一种面向分布式嵌入式计算机的性能评估模型

不同领域的嵌入式计算机的性能评估有很大的差异性,对分布式嵌入式计算机的性能评估需要考虑其自身特点。分析了分布式嵌入式计算机的一般特征,提出了一种结合软硬件的、面向分布式嵌入式计算机的性能评估模型。该评估模型从分布式嵌入式计算机的通用技术特征方面入手,提出了度量系统性能的指标和评估准则,具有指标定义明确、评价过程简便等优点。总结了几种常见的综合评价方法,为分布式嵌入式计算机的性能评估定义了完整的综合评价过程。通过实验表明了该方法的可行性。该研究对分布式计算机系统的体系结构设计、性能分析与改进具有重大的意义。     

基于灰熵绝对关联分析在嵌入式计算机性能评价中的应用

为了克服传统的灰熵关联度不具有唯一性和对称性等问题,建立了一种新的评价模型—灰熵绝对关联分析模型,并将该模型用于嵌入式计算机性能评价中.该算法主要是将灰熵理论与灰色绝对关联度相结合,保证了灰熵绝对关联度具有唯一性和对称性,有效地避免了误判的可能性.算例表明,该算法提高了嵌入式计算机性能评估的有效性和准确性,为嵌入式计算...     

面向航天系统的嵌入式操作系统实时性评测

针对航天系统的嵌入式操作系统选型的问题,分析航天系统星载计算机的实时性需求,提出了一个包含五大类评价指标的实时性评价体系.按照评价体系的各个指标,采用基于SPARC架构的S698--MIL嵌入式平台对在航天领域广泛使用的典型嵌入式操作系统进行了评测.实验结果表明,该评价体系能对嵌入式操作系统的实时性做出全面的评价和分析,并对航空系统的嵌入式操作系统选型提供可靠的决策支持.     

软件化雷达系统的软件质量评估指标体系

为有效评估软件化雷达(software defined radar, SDR)系统的软件质量,建立了软件质量评估指标体系总体架构,给出了各评价指标的概念定义和评测方法。首先介绍了SDR的概念内涵、体系架构和典型特征。然后,在对系统软件进行分类的基础上,结合现有的软件质量评估指标,增加反映SDR系统典型特征的指标,并从功能性、可靠性、易重构性、合规性等8个方面,对系统软件的各项指标进行探讨,为业内同行进一步开展相关研究工作提供有益的参考。     

从架构、原理到设计的多维融合嵌入式系统知识体系构建

分析嵌入式系统知识体系特点与内涵,阐述从架构、原理至设计的知识体系的构建思路,探讨重构嵌入式系统课程教学内容的具体方法,提出一种多维融合的新的知识体系和教学模式。     

基于高阶特征交互的点击率预估模型的实现

传统的低阶特征模型不能充分利用大数据,从多个维度描述数据和用户.专注于高阶特征提取,结合显式和隐式特征交互的点击率预估模型可以利用好大数据的特点.使用Tensorflow框架搭建包含深度神经网络、因子压缩交互网络和多重特征自交互网络结构的模型,使用淘宝展示广告点击率预估数据集进行训练.模型采用对数损失值和ROC曲线下面积作为评价指标,与原始的LR、FM、Deep&Wide等典型模型进行比较,对数损失值降低了0.04,AUC值提高了0.05左右.     

基于ARM的嵌入式最小系统架构研究

以基于ARM的嵌入式最小系统为平台,深入研究了不同应用下,ARM处理器与常用外部存储器的接口方式.在此基础上,阐述了嵌入式系统典型的启动架构及其特点,并给出了嵌入式系统启动架构的选择标准.     

基于众核处理器的多计算模式构造技术研究

复杂嵌入式应用领域的具体计算任务不仅需要计算平台具有嵌入式高效能计算能力,而且应具有与应用特点匹配的计算资源结构;面向复杂嵌入式应用领域研究了众核处理机体系架构,在GPU基本计算形态的基础上,依据NVIDIA Kepler架构的特性,进一步研究、构建了相应的众核组织与处理模式,将其形成3种基本计算模式:单任务并行计算、多任务并行计算、多任务流处理计算,有效地提高了嵌入式高性能计算的效能和灵活性。     

嵌入式实时系统的快速开发框架研究

嵌入式实时开发是当今计算机应用研究的热点,该文结合模型驱动架构的系统无关模型和系统相关模型思想,提出了一种基于平台设计的快速开发嵌入式实时系统的方法:首先采用实时应用接口RTAI将嵌入式Linux改造成具有硬实时性能的实时操作系统平台;然后利用Matlab/Simulink/RTW和RTAI-Lab工具对实际系统进行快速化建模、仿真和驱动开发,并自动生成实时的可执行代码;最后将代码加载到嵌入式实时系统.通过倒立摆嵌入式实时控制器系统设计实例说明了这种方法可以有效降低系统设计复杂度,提高嵌入式软件的开发效率.     

基于C/S架构的可扩展嵌入式系统

针对嵌入式应用中的固定设备,在体系结构上加以扩展,提出一种基于C/S计算模式的可扩展嵌入式系统.给出了系统的模型,并描述如何利用基于USB的TCP/IP网络作为系统的通讯支持.利用PC机和PDA对C/S架构的嵌入式系统模型进行模拟,在模拟中改进了数据传输方式.最后总结了C/S架构嵌入式系统的特点.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.