共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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X射线工业CT(ICT)依赖准直器压低散射光子存在实际困难和不足。为解决这一问题,需采用相应的修正软件加以校正。文章从理想的模型出发,近似推导透射式ICT中散射X光子的理论计算公式,并把计算结果与实验结果进行比较。比较结果表明,两者吻合较好。据此,文章给出了散射光子软件修正的可行性方案。 相似文献
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陈雪松 《核电子学与探测技术》2004,24(4):384-386
介绍了为保证大型工业CT采集所得数据的及时可靠传输,采用无线局域网技术设计了传输系统方案,并通过编程解决了传输速度的限制问题。 相似文献
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X射线CT中,X射束硬化导致重建图像中出现伪影,严重影响了图像质量。论文深入分析了射束硬化对原始投影数据的影响,并提出了一种基于基图像TV模型的射束硬化校正方法。该方法首先依据射束硬化的物理特征建立了带有可调参数的初步校正模型;其次,在不同的可调参数条件下,原始投影数据经该模型预处理变换得到多组预处理投影序列;再次,分别对预处理投影序列进行重建得到一系列校正基图像;最后,将基图像的线性组合作为最终重建图像。其中,加权系数的最优解是以最终重建图像的全变分(Total Variation,TV)函数作为目标函数,通过迭代法求得。为验证该算法,对真实的铝柱体模和工业检测件进行了实验,结果表明,该算法对射束硬化引起的杯状和条状伪影均有显著的抑制效果。 相似文献
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结合高能X射线工业CT的数据采集原理和特点,分析了基于FPGA的高能X射线数据采集系统的体系结构以及系统中积分电路IVC1022和多片A/D转换芯片AD7679基于FPGA的控制算法. 相似文献
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分析了高能X射线工业CT所常用的闪烁探测器的优缺点,及传统气体电离室探测器存在的不足。为克服这些缺点和不足,从X光子与物质相互作用理论出发,结合高能工业CT的结构特点,探讨了高能窄X射线束入射到薄金属片中X光子和光电子的输运过程,提出了以高密度的金属片作为X光子辐射转换体,以气体电子倍增器作为光电子倍增放大的新型高能工业CT探测器方案。并利用基于Linux平台的EGSnrc程序进行了Monte-Carlo仿真。从原理上说明了这种气体倍增探测器相对于传统气体电离室探测器,既有较高的探测效率,其体积也大为减小,替代高能工业CT传统的闪烁体探测器在理论上是可行的。 相似文献
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X射线螺旋CT机不同扫描条件下,用有机玻璃均匀模体测量多层扫描的CT剂量指数值,用均匀水模体测量CT值的均匀性及其噪声。比较了不同扫描条件下,患者肺部肿块影及片状影的CT图像质量。结果表明:曝露量为40、25、7.5mAs时的CT剂量指数值分别不超过曝露量为115mAs时的40%、30%和15%。本文用CT扫描“优化因子”作为图像质量、病人所受剂量的综合评价指标,实现了CT扫描条件优化的定量分析。虽然,随X射线曝露量减少,均匀模体断层内CT值噪声增加、正常图像百分率下降,但从图像质量、病人剂量综合考虑,X射线胸部CT扫描的曝露量宜取25mAs。 相似文献
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X射线工业CT中的数据采集 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了X射线工业CT中数据采集的一种方法.将X射线转换成与之成线性关系的微弱电流信号,通过检测电流信号测量出X射线的相对强度.这种采集方法可根据X射线的剂量强度,灵活的改变电流检测电路的参数,因此适用于不同能量级的X射线的采集.该X射线采集方法已经成功应用工业CT数据采集系统中. 相似文献
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与白光X射线动态显微CT(Micro Computed Tomography)相比,单色光X射线动态显微CT具有较低的辐射损伤和较高的密度分辨率,但是更难以平衡其空间和时间分辨率。目前,单色光X射线动态显微CT的最高时间分辨率可达到13.3 Hz,探测器有效像素尺寸为5μm。为了构建具有更高时空分辨率的单色光X射线动态显微CT系统,基于上海光源快速X光成像线站(BL16U2)的高通量密度单色光,将高速转台与三镜头大数值孔径快速X射线成像探测器相结合,构建了实验系统。以速发型聚氨酯材料为研究对象进行了验证实验,在15 keV单色光下动态显微CT的时间分辨率达到了20 Hz,探测器有效像素尺寸为2.2μm。对气泡运动进行相关定量分析,证明该系统具有高时空分辨率和高对比度分辨率,可以对复杂运动系统进行四维时空定量分析,为BL16U2线站用户进行高时空分辨率的复杂原位研究提供了强大的实验平台。 相似文献
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从工业CT图像探测断面内边缘的小波分析方法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了在工业计算机断层扫描成像(CT)中探测工件断面内边缘的小分析波方法,这种方法与从ICT图像级的传统方法比较,具有噪声低和边缘突出的特点,可滤去ICT图肿的非白噪声,这种方法也可用于医学CT等领域。 相似文献
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工业CT图像的三维重建是无损检测领域的重要组成部分.应用MATLAB编程,对连续多层工业CT图像进行了三维重建,获得了具有较好立体感显示的三维图像,通过对三维图像的剖切、透明等显示,可以观察到物体的内部结构,得到了更直观和丰富的物体检测信息. 相似文献
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《核技术(英文版)》2016,(3):9-19
A precise knowledge of geometry is always pivotal to a 3-D X-ray imaging system,such as computed tomography(CT),digital X-ray tomosynthesis,and computed laminography.To get an accurate and reliable reconstruction image,exact knowledge of geometry is indispensable.Nowadays,geometric calibration has become a necessary step after completing CT system installation.Various geometric calibration methods have been reported with the fast development of 3-D X-ray imaging techniques.In these methods,different measuring methods,calibration phantoms or markers,and calculation algorithms were involved with their respective advantages and disadvantages.This paper reviews the history and current state of geometric calibration methods for different3-D X-ray imaging systems.Various calibration algorithms are presented and summarized,followed by our discussion and outlook. 相似文献
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C.C. Ferreira J.W. Vieira A.F. Maia 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2009,267(20):3447-3455
