二苄基锡双(对氨基苯甲酸)酯的合成及结构研究

二苄基氧化锡与对氨基苯甲酸反应合成了二苄基锡双 (对氨基苯甲酸 )酯 ,经X- 射线方法测定了新化合物的晶体结构 ,属单斜晶系 ,空间群为P2 ( 1) /n ,晶体学参数 :a =1 .12 0 9(4)nm ,b =0 . 86 0 2 (3)nm ,c =2. 6 5 2 0 (10 )nm ,β =93. 95 3(5 )° ,V =2. 5 5 12 (17)nm3 ,Z =4 ,Dc =1. 4 92g/cm3 ,μ(MoKα) =10 .38cm-1,F(0 0 0 ) =116 0 ,R1=0 . 0 4 6 8,wR2 =0 . 0 896。在化合物中 ,锡原子呈六配位的畸变八面体构型。     

3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮镁的合成及分子结构研究

用盐酸半缩脲和甲酸缩合 ,得 1,2 ,4 三唑 5 酮 (TO) ,采用直接硝化法合成了 3 硝基 1,2 ,4 三唑 5 酮 (NTO) ,利用碱式碳酸镁与NTO溶液进行反应合成了其镁盐并培养出单晶。通过X射线单晶结构分析法确定了分子结构 ,该化合物属单斜晶系 ,C2 /c点群。其分子式可表示为 [Mg(H2 O) 6](NTO) 2 ·2H2 O ,晶体学参数为 :a =2 .310 1(3)nm ,b =0 .6 472 (1)nm ,c =1.4118(3)nm ,β =12 4.0 5 (1)°,V =1.7489(5 )nm3,Z =4     

肉桂醛-2-呋喃甲酰腙钴配合物的合成、晶体结构及热稳定性

以肉桂醛-2-呋喃甲酰腙与Co Cl2·6H2O为原料,在不同的反应条件下合成得到两个钴配合物,并通过FTIR、热重分析、X-射线单晶衍射等手段对其进行了表征。X-射线单晶衍射结果表明:两个配合物均为四角双锥构型,属单斜晶系。配合物Co(L)2(H2O)2属P21/c空间群,晶胞参数为a=1.706 2(2)nm,b=1.059 17(13)nm,c=0.742 00(9)nm;β=101.738(2)°,V=1.312 9(3)nm3,Z=2。配合物Co(L)2(Imz)2属C2/c空间群,晶胞参数为a=2.481 4(2)nm,b=0.848 96(8)nm,c=1.936 96(18)nm;β=121.132 0(10)°,V=3.492 7(6)nm3,Z=4。热重分析表明,两个配合物均有较高的热稳定性。     

高氯酸·三(1,2-丙二胺)合锌(Ⅱ)的合成表征与晶体结构

以高氯酸锌、1,2-丙二胺(1,2-pn)为原料在甲醇介质中反应,合成得到了新颖单核锌配合物[Zn(1,2-pn)3](ClO4)2,用元素分析、IR、1HNMR和热重分析等手段对该化合物的结构进行了表征,并用单晶X-射线衍射法测得其晶体结构为单斜晶系,空间点群为C2/c,晶体学参数为:a=2.971 4(11)nm,6=0.978 0(4)nm,c=1.780 3(5)nm,a=90.00°,β=122.90(2)°,γ=90.00°,V=4.344(3)nm3,Dc=1.488 g/cm3,Z=8,F(000)=2 032,u=1.421 mm-1.     

2-硝亚胺基-5-硝基-六氢化-1,3,5-三嗪的晶体结构

以水为溶剂培养得到了2-硝亚胺基-5-硝基-六氢化-1,3,5-三嗪(NNHT)单晶,用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振等对其结构进行了表征,用X-射线单晶衍射仪测定了其晶体结构.结果表明,NNHT的分子式为C3H6N6O4,相对分子质量为190.14,晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为P21/c.晶体学参数为:a=0.939 3(2)nm,b=0.859 0(2)nm,c=0.901 5(2)nm,β=91.173(4)°,V=0.7272(3)nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.737 g·cm-3,μ=0.157 mm-1,F(000)=392,最终偏差因子R1=0.058 3.分析了NNHT和RDX、NQ的结构差别,讨论了其感度和结构之间的关系.     

