共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 48 毫秒
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针对机器人气囊抛光中抛光压力波动的问题,分析影响抛光压力稳定的因素,提出误差补偿法来降低抛光压力波动对加工面形的影响。首先,分析气囊抛光的运动过程,根据Preston方程建立材料去除函数模型,使用MATLAB对去除函数进行仿真分析。然后针对由机器人末端位置波动引入的系统误差,提出网格式误差补偿法,根据误差数据模型对加工点位进行即时修正,从而降低由机器人引入的抛光压力波动误差。实验数据表明:补偿后机器人末端位置X,Y方向误差波动值分别下降了86.2%,67.6%,机器人末端位置精度明显提高,最终加工面形精度的RMS为0.118λ。证明了该方法能够有效的减小抛光压力的波动,改善加工面形质量。 相似文献
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气囊抛光去除函数的数值仿真与试验研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
为提高光学元件的面形精度,提高加工效率,对超精密气囊抛光方法的去除函数进行了理论和试验研究.通过分析气囊抛光的原理,以Preston方程为基础,应用运动学原理推导了气囊抛光"进动"运动的材料去除函数,利用计算机仿真的方法,得到近似高斯分布的去除函数,通过仿真分析几个主要参数对"进动"抛光运动去除特性的影响,总结得到三点气囊抛光工艺过程中重要的结论.通过在一台超精密气囊式智能抛光机上的试验对比,两者吻合很好,并得到面形精度 RMS=0.012 6 μm的超精密的光滑表面,为开展气囊抛光的工艺研究提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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应用于模具自由曲面的新型气囊抛光技术 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
为提高模具自由曲面抛光的效率和品质,提出一种基于柔性抛光理念的新型气囊抛光技术。建立相应的机器人抛光系统,研究旋转型膨胀气囊抛光工具及抛光过程中各因素对抛光表面粗糙度的影响。对气囊抛光工具的位置和姿态控制问题以及抛光工具,以一定下陷深度和倾斜角度与被抛工件接触时的接触区域的相关特性进行分析。在机器人抛光系统上进行抛光正交试验和试验数据分析,获取表面粗糙度的不同影响因数的最优参数组合,试验中被抛光曲面平均表面粗糙度达到了0.007 μm。研究结果表明,气囊抛光技术可实现抛光工具与被抛光工件的大面积柔性接触,通过气囊内部气压的调节和机器人抛光系统对抛光工具的运动轨迹和姿态的精确控制,可有效地提升自由曲面抛光的品质和效率。 相似文献
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气囊抛光过程的运动精度控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对用于球面、非球面光学元件超精密光学加工的气囊抛光技术,提出了一套控制抛光过程中气囊运动精度的方法。该方法通过控制加工单元的温度,保证抛光过程中设备运动精度达到50μm;使用坐标传递法,使检测数据二维方向对准不确定度达到0.30~0.70mm。另外,基于磨头去除量估计与反馈修正法,提高精抛过程面形误差收敛效率。最后,通过磨头探测校准法,将磨头与加工工件法向位置精度提高至10μm。实际抛光实验显示:使用运动精度控制法在280mm口径的平面精密抛光中获得的面形加工精度为0.8nm(RMS),在160mm口径的凹球面精密抛光中获得的面形加工结果为1.1nm(RMS),实现了超高精度面形修正的目的,为超高精度球面、非球面光学元件加工提供了一套行之有效的方法。该方法同样适用于其他接触式小磨头数控抛光方法。 相似文献
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磁场分布对多磨头磁流变抛光材料去除的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研究磁场分布对材料去除的影响,设计轴向充磁异向排布、轴向充磁同向排布、径向充磁异向排布、径向充磁同向排布4种磁铁充磁和排布方式,利用有限元软件Maxwell仿真不同磁场的磁力线分布及抛光轮表面的磁感应强度分布,并采用数字特斯拉计测量实际磁感应强度。对单晶硅基片进行定点抛光试验,检测抛光斑沿抛光轮轴向的去除轮廓及峰值点的表面形貌。仿真和实际磁感应强度检测结果表明,不同磁场分布方式对抛光区的磁场分布有很大影响,磁铁轴向充磁同向排布与径向充磁异向排布时,具有较高的磁场强度和较好的多磨头效果。定点抛光试验表明,采用轴向充磁同向排布与径向充磁异向排布这两种方式时,能实现多点加工,其中轴向充磁同向排布时加工效率较高;但采用径向充磁同向排布时,由于抛光区磁感应强度较低,磁流变微磨头无法对工件进行有效地抛光。峰值点表面形貌检测结果表明,采用不同磁场分布方式时,对工件表面均是以塑性去除方式去除。研究表明,通过优化磁铁充磁和排布方式,可实现多磨头磁流变抛光的加工原理。 相似文献
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提出了一种新的进动气囊抛光驻留时间算法,用于实现高精度的光学玻璃零件的加工。首先,通过抛光工艺试验确定抛光去除率函数;在矩阵迭代算法的基础上,给定一个合适的驻留时间初值函数。然后,采用分层阈值去除法进行驻留时间的优化求解,并加上残余误差方差最小的判定条件,从而得到完整的驻留时间函数。该算法适用于非球面、自由曲面等光学玻璃元件的抛光加工。用MATLAB对残余面形误差进行了仿真,仿真结果表明残余误差精度PV值可以收敛到0.1μm左右。最后,对光学玻璃平面进行了抛光。实际抛光后,该玻璃表面粗糙度Ra从抛光前的0.159μm减小到0.024μm,面形精度PV值由抛光前的0.756μm减小到0.158μm。得到的结果验证了提出驻留时间算法的合理性,表明该算法可为以后进行复杂面形工件的气囊抛光研究提供理论基础。 相似文献
