热塑性聚氨酯热熔胶的合成与性能研究

以己二酸系聚酯二醇为软段,二异氰酸酯与扩链剂生成的链段为硬段,制备了聚氨酯热熔胶;研究了软硬段组成、结构、相对分子质量、扩链剂、异氰酸酯指数等对聚氨酯热熔胶的力学性能、结晶性能、粘接性能及耐热性能的影响。     

铝塑膜包装用热塑性聚氨酯热熔胶的制备与性能研究

以聚酯多元醇、二异氰酸酯和1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为主要原料,合成了铝塑膜包装用热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)热熔胶(HMA),并考察了二异氰酸酯、R值[R=n(—NCO)/n(—OH)]、结晶性多元醇以及扩链剂(BDO)等对TPU-HMA粘接性能的影响。研究结果表明:以4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、聚酯多元醇EVONIK7360为原料,当R=0.99、w(BDO)=2%(相对于聚酯多元醇总质量而言)时,制备的TPU-HMA对铝塑膜具有相对较好的粘接效果,其最终剥离强度为30.0 N/8 mm。     

硫酸钡填充热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的热性能研究

通过Brabender塑性仪熔融挤出硫酸钡（BaSO4）填充的聚醚型聚氨酯弹性体（PO-TPU）、聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体（PE-TPU）复合材料。凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）和热失重分析（TG）研究表明，BaSO4的存在催化了热塑性聚氨酯弹性体（TPU）热降解。相对于纯PO-TPU挤出，PO-TPU／BaSO4的数均相对分子质量M^-a减少了13．4％，重均相对分子质量M^-w减少了32．6％；相对于纯PE-TPU挤出，PE-TPU／BaSO4的M^-n减少了34．5％，M^-w减少了51．6％。在大约320℃之前，BaSO4填充的TPU具有更大的质量损失速率，且对PE-TPU影响尤为明显。相应的力学性能测试表明，TPU／BaSO4复合材料表现出更大的降低幅度。这显示了BaSO4加速了TPU的分解，对分解过程起到了催化促进作用。     

热可逆共价交联热塑性弹性体

热可逆共价交联热塑性弹性体焦书科（北京化工大学高分子材料系，１０００２９）热可逆共价交联反应是一类利用环戊二烯（ＣＰＤ）和双环戊二烯（ＤＣＰ）之间的热可逆转化（即Ｄｉｅｌｓ－Ａｌｄｅｒ反应和逆Ｄｉｅｌｓ－Ａｌｄｅｒ反应）、使含活性基团的橡胶转化成含Ｃ...     

聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体TPU的合成

运用聚乙二醇(PEG)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)制备了聚醚型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体TPU。运用正交实验,总结出合成聚氨酯热塑性弹性体反应的最佳合成工艺条件:硬段含量Ch=40%,异氰酸酯指数R值=1.02,反应温度T=80℃,反应时间t=1.5 h。通过红外分析、元素分析、差示量热扫描分析确定了聚氨酯中链段的单元结构及性能。     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的合成与应用

一、前言热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(简称TPU)是1958年由B·F.Goodrich公司首先开发的。此后,由于它具有高強度、高耐磨、耐屈挠及耐寒性等优异性能而被人们所认识,因此,其用途日渐广泛,产量逐年递增。TPU的主要生产厂家集中在西欧、日本和     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体合成的研究

以聚四氢呋喃醚二醇、4,4’-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯及1,4-丁二醇为原料,采用双螺杆反应挤出机进行了生产热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的研究,对有关影响因素进行了讨论。生产规模为500t／a。该合成方法具有工艺简单、生产率高等优点,产品的性能与国外同类产品相当。     

软段对热塑性聚氨酯热熔胶性能的影响

以多元醇[如聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBA)、聚己二酸乙二醇酯(PEA)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)和苯酐聚酯多元醇(2502A)等]为软段,4,4′-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)链段为硬段,合成了一系列聚氨酯热熔胶(PU-HMA)。着重探讨了多元醇的结晶性、组成及其配比对PU-HMA性能的影响。研究结果表明:软段的结晶性对PU-HMA的粘接强度有一定影响;PBA和PTMG共混有利于降低PU-HMA的熔点、缩短熔程,但其粘接强度下降;当软段中m(PBA)∶m(PTMG)∶m(2502A)=100∶10∶2时,相应PU-HMA的熔点(45.1℃)进一步降低,但粘接强度(4.25 MPa)明显提高。     

