一种基于长码扩频技术的无人机遥控链路实现

为了满足无人机遥控链路远距离、高动态、强抗干扰能力的军事通信需求,设计了基于长码直接序列扩频技术的FPGA实现方案.该方案采用了一种基于FFT算法的快速伪码捕获方法,将传统的伪码相位与多普勒频移二维搜索过程简化为两者同时捕获的一维搜索过程.经过硬件实现与测试,该方案可有效减少硬件资源消耗,同时缩短捕获时间.     

双通道长周期伪码快速捕获方法(英文)

Long PN-code acquisition is a difficult and time-consuming task due to long code period.To accelerate acquisition,folding methods like XFAST are widely used.In highdynamic environment however,the application of those methods are largely restricted due to nonnegligible residual frequency.This paper proposes a new dual-channel method for fast acquisition of long PN-code.In the proposed method,both non-overlapping local PNcode blocks are employed to correlate with input sample block;the detection process is eased through finding the maximum value among correlation results and verification is made with all the full and partial peaks taken into account.False alarm probabilities from analysis of the verification process are derived.Both theoretical and Monte Carlo simulations reveal that,with respect to acquisition probability and mean acquisition time under the same false alarm rate,dual-channel method has advantage over zero-padding and XFAST based folding methods under certain false alarm probabilities.     

卫星导航中XFAST捕获的降计算量去模糊处理算法

卫星导航系统中,采用扩展复制重叠法(Extended Replica Folding Acquisition Search Tech-nique,XFAST)对长PN码进行直接捕获时,粗捕后得到的对齐码相位存在重叠模糊度.为减少去模糊处理的计算量,提高捕获速度,提出了一种新的去模糊处理算法.新算法在得到粗捕对齐码相位结果后,先对本地码序列重新按照对齐相位进行排列、分段、段内循环移位等操作,然后进行段间叠加,再与接收码序列通过FFT-IFFT运算实现循环相关运算,从而确定对齐码相位所在的子码段,得到无模糊度的捕获结果.理论分析与仿真结果证明,该算法可以在分段叠加段数和子段长满足一定关系的条件下,在检测性能满足系统要求下,大大降低去模糊处理的计算量和操作时间,从而提高捕获速度.     

基于短波FH/DQPSK系统的FFT同步方案

基于短波FH／DQPSK系统的特点及性能要求,在存在加性高白斯噪声（AWGN）、多径分量、多音分量的情况下,采用短码（PN码）引导长码9混沌跳频码）的同步捕获技术,利用FFT的方法,对捕获概率、检测概率、虚警概率和平均捕获时间进行了理论分析和数值模拟。研究结果表明：当SNR＝6dB、q＝50％、γ＝8dB时,它的平均捕获时间达到了0.06s。显然它适用于短波FH／DQPSK系统。     

Reduced complexity delay-locked loop

In spread spectrum synchronisation the delay-locked loop (DLL) is widely used for PN-code tracking. A new DLL configuration using only one correlator to generate the timing error signal is presented. This reduces the hardware complexity of the code synchronisation. The structure of the new loop is described and performance results are shown     

低轨卫星直扩通信系统快速码捕获算法的设计

直接序列扩频用于低轨卫星通信可以解决抗敌意干扰问题,但多普勒频移下码捕获是需要解决的关键技术。基于离散时间信号处理分析了多普勒频差对码捕获性能的影响,给出部分匹配滤波器与FFT结合的码捕获算法原理。针对大频差、长地址码直扩系统的快速码捕获问题,提出了一种二次部分匹配滤波器与FFT结合算法的实现方案,在考虑捕获性能与实现复杂度之间的折衷上,具有很强的灵活性。     

PN acquisition and tracking performance in DS/CDMA systems withsymbol-length spreading sequences

Direct sequence spread spectrum code-division multiple-access (DS/CDMA) is receiving increasing attention for cellular communications systems. When the users are synchronized and special symbol-length sequences, such as Gold codes, are used, the mutual interference can be substantially reduced relative to a system with very long or purely random spreading sequences. It is shown that this approach degrades the performance of the code phase acquisition and tracking, however. This effect prevents the system from acquiring and tracking long before the data detection is affected by the multiuser interference     

Non-Coherent Pulse Detection with a Large Predetection Bandwidth

For a non-coherent detection circuit with a broad-band pre-detection filter and narrow-band post-detection-filter, equations are obtained for the probability of detection of a pulsed sinusoidal signal embedded in white noise. The equations can be used to calculate the detection probability directly from envelope form, noise power at the input of the circuit and the impulse response of the postdetection filter. The application of the equations is illustrated with reference to a sliding correlator acquisition circuit for PN-code generators.     