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Three-dimensional structured surfaces (3D-structured surfaces) possessing specially designed functional textures are widely used in the development of advanced products. This paper presents a novel swing precess bonnet polishing (SPBP) method for generating complex 3D-structured surfaces which is accomplished by the combination of specific polishing tool orientation and tool path. The SPBP method is a sub-aperture finishing process in which the polishing spindle is swung around the normal direction of the target surface within the scope of swing angle while moving around the center of the bonnet. This is quite different from the ‘single precess’ and ‘continuous precessing’ polishing regime, in which the precess angle is constant. The technological merits of the SPBP were realized through a series of polishing experiments. The results show that the generation of complex 3D-structured surfaces is affected by many factors which include point spacing, track spacing, swing speed, swing angle, head speed, tool pressure, tool radius, feed rate, polishing depth, polishing cloth, polishing strategies, polishing slurry, etc. To better understand and determine the surface generation of complex 3D-structured surfaces by the SPBP method, a multi-scale material removal model and hence a surface generation model have been built for characterizing the tool influence function and predicting the 3D-structured surface generation in SPBP based on the study of contact mechanics, kinematics theory, abrasive wear mechanism, and the convolution of the tool influence function and dwell time map along the swing precess polishing tool path. The predicted results agree reasonably well with the experimental results. 相似文献
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为了在光学元件的加工中获取更加接近高斯型的去除函数,本文基于传统行星运动抛光理论,提出了用自转去除函数公转轨迹积分较方便地求取各种复杂形状磨头去除函数的方法。当转速比大于10时,新方法与传统方法得到的实心圆盘去除函数曲线非常接近,从而验证了提出方法的正确性。采用新方法推导了不同形状磨头的去除函数,并通过计算机进行了仿真实验。实验显示:磨头形状为Ⅱ型花瓣,偏心率为0.4时,可以获得非常接近高斯型的去除函数。针对Ⅱ型花瓣磨头进行了抛光试验,结果表明,当偏心率为0.4、转速比为10时,试验结果与仿真结果非常吻合,且都非常接近高斯型去除函数。实验结果再次验证了新方法的正确性。 相似文献
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Cobalt chrome alloys are the most extensively used material in the field of total hip and total knee implants, both of which need highly accurate form and low surface roughness for longevity in vivo. In order to achieve the desired form, it is extremely important to understand how process parameters of the final finishing process affect the material removal rate. This paper reports a modified Preston equation model combining process parameters to allow prediction of the material removal rate during bonnet polishing of a medical grade cobalt chrome alloy. The model created is based on experiments which were carried out on a bonnet polishing machine to investigate the effects of process parameters, including precess angle, head speed, tool offset and tool pressure, on material removal rate. The characteristic of material removal is termed influence function and assessed in terms of width, maximal depth and material removal rate. Experimental results show that the width of the influence function increases significantly with the increase of the precess angle and the tool offset; the depth of the influence function increases with the increase of the head speed, increases first and then decrease with the increase of the tool offset; the material removal rate increases with the increase of the precess angle non-linearly, with the increase of the head speed linearly, and increases first then decreases with the increase of the tool offset because of the bonnet distortion; the tool pressure has a slight effect on the influence function. The proposed model has been verified experimentally by using different Preston coefficients from literature. The close values of the experimental data and predicted data indicate that the model is viable when applied to the prediction of the material removal rate in bonnet polishing. 相似文献
