烟气脱硫系统控制策略

结合火力发电厂烟气脱硫工程设计,论述了石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺中烟气系统、增压风机系统、吸收塔系统及工艺水系统等系统的控制策略。     

大机组湿法烟气脱硫系统用水分析

针对大机组湿式石灰石-石膏法脱硫系统,对锅炉燃煤收到基硫分高低、烟气量大小、吸收塔进出口烟气温差及脱硫工艺、脱硫设备等因素对脱硫系统用水量、耗水量的影响进行了分析。根据工程具体煤质情况计算,提出了大机组石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫装置各点的工艺用水及耗水量。指出了大机组的工艺用水指标和大机组的耗水量特点,总结出大机组石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫工艺装置配套建设烟气换热器是整套装置节水的唯一有效途径。     

影响石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统水平衡的运行因素

对石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统及其吸收塔在不同设计条件下进行了水平衡计算,分析了运行过程中水平衡的影响因素,为脱硫装置的运行管理提供参考。     

影响石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统水平衡的设计因素

对石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统及其吸收塔在不同设计条件下进行水平衡计算,分析了设计过程中水平衡的分析思路和影响因素,为相关设计提供参考。     

湿法脱硫运行与维护中存在的问题

研究了某发电公司600MW超临界燃煤机组应用石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫中遇到的几个实际问题,重点讨论分析了粉尘浓度、吸收塔溢流、工艺设计等对脱硫系统运行与维护所产生的影响,对脱硫系统运行中存在的问题提出了几项整改措施。     

FGD运行调整与石膏品质研究

在石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统中,吸收塔浆液密度、pH值、液气比、钙硫比、氧化风压力等重要参数决定了整个脱硫系统的效率和石膏的品质,通对优化运行方式、合理配置参数的讨论,试图找出整个系统运行的最佳平衡点,以保证较高的脱硫效率,同时又能提高石膏的品质。     

脱硫添加剂对湿法脱硫系统的影响

为研究脱硫添加剂对石灰石一石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统的影响,在湖北西塞山发电有限公司330MW机组进行了脱硫添加剂试验,分析了试验前、后吸收塔浆液中CaCO3,Cl-,CaSO3的质量分数,石膏中CaSO4质量分数以及含水率等参数的变化情况。试验结果表明：脱硫添加剂能够在入口烟气中SO2的体积分数为0．7％的情况下,将SO2脱除效率从92％提高到95％,并能停运2台浆液循环泵;同时减少了吸收塔中Cl-的质量分数,提高了CaCO3的利用率,石膏纯度提高,石膏含水率降低。     

液压顶升装置在烟气湿法脱硫改造工程中的应用

介绍了液压顶升装置在烟气湿法脱硫改造工程中的应用情况以及液压顶选用和吸收塔改造倒装的方法,通过相关计算,证明了吸收塔顶升的安全性。     

火电厂石灰石湿法脱硫系统吸收塔浆液致盲分析处理

巡检司电厂锅炉采用哈尔滨电气集团哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司法国ALSTOM公司技术设计生产的HG-1025/17.5-L.HM37型CFB锅炉。巡检司电厂2×300 MW机组采用石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺进行脱硫，脱硫装置采用“一炉一塔”方案，即每台机组1套脱硫系统，脱硫效率不低于97.6%，年等效利用小时数不低于5 500 h。石灰石浆液致盲，表现为石灰石溶解困难，无法正常电离，吸收塔pH值下降，脱硫效率无法保证，石膏中石灰石含量上升，脱水困难，真空偏高，吸收塔浆液CaCO₃含量超出正常值。主要对巡检司电厂2×300 MW机组石灰石湿法脱硫在高负荷运行期间吸收塔石灰石反应致盲现象进行分析，并围绕如何保障吸收塔脱硫效率，提高吸收塔浆液品质，避免发生环保事件，制定预防措施。     

吸收塔进石灰石浆液量频降原因分析

某厂脱硫系统采用石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫工艺。在吸收塔进石灰石浆液过程中,出现了石灰石浆液流量短时间内突然从20 m3/h降至4 m3/h的现象,重启冲洗管路后,该现象再次出现。对吸收塔进石灰石浆液量频降的原因进行了分析,提出了运行控制措施,吸收塔进石灰石浆液量频降的问题得以控制。     

石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫系统的细部设计优化

对石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫技术及已投运的脱硫工程进行了分析和研究,论述了脱硫各分系统一些细节方面的优化设计技巧,为脱硫工程的设计提供参考。     

Nitrification processes in scrubbing liquid of an exhaust air treatment system of a large-scale pig housing facility