大频差长地址码扩频系统快速捕获方案的设计与实现

该文基于离散时间信号处理分析了多普勒频移对捕获性能影响的表达式,给出部分匹配滤波器与FFT结合方案的原理。针对大频差长地址码扩频系统快速捕获问题,提出一种采用部分匹配滤波器与FFT结合算法的实现方案,在考虑捕获性能与实现复杂性间的折衷上,具有很好的灵活性。该方案应用FPGA与DSP芯片配合实现,应用结果表明该方案在移动卫星通信和直扩抗干扰通信中具有很好的应用前景。     

基于FPGA的PN码捕获的设计及实现

PN码捕获技术是扩频通信的关键技术之一,针对扩频通信中长伪码序列的快速捕获问题,伪码相位大范围不确定的搜索,串行捕获需要大量的时间,这对实时性要求高的扩频接收机用户是无法忍受的,并行捕获电路结构比较复杂,实现起来有一定的难度,而且占用大量的资源。文中提出了一种基于FPGA的扩频信号快速滑动相关捕获方法,来解决低信噪比条件下长伪码序列的捕获问题。文中着重论述了该系统的FPGA实现原理,并且基于FPGA进行开发,调制出了该系统的仿真波形,达到了理想的效果,实际应用中有效地改善了系统的性能。     

Adaptive Hybrid Acquisition of PN Sequences Based on Automatic Multipath Cancellation in Frequency-Selective Rayleigh Fading Channels

A hybrid PN-code acquisition scheme is proposed and studied for direct sequence code division multiple access communications in frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. The most important feature of the proposed system is its ability to dynamically estimate the number of multipath signals that may lie in the reference channel. The basic idea of the considered algorithm is to sort the partial correlations and carry out successive censoring tests by updating the noise estimation until the first path synchronization. Exact expressions for the probability of false alarm and the mean acquisition time are derived. The performances of the proposed system are then studied and compared with those of the adaptive hybrid acquisition processor (AHAP) and the ordered statistic hybrid acquisition processor (OSHAP). The effects of various channel parameters on the acquisition performance, namely the number of resolvable paths, the multipath intensity profile and the signal-to-noise ratio are also investigated. Numerical results show that the proposed acquisition scheme outperforms the conventional ones which are based on AHAP and OSHAP algorithms.     

基于状态机伪码快速捕获的研究

在扩频通信系统中,长伪码序列的快速捕获是一个关键问题。针对传统捕获方法捕获速度慢、消耗资源多的缺点,提出一种基于状态机的新型伪码快速捕获方法,介绍了状态机伪码快速捕获方法的原理并在FPGA上实现了快速捕获。仿真结果表明,和传统的串行捕获方法相比,该算法在不降低捕获速度的基础上消耗更少的资源。     

TD-SCDMA： Spectrum Modeling, Experimental Verification of Power Amplifier Nonlinearity

RF Power amplifiers （PA） are critical components in Time division-Synchronous code division multiple access （TD-SCDMA） systems, and PA nonlinearity is one of the main concerns in RF power amplifier designs. This paper presents experimental verification of the spectrum modeling of a RF power amplifier in TD-SCDMA system based on our previous work. The results verify the theoretical spectrum model we derived closely fits the experimental measurements.     