单组分聚氨酯反应型热熔胶制备与性能研究

以聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇 (PBA) ,聚四氢呋喃二醇 (PTMG)及聚氧化丙烯二醇 (PPG)为软段 ,以 4,4’ -二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯 (MDI)和 1,4-丁二醇为硬软 ,制备了一系列快速固化单组分聚氨酯反应型热熔胶 ,考察了不同软段对热熔胶的粘接强度、耐水性、耐热性、结晶度等的影响。结果表明 ,以PTMG为软段制得的热熔胶具有较佳的综合性能     

纤维级热塑性聚氨酯合成的研究

以聚己二酸乙二醇聚酯二醇（PFA）、4,4＇-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）和1,4-丁二醇（BDO）为原料合成纤维级热塑性聚氨酯,研究了低聚物分子质量、硬段含量、反应温度以及物料含水量对热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）性能的影响,得出了三颈瓶法合成纤维级TPU的最佳配方和合适的反应条件。     

Influence of synthesis temperature on thermal properties of thermoplastic polyurethane prepared by torque rheometer

In this study, thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) were obtained in a torque rheometer (an instrumented batch mixer) at 70, 80, and 90°C, and the thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). DSC results showed that the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the rubber phase is not affected by the synthesis temperature. The increase in synthesis temperature promoted side reactions, which modified the crystallization process and reduced nucleation and growth rate (k′) during the first stage of crystallization. From TGA analysis, it was observed that the TPU prepared at 70°C showed the highest activation energy (E_a) of decomposition, whereas the TPU synthesized at 80°C showed the lowest E_a values. The rigid‐phase decomposition mechanisms were mainly phase boundary controlled reaction (R_n) and random nucleation with one nucleus on the individual particle (F₁). These results show that side reactions (other than formation of urethane groups) could occur during the synthesis of polyurethane at temperatures lower than 100°C, and even a small amount of these side reactions influence the thermal properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of the synthesis conditions on the properties of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (TPUs) of constant composition were prepared by using the prepolymer method and by changing the reaction conditions (prepolymerization and chain‐extension time) to study the influence of these conditions on the final TPU properties. The TPUs were characterized by gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, strain–stress measurements, and contact‐angle measurements. To test the adhesion properties of the TPUs, poly(vinyl chloride) strips were bonded to each other by using TPU solutions and the T‐peel strength of the adhesive joints was measured. It was found that provided a threshold is crossed, the prepolymerization time markedly influences the final properties of the TPUs (viscosity of solutions, molecular weight, mechanical and adhesive behavior), whereas the chain extension time does not. Therefore, it is possible to prepare TPUs with specific properties by playing with the prepolymerization conditions. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 1590–1595, 2000     

MDI基热塑性聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体性能的研究

以4,4′-苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）、聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇（PBA）、1,4-丁二醇（BDO）为原料,采用一步法合成热塑性聚氨酯弹性体（TPU）。在n（—NCO）/n（—OH）（R值）恒定条件下,研究了PBA相对分子质量、BDO添加量与TPU性能关系,并由红外光谱、热重、X射线衍射分别表征了TPU的结构、热性能和结晶特性。研究发现：R值、BDO量和MDI量恒定时,PBA的相对分子质量越高,TPU的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率均呈增加趋势;R值恒定,以相对分子质量3 000的PBA为原料,TPU的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率均随BDO添加量的增加而增加;TPU的热分解温度高于300℃,结晶特性显著。     

高支化聚氨酯的合成及性能研究

端羧基丁腈橡胶(CTBN)经改性后得到f-CTBN(含端双羟基);然后以f-CTBN和PEG(聚乙二醇)为主要原料,采用逐步聚合法合成了高支化嵌段PU(聚氨酯);最后分别以H12MDI(4,4′-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯)或HDI(l,6-己二异氰酸酯)为固化剂,制备相应的浇铸体。研究结果表明:f-CTBN/PEG-1000/HDI基PU材料表面存在许多呼吸型微孔,其强度和模量较高、韧性良好,在生物医学领域,尤其是医用薄膜产品方面具有极大的应用潜力。     

脂肪族聚氨酯二丙烯酸酯的合成与性能研究

以聚己内酯二醇、3-异氰酸酯基亚甲基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基异氰酸酯、丙烯酸羟乙酯为原料合成脂肪族聚氨酯二丙烯酸酯。实验结果表明,预聚物64份,四氢呋喃丙烯酸酯30份,γ-缩水甘油醚基丙基三甲氧基硅烷1份,1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮3份,纳米二氧化硅2份配制的UV胶,具有较佳的力学性能、耐热、耐湿热性能,综合性能接近loctite3106。     

