玉门石油沟油田M油藏生物聚合物驱油技术研究

石油沟油田Ｍ层是裂缝、低渗透、高含盐油藏，选用增粘、耐盐、抗剪切性能均较聚丙烯酰胺好的生物聚合物（黄胞胶）为驱油剂。数值模拟结果表明，采用浓度递减的多个段塞注入，驱油效率较高；多管岩心驱替试验表明，０．１２５％黄胞胶＋０．１５％甲醛从高Ｓｏｒ／Ｋｗ比岩心中驱油的效率最高。在单井注入的矿场先导试验中，每注入１吨黄胞胶增产原油２４８吨。在四井注入的矿场扩大试验中，根据１９９４年１０月底前的统计数字，驱油效果良好。     

大庆油田萨南东部过渡带注CO_2驱油先导性矿场试验研究

１９８８年大庆油田在萨南东部过渡带开辟了注ＣＯ２试验区，１９９０年至１９９５年底先后对葡Ⅰ２油层和萨Ⅱ１０～１４油层进行了非混相ＣＯ２驱油先导性矿场试验。两次试验均采用先进行前期水驱，尔后进行水、气交替注入方式，ＣＯ２气体注入总量各为０．２ＰＶ左右。矿场试验用的ＣＯ２是大庆炼油厂的副产品，纯度为９６％。这两次矿场试验结果表明，降低了水油比和水驱剩余油饱和度，采收率提高６．０％ＯＯＩＰ，每增采１ｔ原油需注入２２００ｍ３ＣＯ２气体。     

活性剂WPS驱提高采收率先导试验研究

介绍了ＷＰＳ活性剂驱油机理,室内研究及矿场试验情况。驱油机理的本质是降低界面张力,使残余油膜、油珠易于变形,降低流动体系的粘度,改善两相流度比,提高波及系数。     

大庆油田萨南东部过渡带注CO2驱油先导性矿场试验研究

１９８８年大庆油田在萨南东部过渡带开辟了注ＣＯ２试验区，１９９０年至１９９５年底先后对葡Ｉ２油层和萨Ⅱ１０－１４油层进行了非混相ＣＯ２驱油先导性矿场试验，两次试验均采用先进行前期水驱，尔后进行水，气交替注水方式，ＣＯ２气体注入总量各为０．２ＰＶ左右，矿场试验用的ＣＯ２是大庆炼油厂的副产品，纯度为９６％，这两次矿场试验结果表明，降低了水油比和水驱剩余油饱和度，采收率提高６．０％ＯＯＩＰ，每增采１ｔｄ     

冻胶泡沫调剖与水热催化降黏一体化技术

室内优选了冻胶泡沫和催化降黏体系配方。微观驱替实验表明, 冻胶泡沫体系能够选择性封堵大孔道, 增大蒸汽在地层中的波及系数; 冻胶泡沫调剖与水热催化降黏物理模拟实验, 冻胶泡沫调剖后, 注入含催化降黏剂０ ． ５ ％的蒸汽, 采出油的饱和烃、 芳香烃含量增加, 胶质、 沥青质含量减少, 降黏率达 ９ ６ ． ７ ９ ％, 提高采收率２ １  ９ ３ ％。该技术在辽河油田洼３ ８－ ３ ５－ ４ ０ ３ ８井进行了矿场应用, 注汽压力升高１ ． ９ＭＰ ａ , 含水率下降２ ２ ． ４ １ ％, 累计增油３ ０ ０余吨, 效果明显。     

兴1块复合驱配方室内筛选研究

化学驱提高原油采收率的能力主要取决于体系的界面张力。用实验方法研究了聚合物、表面活性剂对兴１块驱油体系界面张力的影响。结果表明：表面活性剂对降低界面张力起重大作用，而聚合物则影响甚微；单纯碱剂或碱浓度小于０．５％的复合配方不能使兴１块驱油体系界面张力降至超低。初步得出了兴１块复合驱配方，其中二元配方为：（１．５％～２．０％）Ｎａ２ＣＯ３＋（８００～１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ）Ｍｏ－３０００；三元配方为：（１．５％～２．０％）Ｎａ２ＣＯ３＋０．２％ＡＤＦ４（或ＬＨ）＋（８００～１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ）Ｍｏ－３０００。它们均可将体系界面张力降至１０－３ｍＮ／ｍ数量级，为该区块复合驱数模及矿场试验提供了基础数据。     

