共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 196 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
绿色光伏屋顶是一种光伏组件遮阳与植被绿化相结合的隔热屋顶,为了揭示植物布置模式对光伏组件和屋面降温的影响,提出了2种植物布置模式并建立了2个混凝土屋顶试验小室。分别对光伏组件背面和屋面上表面温度、植物叶片温度和蒸发量进行测试和对比分析。结果表明:1)相对于植物架空布置模式,植物直接实铺在屋面上可有效降低屋面上表温度平均值和波幅值;2)植物与光伏组件背面距离增加时会减弱其对光伏组件的冷却效果,间距为10 cm时冷却效果较为明显;3)植物与光伏组件背面距离变小时,叶片温度会变高,水分蒸发量变多。因此,植物直接实铺模式有利于绿植光伏屋面节水和节能。 相似文献
5.
6.
随着光伏行业的发展,分布式光伏的建设技术趋于完善,中国近几年分布式光伏的安装多为户用型。以甘肃省金昌市永昌县朱王堡镇居民房屋屋顶安装分布式光伏发电站为例进行研究,根据项目所在地的光照条件和所搭设光伏组件的建筑物屋顶条件,设计了最佳倾角式安装系统,并对其进行经济技术评估,对比发电量和系统回收期确定系统的可行性,为分布式光伏发电设计提供一些参考。 相似文献
7.
屋顶分布式光伏发电以其灵活、安装方便且可充分利用被闲置屋面的特点,受到各地政府和企业的青睐。随着碳达峰、碳中和目标的提出,屋顶分布式光伏发电已经在各地掀起了一场安装热潮,但随着屋顶分布式光伏发电的推广和普及,此类项目安装和运维过程中的屋面坠落风险也随之而来。探讨了中国屋顶分布式光伏发电项目坠落防护的现状,针对目前坠落防护措施缺失或不足的现状,引入基于风险控制的管理思路,结合目前国内有关坠落防护的相关要求及已有项目的实际情况,针对不同的屋面坠落场景提出了具体的坠落防护措施和建议,以期为屋顶分布式光伏发电项目坠落防护的标准化、规范化提供更多思路。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
在新能源政策的促进下,中国光伏发电的装机容量、发电量持续提高.屋顶分布式光伏发电系统的优点是可以就近解决用户的用电问题,可充分利用建筑物屋面,减少土地面积的占用,且屋顶分布式光伏发电项目建设期间不影响项目所在企业的正常生产,因此该类光伏发电项目的建设规模稳步增长,区域构建超前性与实用性相结合.从总承包管理的角度,针对屋... 相似文献
11.
12.
为充分利用建筑屋顶,解决光伏光热一体化(PV/T)集热器光电转换效率的高温减益问题,并提高太阳能综合利用率和集热品位,文章构建了一种基于太阳光谱分频利用技术的光伏/光热模块分离式的小型聚光式PV/T集热器。通过建立其光/电/热理论分析模型及TracePro/Fluent数值仿真模型,以南京地区气象数据为例,综合分析其光/电/热性能,结果表明:该集热器以与安装地纬度等值的倾角南北轴向放置时,其年均光学效率为64.97%,工质出口温度为90℃时的系统光电/光热效率分别为12.47%,40.09%,系统综合热效率达72.91%,且其结构简单、外形轻薄,有望实现与普通建筑的有效结合。 相似文献
13.
基于机械制冷低温储粮过程中耗电量大的特点及粮仓建筑屋顶面积大、无遮阳等具有可利用光伏屋顶发电的有利条件,研究了粮仓零能耗低温储粮技术。本文以安徽省合肥市国家粮库某粮仓为例,从气象条件、系统运行方式、太阳能电池方阵设计及安装和并网电气设计等方面综合设计了为低温储粮提供能源来源的粮仓光伏屋顶发电系统。系统直流总功率为162 kW,并辅助使用RETscreen清洁能源项目分析软件得到系统每年发电量为166.3 MWh。最后进行了系统节能减排效益分析,其能在静态回收期内节省标煤582 t,减排CO21 610 t。 相似文献
14.
15.
为解决太阳电池的发电效率随温度升高而下降以及地源热泵系统供热引起的土壤热失衡问题,以典型居住建筑的光伏/光热-地源热泵(PV/T-GSHP)联合供热系统为研究对象,基于TRNSYS软件,采用土壤温度、地源热泵机组季节能效比、光伏发电效率和太阳能保证率为评价指标,对该联合供热系统进行运行性能分析。研究结果表明:夏热冬冷地区(以长沙为例)太阳能保证率相对较高,PV/T组件面积为满屋顶最大化安装(900 m2)时,第20年末土壤温度相比初始地温仅升高0.8 ℃,热泵机组季节能效比约为5.1,太阳能保证率为97.0%~98.7%;不同气候地区的太阳能保证率与PV/T组件面积和建筑全年累计供热量有关,通过定义单位建筑全年累计供热量PV/T组件面积指标,得到中国不同气候地区的太阳能保证率与该指标的耦合关系,回归方程的决定系数R2为0.983,得出在已知建筑全年累计供热量和太阳保证率设计目标值的条件下所需PV/T组件面积的计算方法。PV/T-GSHP联合供热系统的全年运行能耗显著小于平板太阳能集热器-地源热泵联合系统(最小降幅为沈阳,49.7%),远小于空气源热泵(最小降幅为石家庄,79.8%)和燃气壁挂炉(最小降幅为沈阳,65.1%)。 相似文献
16.
