAH)—PA6接枝共聚物有很好的增容作用；PA6与基体PP的界面非常模糊，分散相的颗粒也变得均匀细小，约0．5μm，大大改善了两相之间的粘结；从而使得PP／PA6共混体系的力学性能有了较大的提高，PA6质量分数在20％，MAH／St／DCP添加1～4份时效果最佳，缺口冲击强度提高2倍左右，拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、无缺口冲击强度也有明显改善。     

相容剂HDPE-g-(MAH-co-St)的合成及对HDPE/WF复合材料力学性能和吸水率的影响

将高密度聚乙烯/木粉(HDPE/WF)复合材料熔融混合后制成,并研究了自合成相容剂高密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐和苯乙烯多单体共聚物(HDPE-g-(MAH-co-St))的含量对HDPE/WF复合材料力学性能和吸水率的影响,并用FTIR、SEM、DMA对其接枝情况、断面形貌、动态力学性能进行表征。同时又与相容剂高密度聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(HDPE-g-MAH)增容HDPE/WF复合材料的力学性能和吸水率进行对比。结果表明:当HDPE-g-(MAH-co-St)添加量为5份时,HDPE/WF复合材料的力学性能最佳,其中拉伸强度、冲击强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量较未添加相容剂时提高了44.62%、29.09%、50.05%、32.65%;较添加5份HDPE-g-MAH增容HDPE/WF复合材料时提高了43.12%、8.06%、64.93%、22.98%。当HDPE-g-(MAH-co-St)添加量为5份时,HDPE/WF复合材料的30天吸水率最佳,较未添加相容剂时提高了68.47%,较添加5份HDPE-g-MAH增容HDPE/WF复合材料时提高了34.63%。     

管材用回收高密度聚乙烯/胶粉复合材料的研究

采用一步法活化增容制备了回收高密度聚乙(烯RHDPE/)胶粉管材专用料,并研究了引发剂过氧化二异丙苯强度从37.5 kJ/m2提高到48 kJ/m2;弯曲强度从10.5 MPa提高到12.9 MPa;弯曲模量从356 MPa提高到405(DCP)、接枝单体马来酸酐(MAH用)量对体系力学性能的影响。结果表明:当DCP、MAH用量分别为0.1份、1.0份时,RHDPE/胶粉体系获得最佳的力学性能,与简单共混物比较,拉伸强度从18.8 MPa提高到23.8 MPa;缺口冲击MPa。通过流变性能测试结果和扫描电(镜SEM)照片分析活,化增容对RHDPE/胶粉体系有效。     

Preparation of HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH and its effect on mechanical properties of HDPE/wood flour composites

In this article, high density polyethylene/styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene block copolymer blends (HDPE/SEBS) grafted by maleic anhydride (HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH), which is an effective compatibilizer for HDPE/wood flour composites was prepared by means of torque rheometer with different contents of maleic anhydride (MAH). The experimental results indicated that MAH indeed grafted on HDPE/SEBS by FTIR analysis and the torque increased with increasing the content of maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). Styrene may increase the graft reaction rate of MAH and HDPE/SEBS. When HDPE/SEBS MAH was added to HDPE/wood flour composites, tensile strength and flexural strength of composites can reach 25.9 and 34.8 MPa in comparison of 16.5 and 23.8 MPa (without HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH), increasing by 157 and 146%, respectively. Due to incorporation of thermoplastic elastomer in HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH, the Notched Izod impact strength reached 5.08 kJ m^?2, increasing by 145% in comparison of system without compatibilizer. That HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH improved the compatibility was also conformed by dynamic mechanical measurement. Scanning electron micrographs provided evidence for strong adhesion between wood flour and HDPE matrix with addition of HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Synergistic compatibilization and reinforcement of HDPE/wood flour composites

Multi‐monomer grafted copolymers, high‐density polyethylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride‐styrene (HDPE‐g‐(MAH‐St)) and polyethylene wax‐grafted‐ maleic anhydride ((PE wax)‐g‐MAH), were synthesized and applied to prepare high‐performance high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood flour (WF) composites. Interfacial synergistic compatibilization was studied via the coordinated blending of high‐density polyethylene‐grafted‐maleic anhydride (MPE‐St) and polyethylene wax‐grafted‐ maleic anhydride (MPW) in the high‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood flour (WF) composites. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology and three‐dimensional WF sketch presented that strong interactive interface between HDPE and WF, formed by MPE‐St with high graft degree of maleic anhydride (MAH) together with the permeating effect of MPW with a low molecular weight. Experimental results demonstrated that HDPE/WF composites compatibilized by MPE‐St/MPW compounds showed significant improvement in mechanical properties, rheological properties, and water resistance than those compatibilized by MPE, MPE‐St or MPW separately and the uncompatibilized composites. The mass ratio of MPE‐St/MPW for optimizing the HDPE/WF composites was 5:1. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 42958.     

