WC颗粒增强高锰钢基表面复合材料组织和硬度的研究

研究了采用V-EPC铸渗方法制备WC颗粒增强高锰钢基表面复合材料时,合金粉末中EPS珠粒的加入量对形成的铸渗复合层组织和硬度的影响．试验结果表明,复合层的质量随着EPS珠粒的加入量增加而得到改善,复合层的硬度由表及里呈现先增后降的趋势．EPS珠粒加入量为14％（体积分数）时得到的组织最致密,缺陷最少;超过14％时,随着EPS珠粒加入量的继续增加,复合层组织中缺陷的数量又开始增多．     

Structures and Properties of High-Carbon High Speed Steel by RE-Mg-Ti Compound Modification

The effects of rare earths ( RE )-Mg-Ti compound modification on the structures and properties of high-carbon high speed steel ( HSS ) were researched. The impact toughness (ak), the fracture toughness (Klc)andt hreshold of fatigue crack growth (△Kth)are tested. The thermal fatigue test is done on a self-straining thermal fatigue tester, the wear test is done on a high temperature wear test machine. The results show that the matrix can be reftned by the RE-Mg-Ti compound modification, the euteetic carbides are inclined to spheroidicize and are distributed everdy, the morphology and distribution of eutectic carbides are improved by appropriate RE-Mg-Ti complex modification. After RE-Mg-Ti compound modification, a little effects can be found on the strength, hardness and red hardness, but the fractare toughness(Klc) and threshold of fatigue crack growth (△Kth) are improved in the meantime, the impact toughness (ak) is increased by over one time, and the rasistanee to thermal fatigue and wear resistanee at an elevated temperature are remarkably improved.     

不锈钢高速连铸中结晶器的热流计算

在高效连铸过程中,结晶器的传热效率起着至关重要的作用。在进行加拿大国家自然科学基金资助的高速连铸的战略性研究项目时,在Ａｔｌａｓ Ｓｔｅｅｌ钢铁公司的方坯连铸机上进行了１次工业试验,目的是研究高速连铸不锈钢时结晶器的热流变化。试验中,结晶器４壁共安装了４２个热电偶。不同工艺条件下的温度信号以１０Ｈｚ的频率记录在计算机中,根据每点的平均温度,针对ＩＨＣＰ（Ｉｎｖｅｒｓｅ Ｈｅａｔ Ｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｏ     

汽车覆盖件模具钢高速切削数据库的研究

建立了基于B／S(浏览器／服务器模式)结构的汽车覆盖件模具钢高速切削数据库系统,该系统包括实例库、刀具数据库、工艺参数库、材料库、智能优化库5个功能模块。用户可根据实际需求,选择功能模块,对刀具、切削工艺、工件材料、加工实例等信息进行检索查询。该数据库通过对基于MATLAB神经网络的刀具磨损模型的调用,实现了精加工模具钢时对刀具磨损的在线预报。     

Experimental research on electromagnetic continuous casting high-speed steel composite roll简

A high speed steel composite roll billet was fabricated, which is regular in shape, smooth in surface, slight in trace, compact in internal structure, free of slag inclusion, shrinkage cavity, cracks and other flaws, and good in macro quality of junction surface using a vertical continuous casting machine. The interface zone microstructure of bimetallic in billet of high speed steel composite roll was analyzed by metallurgical microscope （OM）, X-ray diffractmeter （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis （EDS）. The results indicate that the microstructure of roll billet is composed of chilled solidified layer, dendrite zone, interfacial zone of bimetal and core material zone. The microstructure of outer shell material is composed of martensite ＋ bainite ~ residual austenite ＋ some small labyrinth-shape, small-short lath-shape, or dollop-shape eutectic carbides. The microstructure of core material is slice-shape pearlite and a little ferrite along boundary of cells. The interface region microstructure of bimetallic composite roll consists of diffusion region, chilled solidified layer and columnar grain region.     