某15MW太阳能屋顶光伏发电工程的应用分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
在对太阳能屋顶光伏发电系统构成及发展意义阐述的基础上,通过对某15MW屋顶光伏发电工程大量实际数据的分析,表明太阳能屋顶光伏发电工程具有良好的社会、经济效益和广阔的发展前景。 相似文献
17.
Ch. Roecker P. Affolter J. Bonvin J. -B. Gay A. N. Muller 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》1995,36(4)
The LESO-PB has been working on the architectural integration of photovoltaic elements with the financial support of the Swiss Federal Office of Energy since 1990. In this paper, we discuss the advantages and the feasibility of the integration of photovoltaics, focusing on the following test-installations:— The DEMOSITE, an international exhibition centre of photovoltaic building elements, which was set up to inform potential users (architects, authorities and anybody who might commission a building) about the architectural integration possibilities of photovoltaics.— Two new photovoltaic systems integrated into buildings on the campus of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology: (1) cladding on the facade of one of the buildings of the Department of Electricity, and (2) an innovative flat roof installation situated on the building of the Department of Materials where photovoltaic panels are mounted on low supports of reinforced concrete. 相似文献
18.
A model for building integrated photovoltaic systems has been developed and implemented in a dynamic simulation tool. This tool takes into account the thermal interactions between the PV collector and the building. The influence of the type of integration upon the PV collector efficiency has been evaluated and hybrid PV/air collectors have been studied. An overall efficiency is defined, including the production of electricity and heat. A case study has been performed on two different typical buildings. In the case of a multi-crystalline silicon PV collector integrated on the roof of a single family house located in Paris, the efficiency of unventilated PV modules fixed on the roof is 14%. If the PV collector is used to preheat the ventilation air, the efficiency reaches 20%. A proper building integration also improves the environmental balance of PV technologies over their life cycle. 相似文献
19.
For decades, residential and commercial roofs have been considered a prime location for installation of building integrated solar systems. In climatic conditions of East Tennessee, USA, an experimental solar roof was tested during 2009/2010, by a research team representing Metal Construction Association (MCA), and a consortium of building insulation companies, photovoltaic (PV) manufacturers, and energy research centers. The main objective was to thermally evaluate a new roofing technology utilizing amorphous silicon PV laminates integrated with the metal roof panels. In order to mitigate thermal bridging and reduce roof-generated thermal loads, this novel roof/attic assembly contained a phase change material (PCM) heat sink, a ventilated air cavity over the roof deck, and thermal insulation with an integrated reflective surface. During winter, the experimental roof was expected to work as a passive solar collector storing solar heat absorbed during the day, and increasing overall attic air temperature during the night. During summer, the PCM was expected to act as a heat sink, reducing the heat gained by the attic and consequently, lowering the building cooling-loads.In this paper, field thermal performance data of the experimental PV-PCM roof/attic system are presented and discussed. Performance of the PV-PCM roof/attic is evaluated by comparing it to a control asphalt shingle roof. The test results showed about 30% heating and 50% cooling load reductions are possible with the experimental roof configuration. 相似文献
20.
Andreas K. Athienitis James Bambara Brendan O’Neill Jonathan Faille 《Solar Energy》2011,85(1):139-153
Building-integrated photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) systems may be utilized to produce useful heat while simultaneously generating electricity from the same building envelope surface. A well known highly efficient collector is the open-loop unglazed transpired collector (UTC) which consists of dark porous cladding through which outdoor air is drawn and heated by absorbed solar radiation. Commercially available photovoltaic systems typically produce electricity with efficiencies up to about 18%. Thus, it is beneficial to obtain much of the normally wasted heat from the systems, possibly by combining UTC with photovoltaics. Combination of BIPV/T and UTC systems for building facades is considered in this paper - specifically, the design of a prototype façade-integrated photovoltaic/thermal system with transpired collector (BIPV/T). A full scale prototype is constructed with 70% of UTC area covered with PV modules specially designed to enhance heat recovery and compared to a UTC of the same area under outdoor sunny conditions with low wind. The orientation of the corrugations in the UTC is horizontal and the black-framed modules are attached so as to facilitate flow into the UTC plenum. While the overall combined thermal efficiency of the UTC is higher than that of the BIPV/T system, the value of the generated energy - assuming that electricity is at least four times more valuable than heat - is between 7% and 17% higher. Also, the electricity is always useful while the heat is usually utilized only in the heating season. The BIPV/T concept is applied to a full scale office building demonstration project in Montreal, Canada. The ratio of photovoltaic area coverage of the UTC may be selected based on the fresh air heating needs of the building, the value of the electricity generated and the available building surfaces. 相似文献