We have evaluated the utilization of five X-ray spectra codes for Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of computed tomography (CT) examinations. Four codes (Xcomp5r, X-raytbc, X-rayb&m and Srs-78) are semi-empiricals and one is based on MC methods (EGSnrc/BEAM Monte Carlo code). The X-ray spectra calculated by the semi-empirical codes were compared with the X-ray spectrum calculated by the EGSnrc/BEAM MC code. The absorbed doses to each organ or tissue were also compared. The calculated doses, and its respective organs, for which occurs the greatest disagreement, as well as the calculated doses for the testes and red bone marrow (two important organs used for calculating effective dose) were presented. The results obtained in this work are in good agreement with those obtained by Ay [M.R. Ay, S. Sarkar, M. Shahriari, D. Sardari, H. Zaidi, Assessment of different computational models for generation of X-ray spectra in diagnostic radiology and mammography, Med. Phys. 32 (2005) 1660], mainly for the bremsstrahlung distribution. Also, it was noted that the total characteristic X-rays produced by the EGSnrc/BEAM MC code increases with the increase of voltage more intensely than with the Xcomp5r, X-raytbc and Srs-78 codes. Comparison between the absorbed dose to each organ or tissue showed that, for X-ray spectra with additional filtration, the code based on Tucker et al. is in agreement with EGSnrc/BEAM MC code. But, for X-ray spectra without additional filtration the code based on Tucker et al. model presented the strong disagreement with EGSnrc/BEAM MC code. 相似文献
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双能量CT能够准确地测定被扫描物质中原子序数和电子密度的分布,实现物质识别和精确测定,在医疗和安全检查等领域得到了广泛的应用.在质子和重离子放射治疗中,需要精确测定不同组织中的电子密度,为放疗方案的制定提供参考,双能量CT则为电子密度测定提供了一种精确方法.首先介绍了双能量CT技术的发展和图像重建方法以及双能量CT在物... 相似文献
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通过一个环评实例阐述大型X射线医疗设备销售项目环境影响评价的基本分析要点,给出了正常工况下和事故工况下环境影响分析过程和剂量估算方法。大型X射线医疗设备销售的环境影响评价要点是:根据项目实际情况,确定污染因子和管理限值,采用类比、现场实测加计算的评价、预测方法,区分正常工况与事故工况,对污染进行分析、监测、计算和预测。 相似文献
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Ion Tiseanu Louis Zani Teddy Craciunescu Florin Cotorobai Cosmin Dobrea Adrian Sima 《Fusion Engineering and Design》2013,88(9-10):1613-1618
Due to their mechanical strength and ability to withstand the large electromagnetic force applied to the superconductors in large magnets during excitation, the Cable-in-Conduit-Conductor (CICC) type superconductors will be employed in the next stage of fusion magnets. Here, we discuss the recent results on the application of a non-invasive method for the characterization of CCIC by X-ray micro-tomography (μXCT). The experiments have been carried out on a high resolution X-ray tomograph in INFLPR (http://tomography.inflpr.ro). An open type nanofocus X-ray source with maximum high voltage of 225 kVp at 15–30 W maximum power and multiple targets of W on different windows materials (Be, Al, Cu or diamond) is the main component. X-rays are detected by means of amorphous silicon flat panel sensor in the cone-beam configuration and high-energy efficient line sensor based on individual scintillators in the fan-beam scanning configuration. The quality of tomographic images (≈40 μm space resolution) allowed the majority of strands of analyzed CICC samples to be fully reconstructed along the investigated segment (up to 300 mm long). Our method provides: (i) local and global void fractions (over a 300 mm length of the sample), (ii) void homogeneity factor as the ratio between void space surface and perimeter and (iii) twist pitch angle of individual strands and its distribution in 3D. It can be used to investigate superconducting CICC during their manufacture, installation or after service inspection, for purposes of QA, characterization or development. 相似文献