高动态短时突发扩频信号的快速捕获

针对低信噪比和大多普勒频移环境下,短帧突发直接序列扩频通信系统要求在短时间内以很低虚警和漏警概率捕获信号这一难题,设计了仅使用独特码的短时突发扩频信号帧结构,在接收端将扩频码与独特码作为一个复合扩频码看待,提出了基于FFT的高动态突发信号捕获方法,可同时快速完成突发信号检测、扩频码捕获、频偏估计、帧同步检测和位定时捕获等任务。仿真结果表明:该算法能有效消除多普勒频移对短时突发扩频信号捕获性能的影响。     

智能天线辅助的PN 码同步捕获新方法研究

为有效解决强干扰环境下长PN 码的同步捕获问题,研究了基于自适应滤波器的PN 码同步捕获方法,给出了基于自适应滤波器权矢量范数的同步捕获判决准则,与传统的基于均方误差的判决相比,这种方法可以大幅提高判决的正确概率。在此基础上,研究了智能天线权值与PN 码同步联合捕获算法,并对其性能进行了计算机仿真验证,结果表明这种空时联合的捕获算法可以有效实现低SINR 环境下的长PN 码捕获。     

冷启动环境下多卫星信号的联合捕获

针对冷启动环境下多卫星信号的联合捕获算法缺乏的问题,提出了一种复合伪码,部分匹配滤波结合快速傅里叶变换(PMF-FFT)以及频谱校正的捕获方法.该方法首先通过将不同卫星信号的伪码相加生成复合伪码,获得对不同卫星信号同时捕获的能力,然后将复合伪码和接收信号进行PMF-FFT运算,实现对多卫星信号的捕获,最后将经过FFT后...     

New methods for enhancing fine acquisition in dual folding algorithm of long pseudo noise codes

Long code Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum is a good choice for applications where security and antispoofing ability of a spread spectrum connection is concerned. Due to long period of spreading code, acquisition is a challenge for these systems because a trade‐off between detection probability and acquisition time must be made. For confronting this challenge, various algorithms were proposed in the literature but almost all of them focus on expediting the coarse acquisition. In this paper, we consider the efficient dual folding algorithm for coarse acquisition level and propose 3 methods for enhancing the fine acquisition level leading to faster execution of overall acquisition algorithm. The methods are based on estimations from coarse acquisition level that are not used in conventional algorithms for fine acquisition, ie, zero padding. Theoretical expressions of 2 main comparison criteria in acquisition algorithms, ie, detection probability and mean acquisition time, are derived for conventional zero padding and each of the proposed method. Besides, a coarse estimate of resource consumption is provided by the number of floating point operations for each algorithm to make a useful comparison. Considering these 3 parameters, in comparison, the proposed methods surpass zero padding in 1, 2, or all of the 3 aspects. Simulation agrees well with analytical results.     

A Generalized Analysis for a Dual Threshold Sequential Detection PN Acquisition Receiver

Spread spectrum techniques have become very useful in modern communications. A common spread spectrum technique is to directly modulate a pseudorandom noise (PN) code onto the carrier. Systems employing this technique are called direct sequence (DS) systems. A primary concern with direct sequence systems involves PN code synchronization (acquisition) of the incoming and local signals to within at least one PN symbol followed by a fine alignment (tracking) which must be maintained throughout transmission. This paper is concerned with the PN acquisition aspect of code synchronization. Specifically, a dual threshold sequential detection receiver is analyzed and a general expression is derived which addresses the probability that the sequential detection procedure ceases after an arbitrary number of samples. This expression is needed in order to support a characteristic function approach in deriving acquisition Probability as a function of time which will be the topic of a subsequent paper.     

扩频通信系统中一种改进的快速编码捕捉方法

针对扩频通信系统中传统的滑动相关捕捉法对于较长的刚码序列编码捕捉时间较长的问题，提出了一种改进的编码捕捉方法，该方法采用三条相同支路同时搜索的方式来实现PN码的快速捕捉，不仅不受PN码长度限制，而且电路实现简单，可以有效的降低虚警概率。理论分析和仿真实验均表明：提出的改进方法大大缩短了系统的捕捉时间。     

低轨卫星扩频系统中的PN码混合并行捕获技术研究

以低轨卫星信道多普勒特性为背景,给出一种适用于大频偏条件下突发通信系统直接扩频序列混合并行捕获结构,并以门限信噪比下平均捕获时间最小为设计目标,对检测积分时间和判决门限设置进行讨论,给出最优配置方案。