锌(Ⅱ)与2-吡咯硫代甲酸配合物的合成及晶体结构

合成了锌 (Ⅱ )与 2 吡咯硫代甲酸的配合物 [Zn(S2 CC4H4N) 2 ]2 。用X 射线单晶衍射测定了该配合物的晶体结构。结果表明 ,配合物为三斜晶系 ,空间群P1 - ,a =0 80 34(1 5 )nm ,b =0 80 34(1 5 )nm ,c =1 2 31 (2 )nm ,α =73 5 8(3)° ,β =73 5 8(3)° ,γ =87 2 8(2 )° ,Z =2 ,V =0 731 (2 )nm3 ,Dc =1 5 90g/cm3 ,F(0 0 0 ) =35 2 ,R1 =0 0 6 1 0 ,wR2 =0 1 0 5 5。锌原子为畸变的四面体构型 ,由于两个硫代羧酸基的桥联作用 ,配合物以环状结构存在     

[Ni(DETA)2]2+络合离子的溴及硅钨酸杂多配合物的制备

(DETA) 2 Ni(CH3COO) 2 与H4SiW12 O40 在无水乙醇中反应制得了一种新化合物 [(DETA) 2 Ni](H2 SiW12 O40 ) ,其中DETA是二乙撑三胺 [(H2 NCH2 CH2 ) 2 NH]。并通过IR光谱、元素分析、对酯化反应的催化、以及与 [(DETA) 2 Ni]Br2 (H2 O)的比较研究 ,对它进行了表征。 [(DETA) 2 Ni]Br2 (H2 O)单晶为单斜晶系 ,P2 I/c空间群 ,a =1 3832 (3)nm ,b =0 880 3(2 )nm ,c=1 42 6 1 (3)nm ,β =1 0 1 5 2 (3)° ,V =1 70 1 7(6 )nm3,Z =4,镍 (Ⅱ )具有六配位畸变八面体构型     

Pt/H_xMoO_3电极上甲醇的催化氧化

铂电极在c(K2 PtCl6) =2 .5× 10 -3 mol/L、c(Na2 MoO4 ) =0 .0 5mol/L、c(H2 SO4 ) =0 .5mol/L的溶液中 ,电位为 +1 1～ - 0 2V(vs.SCE) ,以 2 0mV/s的速度循环扫描 10min ,可制得一种Pt/HxMoO3 电极。用循环伏安和电位阶跃方法研究了在所制备电极上甲醇的氧化。实验结果表明 ,所制备电极对甲醇的氧化有催化作用 :(1)氧化电位比在Pt/Pt电极上降低 0 12 5V ;(2 )氧化电流为Pt/Pt电极的 6倍。讨论了Pt/HxMoO3 电极对甲醇氧化的催化机理。     

3,5–二硝基吡唑的晶体结构分析

以水为溶剂,培养了3,5–二硝基吡唑单晶,并用X射线等对其进行了分析。结果表明:培养的3,5–二硝基吡唑单晶的分子式为C3H2N4O4,相对分子质量为158,晶体属于正交晶系,Pca2(1)空间群,晶体学参数如下:a=1.065 6(4)nm,b=1.040 6(4)nm,c=1.063 0(4)nm,V=1.178 7(8)nm3,Dc=1.782 g/cm3,μ=0.166 nm–1,F(000)=640,Z=5;最终偏差因子R1=0.036 2。     

[Ni（IMI）6]（NO3）2的制备与晶体结构

咪唑(IMI)与硝酸镍反应,得到硝酸六咪唑合镍配合物,并培养出单晶。元素分析、红外光谱、X射线单晶衍射等分析表明,该晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为P21/n,晶胞参数a=1.235 0(3)nm,b=1.235 0(3)nm,c=1.480 0(3)nm,β=90.579(2)°,V=1.955 0(7)nm3,Dc=1.491 g/cm3,Z=4,F(000)=900,R1=0.034 4,wR2=0.095 5。该化合物的分子式为[Ni(IMI)6](NO3)2,是由6个咪唑分子直接与二价镍离子配位,硝酸根离子结合形成的配合物。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。