凹凸棒土改性PVC/HDPE合金研究

在经硅烷偶联剂(KH-370)修饰的凹凸棒土(AT)表面吸附过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)和丙烯酰胺(AM)，用处理过的凹凸棒土(AM-AT)填充PVC，HDPE合金，测试其力学性能，发现力学性能有所提高。用FTIR，XRD，DSC表征手段，对复合材料进行了表征。结果表明，AT对复合材料中的HDPE结晶影响不明显，但AT和引入的马来酸酐接枝HDPE(HDPE-g-MAH)对复合材料的玻璃化转变温度tg及熔融峰顶温度tm都有一些影响。     

Mechanical properties of high‐density polyethylene/scrap rubber powder composites modified with ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer,dicumyl peroxide,and silicone oil

The effect of ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer (EPDM), dicumyl peroxide (DCP), and dimethyl silicone oil on the mechanical properties of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) composites filled with 60 mesh cryogenically scrap rubber powder (SRP) was studied. The addition of 10 wt % EPDM, 0.2 wt % DCP, and 4 wt % dimethyl silicone oil significantly increased both the impact strength and elongation at break of the HDPE/SRP composites. After the modification, the impact strength increased by 160%, and the elongation at break increased by 150% for the composites containing 40 wt % SRP. The impact load–time curves showed that the increase of impact energy for the modified composites was attributed to the increase of the maximum force at yield point and the ductile deformation after yielding. The rheological behavior, dynamic mechanical properties, and morphology observation suggested that an enhanced adhesion between SRP and polymer matrix formed in the modified HDPE/SRP composites. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 2020–2027, 2003     

凹凸棒土反应填充HDPE制备纳米复合材料

在凹凸棒土表面吸附马来酸酐(MAH)单体和过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)引发剂，将处理过的凹凸棒土填充HDPE，制备HDPE／凹凸棒土纳米复合材料。结果表明，纳米复合材料的拉伸和冲击性能都有所提高，其中冲击性能提高了50％左右；用FT—IR，XRD，TEM等方法，对HDPE／凹凸棒土纳米复合材料的结构进行表征研究。     

铝塑复合板用热熔胶的制备及性能研究

以过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂、马来酸酐(MAH)为接枝改性单体和聚乙烯(PE)为主要原料,采用熔融挤出法制备了铝塑复合板用PE-g-MAH(聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐)基HMA(热熔胶),并着重探讨了DCP和MAH含量对PE-g-MAH的接枝效率和粘接性能等影响。结果表明:在试验范围内,PE-g-MAH的接枝效率(y)与DCP含量(x1)或MAH含量(x2)之间的关系符合y=28.03x1+1.49或y=0.73x2+10.65的线性关系;当w(DCP)=0.44%、w(MAH)=2%时,PE-g-MAH基HMA的粘接性能相对最好,其剪切强度(6.10 MPa)高于杜邦HMA(4.26 MPa),并且其接枝效率为12.91%。     

HDPE composites strengthened–toughened synergistically by l‐aspartic acid functionalized graphene/carbon nanotubes hybrid nanomaterials

Ethylenediamine (EDA) covalently functionalized graphene sheets (GS‐EDA) and acidized carbon nanotubes (MWNTs‐COOH) were first prepared, followed by synthesizing l ‐aspartic acid functionalized GS‐EDA/MWNTs‐COOH (LGC) hybrid nanomaterials by using l ‐aspartic acid as a bridging agent. Then nanocomposites of high density polyethylene‐g ‐maleic anhydride (HDPE‐g ‐MAH) synergistic strengthening–toughening using LGC hybrids were prepared via melt compounding method. The surface structure of filler was characterized by using infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectrum. The synergistic strengthening–toughening effects of LGC hybrids on the HDPE‐g ‐MAH were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile, and impact tests. FTIR showed that EDA has been grafted on the graphene sheets, and ? COOH group has been introduced into MWNTs. The l ‐aspartic acid connected GS‐EDA and MWNTs‐COOH through chemical bonds. SEM observations showed that LGC hybrids were homogeneously dispersed in HDPE‐g ‐MAH nanocomposites. Tensile and impact tests indicated that the mechanical properties of nanocomposites were improved obviously when LGC hybrid nanomaterials were incorporated simultaneously. DMA analysis indicated that the storage modulus of composites was higher than that of pure HDPE‐g ‐MAH matrix. TGA results revealed that the maximum decomposition temperature of HDPE‐g ‐MAH composites containing 0.75 wt % of LGC showed 11.5 °C higher than that of HDPE‐g ‐MAH matrix. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 45055.