增容剂对硅橡胶/热塑性聚氨酯热塑性硫化胶性能的影响

采用动态硫化法制备了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）/热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）共混型热塑性硫化胶（TPV）,考察了增容剂的种类及用量对TPV力学性能及加工流变性能的影响。结果表明,随着增容剂用量的增加,TPV的力学性能呈先上升后下降的趋势。相比于乙烯丙烯酸共聚物和乙烯与乙酸乙烯嵌段共聚物,用聚烯烃弹性体接枝马来酸酐（POE-g-MAH）作为增容剂时TPV的力学性能更为优异。3种增容剂均能提高TPV中MVQ相与TPU相的相容性。当POE-g-MAH的用量为6份时,TPV中MVQ相与TPU相的玻璃化转变温度靠近程度最大,两相界面较为模糊,增容效果最佳。     

Rheological and thermal properties of glycidyl azide polyol‐based energetic thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of polyol on glycidyl azide polyol (GAP)‐based energetic thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers (ETPEs). Briefly, a series of GAP/polyol‐based ETPEs (GAP/polyol ETPEs) with different copolyol ratios and hard segment contents were synthesized using GAP‐diol with common polyol and 4,4‐methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)‐extended 1,5‐pentanediol as soft and hard segments, respectively, by solution polymerization in dimethylformamide. The three types of polyols used were poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMG), polycarbonate‐diol (PCL‐diol) and polycaprolactone‐diol (PCD‐diol). The synthesized GAP/polyol ETPEs were identified and characterized using Fourier transform infrared and ¹H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and rheometric mechanical spectrometry. For GAP/PCL ETPEs with lower hard segment content, DSC results showed that the GAP segment failed to interact with either the PCL segment or PCL melting. In addition, the results of DMA showed that the presence of PCL segments in ETPEs improved the storage modulus below the melting temperature of the PCL block. Further, the crystalline PCL segments were attributed to reinforcing the ETPEs in a manner similar to that of the hard domain. As the hard segment content increased in the GAP/polyol ETPEs, both GAP/PTMG ETPEs and GAP/PCL ETPEs exhibited microphase separation transitions, while rheological experiments demonstrated a sudden decrease in complex viscosity in neighboring microphase separation transitions. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

Study on thermoplastic polyurethane/montmorillonite nanocomposites

The thermoplastic polyurethane/montmorillonite (TPU/MMT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation. The structure and property of the TPU/MMT nanocomposites were studied by XRD, TEM, TG, Molau test, and mechanical property measurement. The interlayer spacing between the MMT platelets in TPU/MMT nanocomposites blended for 10 and 15 min was the same. The silicate platelets were dispersed in TPU matrix on 5–15 nm scale for TPU/MMT nanocomposites. The interface interaction between the silicate layers and TPU matrix for TPU/MMT nanocomposites was strong. Compared to those of pure TPU, the tensile strength and tear strength of the TPU/MMT nanocomposites increased. The tensile strength and tear strength of the TPU/MMT nanocomposites decreased with increasing blending time because of the degradation of the TPU matrix. The thermal stability of the TPU/MMT nanocomposites was lower than that of the pure TPU in the first step, whereas in the second step, the TPU/MMT nanocomposites showed higher thermal stability. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

磺酸盐型水性聚氨酯的合成与性能研究

以聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBA)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和乙二胺基磺酸钠(A-95)为主要原料,合成了系列磺酸盐型水性聚氨酯(WPU);研究了磺酸盐含量和扩链时间对WPU性能的影响,分析了磺酸盐型WPU的生产工艺。研究结果表明,磺酸盐型和羧酸型WPU的红外吸收差别不大,磺酸盐含量越高,预聚体粘度就越大,乳液外观也越好,胶膜的机械强度也就越高;扩链时间越长,乳化前预聚体粘度就越大;当w(磺酸盐)=1.5%、扩链时间为25min时磺酸盐型WPU的综合性能最好,此时乳液粘度为37mPa·s、固含量为50%,胶膜的拉伸强度为14.06MPa;磺酸盐型WPU的生产工艺比DMPA型WPU更加简单、高效和环保,并可以实现连续化生产。