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Hernán A. González Rojas J. Antonio Travieso-Rodríguez Jordi Llumà i Fuentes Jordi Jorba Peiró 《Machining Science and Technology》2018,22(4):729-741
The aim of this work is to propose a novel analytical model for predicting the polishing time and behavior of the surface texture removal in different metal alloys. The surface texture, resulting from a previous milling process, is characterized and investigated by the Abbott–Firestone curve, the relative speed of the abrasive material, the applied force, the type of material and the size of the abrasive grains. Consequently, a model that predicts the surface texture evolution based on the mechanism of abrasion is proposed, in which a constant of the wear model is found to behave linearly with the size of the abrasive grain for each metal alloy. Based on the good agreement between the experimental and the estimated values (R2 equal to 0.993), operational parameters are recommended to predict the required surface texture for AlCu4PbMg, 30CrNiMo8, C45E and X6CrNiMo8 when using abrasive grade between P180 and P1200. 相似文献
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根据光学玻璃元件超精密加工技术的需求,研究自旋转式和行星旋转式磁性复合流体(MCF)抛光的应力分布和材料去除率。首先,设计可实现自旋转和行星旋转抛光装置,搭建抛光实验平台;然后,进行自旋转式和行星旋转式MCF抛光实验,通过自行设计抛光应力分布测试实验分析了两种抛光方式的应力分布规律;最后,通过定点抛光实验,对抛光前后的工件表面轮廓进行检测,计算并分析两种抛光方式的材料去除率。实验结果表明,立式的两种抛光方式,正应力均明显大于剪切应力,工件外侧受到的剪切应力大于中心受到的剪切应力,行星式抛光的材料去除率明显大于自旋转式抛光的材料去除率。 相似文献
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超薄石英晶片超精密抛光实验的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解决超薄石英晶片高表面质量的加工问题,以及寻求一种高效低成本的加工方法,将一种新的超精密抛光工艺应用到超薄石英晶片的加工中。给出了加工过程中的抛光原理,制定出了在研磨和抛光过程中的最优实验条件,并对加工后超薄石英晶片的粗糙度和厚度做了详细的分析;讨论了磨粒的尺寸对表面粗糙度和材料去除率的影响,同时对加工过程的材料去除机理做了论述,以表面粗糙度和厚度为评价目标对超薄石英晶片的加工特性和表面质量进行了评价。研究结果表明:使用该实验的工艺加工超薄石英晶片可以得到厚度为99.4μm、表面粗糙度为0.82nm的超光滑表面;同时,该研究还发现通过延长抛光时间可以减小石英晶片的表面残余应力,可有效控制石英晶片四角“翘曲”现象,得到更好的平面度和平行度。 相似文献
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N.J. Brown 《Precision Engineering》1987,9(3)
The mechanisms of grinding, a predominantly fracture mechanism in brittle material, and polishing, a predominantly plastic shearing mechanism, appear quite different. However, in a number of cases, it can be shown that the difference between the two mechanisms can be triggered by differences in depth of cut and abrasive size. Results are presented from recent polishing research that tend to support a physico-chemical interaction model involving aqueous diffusion, internal hydrolysis and ion exchange mechanisms that may explain the plastic to brittle transition in silicate materials. The model would seem to have clear implications for both low-scatter polishing and fine machining of silicate materials. 相似文献