注硫酸提高原油采收率试验研究II

“注硫酸提高原油采收率试验研究Ｉ”硫酸驱一种低成本和和很具有发展潜力的提高原油采收率的方法，但硫酸对油层造成的伤害和对钢铁的腐蚀在很大程度上即限掉了硫权驱大规模进入矿场，针对这一点开展了硫酸对钢铁的腐蚀对缓蚀剂的筛选评价试验，不同注和量的硫酸驱油试验，以及硫酸驱以油对层伤害的原因探讨等。通过试验研究，筛选出两种硫酸缓蚀剂，缓蚀率高者可达９３．８％，硫酸注入量为０．１ＰＶ，０．２ＰＶ时产出液硫酸浓度     

适用于大庆油田的天然混合羧酸盐ASP驱油体系

针对酸值为０．１ ｍｇ ＫＯＨ／ｇ 的大庆原油,通过相态研究和界面张力测定进行配方初选,通过稳定性测定进行配方调整,得到了以天然混合羧酸盐ＳＤＣ为表面活性剂的ＡＳＰ三元复合驱油体系：１ ．２％ 复碱（ 质量比１∶１ 的Ｎａ２ＣＯ３ ＋ ＮａＨＣＯ３）＋ ０．６％ ＳＤＣ５＋ ０ ．５％ 植物胶（ 苎麻胶） ＋ ０ ．１６％ ＨＰＡＭ（ ＢＰ７） 。此体系与大庆原油间的最低瞬时界面张力为５ ．９３ ×１０－ ４ ｍＮ／ｍ 。在室内用两种填砂管模型进行驱油实验,得到的采收率为１８ ．８ ％ 和１９．１ ％ （ ＯＯＩＰ）,注入１ ｇ ＳＣＤ５ 驱出原油１３８．３ ｍＬ。     

低渗透复杂小断块轻油油藏CO_2吞吐研究

主要分析了江苏富民油田（以下简称ＦＭ油田）富４６（以下简称Ｆ４６）断块生产井Ｆ４８进行ＣＯ２吞吐的室内研究和矿场试验结果。室内长岩心吞吐试验结果表明：ＣＯ２吞吐最佳注入量为０．２～０．３ＰＶ，可增加水驱残余油采收率１０％以上；数值模拟结果表明：控制ＣＯ２注入量（＜１２１．３×１０３ｍ３）、浸泡期（７天）、返排速度（＜５０ｍ３／ｄ）及提高注入速度可获得最佳的吞吐效果，但第二周期吞吐效果远不如第一周期吞吐效果好，这可以用增加采油量和换油率（ＣＯ２利用率的倒数）来评价。现场试验采用管线输送和液态注入工艺方法，实施后，Ｆ４８井初期日增油８ｔ，有效期１４个月，累积净增油１５００ｔ，投入产出比为１∶５．８２，内部收益率８９％。证明ＣＯ２吞吐技术在低渗透复杂小断块轻油油藏运用是可行的。     

特低渗油藏表面活性剂改善水驱实验研究及应用

为提高红河油田特低渗油藏的采收率,开展了表面活性剂驱改善水驱效果的实验研究及矿场试验。室内评价表明:用皂角原料制得的表面活性剂ZJ2-2与地层水配伍性好,对岩心伤害小,同时具有良好的降低界面张力性能和改变岩石表面润湿性能,能大幅度提高驱油效率。矿场试验表明:ZJ2-2表面活性剂能有效降低注入压力,提高注入井的注入能力,有效补充地层能量。截止2013年5月试验井组累计增油130 t。     

阿姆河右岸酸性气田井口冲蚀及对策

中亚土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸气田群为高含H_2S和CO_2的碳酸盐岩气藏,单井产量高,井口设备均出现了不同程度的腐蚀。初步分析认为其原因是生产过程中仅考虑酸性介质对气井井口的化学腐蚀,而没有考虑气体流速对井口的冲蚀作用,极大地影响了气田的安全生产。为此,通过对节流阀上下游阀道、法兰面均出现明显坑状腐蚀的进一步分析,明确了化学腐蚀和气体冲蚀的交互作用是井口磨损的主要影响因素,气流冲刷腐蚀坑的化学腐蚀产物会加速冲蚀损害;进而借鉴冲蚀与腐蚀运行环境下的多相管流管道的磨损计算理论,计算了该运行环境下的冲蚀极限速度,得到了不同生产工况下节流阀的抗冲蚀流量;最后,根据气田生产情况,针对性地提出了按气井配产要求来选择采气树类型、节流阀通径及类型冲蚀的技术控制策略。此举为气田安全生产提供了工程技术保障。     