Development of centrifugal casting high speed steel rolls

The present study aims at developing the high speed steel (HSS) as roll materials to replace the traditional roll materials such as the alloy cast iron and powder metallurgical (PM) hard alloy. The HSS roll billet was formed by centrifugal casting, and the billet was rough machined after soften annealing heat treatment, then it was quenched and tempered to get suitable hardness and toughness. After that the HSS roll was finish machined to the final dimension of φ285 mm in the outer diameter, φ160 mm in the inner diameter and 120 mm in width and its surface hardness was tested. Finally the HSS roll was used in high speed wire rod mill. The test results show that a high and homogeneous hardness can obtain on the work surface of HSS rolls, the surface hardness is 63-65HRC and its variation is smaller than 2HRC. The impact toughness of this kind of HSS is about 16 J/cm2. The results of on-line service investigation in high speed wire rod mill indicate that the HSS rolls have excellent wear resistance, the     

High temperature oxidation behavior of high speed steel for hot rolls material

The oxidation characteristics of high speed steel (HSS) were studied at 500 to 800℃. The non-isothermal oxidation and isothermal oxidation (500, 575, 650, 725, 800℃) of HSS were investigated by thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). The microstructure, morphology and oxide scale thickness of the isothermal oxidation samples were analyzed by optical microscope (OM), electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA), X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that the oxidation rate of HSS is very slow at 500 to 650℃, increasing gradually at 650 to 750℃, and drastically at 750 to 800℃, because the phase transformation happens at about 750℃.     

Oxidation performance of Fe-Al/WC composite coatings produced by high velocity arc spraying

Fe-Al intermetallics with remarkable high-temperature intensity and excellent erosion, high-temperature oxidation and sulfuration resistance are potential low cost high-temperature structural materials. But the room temperature brittleness induces shape difficult and limits its industrial application. The Fe-Al intermetallic coatings were prepared by high velocity arc spraying technology with cored wire on 20G steel, which will not only obviate the problems faced in fabrication of these alloys into useful shapes, but also allow the effective use of their outstanding high-temperature performance. The Fe-Al/WC intermetallic composite coatings were prepared by high velocity arc spraying technology on 20G steel and the oxidation performance of Fe-Al/WC composite coatings was studied by means of thermogrativmetic analyzer at 450, 650 and 800°C. The results demonstrate that the kinetics curve of oxidation at three temperatures approximately follows the logarithmic law. The composition of the oxidized coating is mainly composed of Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄ and FeO. These phases distribute unevenly. The protective Al₂O₃ film firstly forms and preserves the coatings from further oxidation. Foundation item: Project(50235030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project(98BK014) supported by the Foundation of State Economy Trade Committee of China     

Oxidation performance of Fe-Al/WC composite coatings produced by high velocity arc spraying

Fe-Al intermetallics with remarkable high-temperature intensity and excellent erosion, high-temperature oxidation and sulfuration resistance are potential low cost high-temperature structural materials. But the room tem perature brittleness induces shape difficult and limits its industrial application. The Fe-Al intermetallic coatings were prepared by high velocity arc spraying technology with cored wire on 20G steel, which will not only obviate the problems faced in fabrication of these alloys into useful shapes, but also allow the effective use of their outstanding high-temperature performance. The Fe-Al/WC intermetallic composite coatings were prepared by high velocity arc spraying technology on 20G steel and the oxidation performance of Fe-Al/WC composite coatings was studied by means of thermogrativmetic analyzer at 450, 650 and 800 ℃. The results demonstrate that the kinetics curve of oxidation at three temperatures approximately follows the logarithmic law. The composition of the oxidized coating is mainly composed of Al2 O3, Fe2 O3, Fe3 O4 and FeO. These phases distribute unevenly. The protective Al2 O3 film firstly forms and preserves the coatings from further oxidation.     