The use of multi-staged exhaust air treatment systems is an effective method of substantially reducing the emission of ammonia, dust particles and odorous substances. Wet filter walls are able to absorb large amounts of ammonia when scrubbing fluid containing sulphuric acid is used. In addition, due to their large surface areas and the permanent supply of oxygen and nutrients, wet filter walls provide a basis for the development of biofilms containing nitrogen-converting bacteria. Cyclic nitrification processes could be observed in a two-stage exhaust air treatment system, which had been converted to function as a regulated process control system (elutriation at κ = 20 mS cm(-1); pH 6.5-6.8). With this system, the sulphuric acid requirement was periodically reduced every 6-8 weeks to less than 1 kg H(2)SO(4) per fattening place and year. There was an increased formation of nitrous oxide gas during nitrification after the wet filter stage. Electron-microscopic images of the biofilm growing on the wet filter wall showed aggregates of possible ammonium-oxidising and nitrite-oxidising bacteria.     

狮子山隧洞氯气赋存特性及综合控制技术研究

为探究氯气在地质构造中的赋存特征及其综合控制技术,文章以滇中引水工程狮子山隧洞为例,通过现场勘察和实测对氯气分布特征进行分析,提出以人工检测和自动监测相结合的方法对狮子山隧洞的氯气进行实时监控。实践证明:现场采用的智能化隧洞安全监控系统、专项超前预测预报、喷雾洒水、湿式凿岩和加强通风等措施能有效保证施工的安全。     

南方湿润区域水资源供需分析及配置方法研究

论述了湿润区域水资源供需分析及合理配置方法研究的必要性,及其对建立湿润地区水资源安全利用模式的重要意义;相比北方地区水问题研究特征,指出了在解决湿润地区水资源研究目标、内容及关键技术等方面应特别要考虑的问题;阐述了南方区域水资源供需分析及配置方法研究的主要目标,并较为具体地提出了该类区域水资源供需分析及合理配置的模型系统框架。     

浅议地下汽车库自动喷水灭火系统设计

介绍了地下汽车库自动喷水灭火系统的选择和流量计算。并阐述了湿式自动喷水灭火系统 ,湿式自动喷水 -泡沫联用灭火系统 ,预作用自动喷水灭火系统 ,预作用自动喷水 -泡沫联用灭火系统的设计及工作原理 ,以及泡沫液的种类及用量计算。     

A New Model for Simulating Supplemental Irrigation and the Hydro-Economic Potential of a Rainwater Harvesting System in Humid Subtropical Climates

Here we have developed a new model to simulate supplemental irrigation and the hydro-economic potential of a rainwater harvesting system in rainfed agricultural areas. Using the model, soil moisture in rainfed crop land, supplemental irrigation requirements, rainwater storage in an on-farm reservoir (OFR) system, and surface and ground water availability were predicted. In an irrigated system, an OFR was used to harvest rainwater during the rainy season, and stored water was applied to cropland as supplemental irrigation (SI). An economic analysis was performed to calculate the benefits due to an OFR irrigation system, and gains from increased crop yield and downstream water availability in the irrigated OFR system were compared with rainfed system (i.e. no OFR). In addition, we calculated the impacts of dry and wet seasons on total value gains (grain and water gains) for irrigated and rainfed conditions and performed a sensitivity analysis to quantify the impacts of model input parameters on total value gains. Analyses showed that the OFR system can produce crop yields three times greater than rainfed agriculture. During a water stress season, the total water use in the irrigated system was 65 % greater than for the rainfed system. Water use efficiency of the irrigated system was 82 % higher than for the rainfed system. In a dry season, the total value gains due to increased crop yield by supplemental irrigation and downstream water availability of the irrigated system were 74 % greater than for the rainfed system, while in a wet season the total value gain of the irrigated system was 14 % greater than for the rainfed system. A precipitation scenario analysis of wet and dry seasons indicated that the benefits of a rainwater harvesting system can be considerably greater in dry seasons than wet seasons.     

Precipitation variability in the Meuse basin in relation to atmospheric circulation.

The distribution of precipitation events in the Meuse basin during the past century has been found to reflect the large-scale atmospheric circulation, as characterised by the Grosswetterlagen system. Statistical analysis of the long observation records (1911-2002) for the basin showed that although the annual (November to October) and winter half-year (November to April) frequencies of wet days > or = 1 mm/day) were nearly stable, the associated precipitation amounts have significantly increased since 1980. From 1980 onwards, the very wet days (> or = 10 mm/day) in the winter half-year have become more frequent. No obvious change was identified for the summer half-year (May to October) very wet days. Both the precipitation amounts of wet and very wet days in the winter half-year and the occurrence of associated atmospheric circulation of the types/sub-types west cyclone, southwest cyclone and northwest cyclone showed a significant increase around 1980.