山前地区深井超深井套管防磨与减磨技术研究

针对山前地区深井超深井钻井过程中套管磨损严重的问题,在分析套管磨损机理的基础上,开展了山前地区套管防磨与减磨技术研究,基于技术研究成果及应用实践,得到如下结论:1应用Power V等垂直钻井系统控制井眼轨迹,特别是上部井段的狗腿度和井斜,可明显减小侧向力和磨损量,缩短套管磨损时间;2应综合考虑套管磨损率、磨损系数以及钻杆耐磨带本身的磨损量,优选出效果最优的耐磨带;在狗腿度严重的位置,可考虑采用一定数量的橡胶钻杆卡箍来减轻对套管的磨损;3山前地区钻井液采用CX-300减磨剂能够显著降低磨损速率,减轻套管磨损程度,但在不同钻井液体系使用之前应进行优化分析以确定最佳使用量;4在迪那204井使用高密度钻井液体系,全部采用优选的高密度重晶石粉代替铁矿粉作为加重剂,整个钻进过程中未出现钻具及套管磨损,迪那204井易损件消耗量仅为邻井迪那203井的左右,防磨减磨效果非常显著。     

Biodiesel Projects Helpful to Ease Energy Shortage

Nearly 7,000 hectares of biodiesel forest will take shape in the northern province of Hebei in 2008, part of a national campaign to fuel the fast growing economy in a green way. In no more than five years, the Pistacia chinensis Bunge, whose seeds have an oil content of up to 40 percent, will yield five tons of fruit and contribute about two tons of high-quality biological diesel oil, according to the provincial forestry administration.     

State Energy Base Proposed in Inner Mongolia

Experts recently suggested China set up a state energy base in lnner Mongolia Autonomous Region to ease its energy thirst. The survey was co-conducted by senior researchers from the National Development and Reform Commission, Development Research Center of the State Council, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Finance. To plan and establish strategic energy bases at state level is in line with the principle of ＂giving priority to energy saving and diversifying energy consumption with the utility of coal at the core.＂     

Influence of Shale Oil Boom in North America upon nternational Crude Price Flucturation

正Current stituation of shale oil development in the world The US The country is blessed with abundant shale oil resources and had matersed whole sets of theories and technologies needed for their exploration and development after years of practices.According to an assessment of shale oil resources in major countries and regions of the world issued by the U.S.Energy Information Agency(EIA),the US ranks the second in the world with its 6.8 billion tons of technically recoverable shale oil(shale oil in place is about 136.3 tons).About 8plays had been confirmed to have     

A Sintering-resistant Pd/C Composite Catalyst for Ethylbenzene DehydrogenationDeveloped by CAS Institute of Metals

Carbon deposition is a commonplace phenomenon occurringin the catalytic reaction process, in particular inthe system of direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene,because the reactant - ethylbenzene molecules on thesurface of metal oxide catalysts are prone to quickly formcarbon deposits, leading to deactivation of catalysts. Recently,the associate research fellow Mr. Liu Hongyangand the research fellow Mr. Su Dangsheng of the StateShenyang Material Science （United ） Laboratory of theInstitute of Metal Research, CAS by taking advantageof the carbon deposition process during direct dehydrogenationof ethylbenzene have ingeniously designeda Pd/C composite catalyst. This catalyst in comparisonwith the traditional commercial carbon nanotubesupported Pd catalyst shows a significantly improved performancein terms of its catalytic activity and sinteringresistantability.     

ZPEB Overseas Markets Keep Steady and Efficient Development

In recent years, Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau （ZPEB） has made rapid development in overseas petroleum markets through its integrated reorganization. A new international business plattbrm established, aimed at becoming a highly ranked contractor with international petroleum engineering technology. ZPEB has expanded its business scope and scale, regulated the market structure,     

New Era for China-Brazil Relations

China and Brazil celebrated the 40th anniversary of establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries in July this year. Bilateral relations between China and Brazil have entered a new stage, and experts expect the already extensive cooperation between the two countries to deepen and broaden as Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Brazil in mid-July, which is his first state visit to Brazil since he assumed the office last year. The visit to China＇s largest trade partner in Latin America is at the invitation of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff.     

Large Scale Ethylene Production Package Technology SuccessfullyDeveloped by CNPC

The CNPC Group has successfully developed a largescaleethylene production package technology with independentintellectual property rights, which has beensuccessfully applied in the 1.2 Mt/a ethylene revamp andexpansion project at the Daqing Petrochemical Complex（DPC）.     

Recent Advancements in Petroleum E & P Equipments in China

The role of equipments in oil and gas exploration and development had never been attached with so much importance as that in shale oil and gas boom in the U.S. With the help of massive hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling techniques, the U.S., the world＇s No. 1 oil importer even started to dream about energy self-sufficiency with its proudly high production of shale oil and gas from several major shale plays in the country. However, what behind this remarkable achievement are powerful multi-stage hydraulic fracturing machinery and smart tools for directional drilling.