Effects of heat treatment on structures and properties of high speed steel rolls

The effects of quenching temperature, cooling pattern, temper temperature and temper times on the structure and properties of high speed steel (HSS) rolls have been investigated. The results show that, when the quenching temperature is lower than 1050℃ the hardness of HSS increases with the quenching temperature increasing in oil cooling, but when the quenching temperature exceeds 1100℃ the hardness decreases. In the conditions of salt bath cooling and air cooling, the effect of quenching temperature on the hardness is similar to the above law, but the quenching temperature obtaining the highest hardness is higher than that in oil cooling. When the temper temperature below 350℃ the hardness of HSS has a little change, when above 475℃ the hardness will increase with the temper temperature increasing, and the highest hardness is obtained at 525℃. When the temper temperature continues to increase, the hardness decreases. Twice temper has little effect on the hardness, but three times temper decreases the hardness. HSS in air cooling has lower hardenability, oil cooling can easily produce crackle, and HSS quenching in salt bath has high hardenability and excellent wear resistance.     

High Speed Steel and WC Particle-Reinforced Composites Produce by Spray Forming

The process of spray forming utilized to fabricate WC particle-reinforced high speed steel composites has been studied. In addition, microstructures and mechanical properties of M2 high speed steel and its composites made by spray forming have been analyzed. The results show that the primary carbides of high speed steel are of two types: MC and MbC. With the increase in flight distance, the morphology of the primary carbides varies from fine fish-bone-like to islandlike and both bending strength and hardness increase. With the increase in volume fraction of WC reinforcement particles,hardness of the composites increases considerably, but bending strength, however, appears to be a decreasing tendency.     

Surface wear resistance properties of Ta＋N implanted W18Cr4V high speed steel

High-speed steel W18Cr4V is commonly used in industries such as blade and mould manufacturers because of its high level of hardness and toughness, red-hardness and resistance. Ion implantation is an effective method to improve the wear resis-tance of W18Cr4V. In our investigation, Ta and Ta+N ion implantation was performed on W18Cr4V high-speed steel. The surface properties after implantation were evaluated by measuring friction coefficients while the carbonyl phase of the surface was ana-lyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis. It was found that the friction coefficients of the treated samples were much lower. Samples implanted with Ta+N had a lower friction coefficients than samples implanted only with Ta. This can be attributed to the formation of a new chemical compound, Fe7Ta3, on both surfaces. An even harder chemical compound, Fe2N, was formed on both sttrfaces of Ta+N implanted samples.     

一种冷轧高强钢板的纳米析出物

在研究纳米析出强化热轧钢板的基础上,对该钢板进行了冷轧退火试验研究。采用透射电镜（TEM）和能谱分析等方法分析了析出物的分布和形貌,测定了两种纳米析出物的成分。结果表明,试验钢经退火处理后存在着两种形状的析出物,矩形析出物尺寸为30-50nm,主要由TiN组成;圆形析出物为5～10nm,主要由TiC组成。这些析出物的出现将直接影响实验钢的性能及应用。     

压型钢板混凝土组合板抗弯承载力影响因素的分析

对开口型与闭口型压型钢板混凝土组合板抗弯承载力的四个影响因素：混凝土强度等级，压型钢板混凝土组合板的高度，组合板的含钢率和压型钢板的高度的分析比较，得出组合板的含钢率和组合板的高度对组合板的抗弯承载力具有决定作用及组合板高度与压型钢板高度的关系．为组合楼板的设计提供依据．     

高铁不同刚度桩网复合地基工作性状差异

结合沪宁城际铁路CFG桩网复合地基试验段和京沪高铁砂桩网复合地基昆山试验段,在现场试验断面埋置土压力盒、沉降计和孔隙水压计等监测仪器,获取地基沉降、桩和桩间土压力、孔隙水压等监测数据,对比分析CFG桩与砂桩网在高速铁路地基工作性状及工后沉降控制效果中的差异。分析结果表明：CFG桩网和砂桩网联合堆载预压均可满足高速铁路无砟轨道工后沉降控制要求,CFG桩网复合地基沉降总量与沉降速率均小于砂桩网复合地基,且收敛速度快;受桩刚度差异的影响,CFG桩网复合地基与砂桩网复合地基桩土应力规律存在较大差异,前者桩土应力比随着路堤填筑加载而增大,最终趋于稳定,后者桩土应力比随荷载增加先增大后减小,再增大,呈波浪形变化;CFG桩网地基超孔压消散速率远小于砂桩桩网地基的超孔压消散速率;在施工工期较短的情况下,与砂桩网复合地基相比,CFG桩网复合地基处理技术的工后沉降控制效果更优。     

内鼓轮高速摄影机的快门结构设计

介绍了ＧＳ—９６型内鼓轮高速摄影机快门设计的原理,重点介绍了快门的结构设计并经靶场试验证明：该快门设计合理、性能良好．     

热变形对冷轧工作辊用锻造高速钢CCT曲线的影响

以自行设计的冷轧工作辊用锻造高速钢为研究对象,采用膨胀仪测定了其静态CCT曲线,采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机测定了其高温形变后的CCT曲线（动态CCT曲线）。在金相显微镜下对不同冷速冷却后的显微组织进行了观察并测定了其维氏硬度,分析了热变形对连续冷却转变曲线的影响。结果表明：冷轧工作辊用锻造高速钢在快冷速下得到隐晶马氏体＋残奥＋碳化物,慢冷速下得到的是珠光体＋碳化物。冷速大于0．1℃／s时,均能得到马氏体组织,说明该钢具有良好的淬透性。热变形对珠光体临界转变速度影响不大,但却能减小珠光体转变的温度区间和马氏体转变开始点的温度范围。     

2738模具钢表面激光熔覆Ni基WC复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能

在2738模具钢表面通过CO2激光熔覆制备Ni基WC复合涂层。分别对2738钢基体和Ni-WC激光熔覆层进行干摩擦试验。用三维表面形貌仪测量磨损体积,用扫描电镜观察磨痕的表面形貌。试验结果表明,Ni-WC复合涂层试样的硬度显著提高,表面硬度超过1200HV,保证了Ni-WC熔覆层的耐磨性。熔覆层的平均摩擦因数约为0.24,与2738钢基体的摩擦因数0.43相比,降低了约44%。熔覆试样的比磨损率比基体试样的比磨损率下降了96.7%,WC硬质相提高了摩擦副表面的承载能力。磨粒磨损为Ni-WC复合涂层的主要磨损机理。     

M2高速钢强脉冲离子束表面改性及其耐磨耐蚀性

针对陶瓷梯度涂层性能优良,在大气氛围下等离子喷涂制备涂层会受到空气氧化这一情况,在可控气氛（Ar气）中采用等离子喷涂的方法制取了NiCrBSi/Al₂O₃的梯度涂层,并且与大气条件下制取的NiCrBSi/Al₂O₃的梯度涂层进行对比.借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、x 射线衍射仪（XRD）对涂层的组织分布、相结构进行分析.结果表明：在Ar气和大气中梯度涂层的组织内部都没有明显的界面,实现了组织的连续变化;在Ar气中制取的梯度涂层的组织更加致密,被氧化的程度更低,质量更好.     

钢丝增强AZ91复合材料的力学性能

为了提高AZ91镁合金的力学性能,采用浸入铸造法制备了体积分数为3.3%的不锈钢纤维增强AZ91复合材料,并在相同条件下对AZ91及其复合材料进行了热挤压处理.采用扫描电镜（SEM）和力学性能试验机分别对铸态和挤压态材料的显微组织、断口和拉伸性能进行了研究.结果表明：铸态AZ91及其复合材料的抗拉强度分别为250和240MPa.然而经过挤压后,钢丝增强AZ91镁合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到了375和428.6MPa,与挤压态AZ91和铸态AZ91复合材料相比,分别提高了50%、20%和57.6%、78.6%.同时挤压态复合材料的塑性变形量也显著提高.