AlCl3-环己酮络合催化剂催化1-癸烯齐聚工艺

以1-癸烯为原料、AlCl3-环己酮络合物为催化剂催化1-癸烯齐聚反应,考察三氯化铝络合催化剂的添加量、反应温度、反应时间、环己酮与AlCl3的摩尔比对聚α-烯烃合成油（PAO）收率及性能的影响。结果表明,在 AlCl3摩尔分数为5％、环己酮与A1C13摩尔比为0.5、反应时间为4 h、反应温度为25 ℃的条件下,PAO收率达到92%,100 ℃时的运动黏度为8.08 mm2/s,黏度指数达到174,是一种低黏度、高黏度指数的聚α-烯烃合成润滑油。色谱分析结果表明,合成的PAO产品中三聚体和四聚体所占比例最大,润滑油的理想组分含量大于85％。     

AlCl3-异丙醇络合催化剂催化1-癸烯齐聚反应的研究

使用AlCl3-异丙醇络合催化剂对1-癸烯齐聚反应进行研究,合成了高黏度聚α-烯烃合成润滑油(PAO).考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间以及烯烃原料对PAO收率的影响.结果表明,在AlCl3摩尔分数为4%、异丙醇与AlCl3摩尔比为0.3～0.7、反应温度20～60℃、反应时间4 h的条件下,合成高黏度PAO的收率...     

茂金属/MAO催化1-癸烯齐聚制聚α-烯烃

采用rac-Et(Ind)_2ZrCl_2/MAO(MAO:甲基铝氧烷)体系催化1-癸烯齐聚制备润滑油基础油,考察了反应温度、n(Al)∶n(Zr)、催化剂用量等对催化剂活性和产物运动黏度的影响,利用GC,~(13)C NMR等方法对产物的结构进行表征,并测定了产物的倾点、运动黏度等。实验结果表明,当1-癸烯用量为40 m L、催化剂用量为10μmol、n(Al)∶n(Zr)=300、反应温度为60℃、反应时间为2 h时,催化剂活性为1 150 kg/(mol·h),产物的综合性能较好,100℃时的运动黏度为65.1mm2/s、重均相对分子质量为3 781、倾点为-52℃,是一种具有高黏度、高黏度指数,高低温性能较好的聚α-烯烃合成油。     

固载AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 催化剂固定床催化1-癸烯齐聚

1-Decene was oligomerized over the supported AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of temperature and LHSV on oligomerization of 1-decene were investigated and the synthetic PAO was characterized with GC technique. Furthermore, the life of immobilized catalyst was tested and the mechanism of catalyst deactivation was discussed. The results showed that with an increasing temperature, the PAO yield increased and the kinematic viscosity of oil decreased. The GC results indicated that the synthesized PAO was a mixture consisting of dimers, trimers, tetramers and pentamers. The results of chloride content measurements and BET tests showed that catalyst deactivation could be mainly attributed to the loss of active components.     

季戊四醇-BF3体系催化1-癸烯齐聚

采用季戊四醇为引发剂、BF3为催化剂催化1-癸烯齐聚反应,在BF3气体压力一定（常压,呈鼓泡状）的条件下,考察了季戊四醇与1-癸烯质量比、反应时间、反应温度对1-癸烯齐聚反应的影响、最佳工艺条件下1-癸烯齐聚的效果以及季戊四醇的可循环性。对齐聚产物进行了气相色谱表征。结果表明：1-癸烯与季戊四醇质量比为10、反应时间为2.5 h、反应温度为20 ℃时,1-癸烯齐聚反应的转化率高达97.90%,齐聚产物中三聚物与四聚物之和所占质量分数高达84.17%;该齐聚产物可用于制备高性能合成润滑油基础油;季戊四醇的循环利用效果良好。     

负载型Ziegler-Natta催化剂催化1-癸烯齐聚

用Ziegler-Natta催化剂对1-癸烯的齐聚进行研究。催化剂体系由无机氧化物(如SiO2)、ⅣB族金属卤化物(TiCl4)、有机铝化合物(Et2AlCl)组成。探讨了齐聚温度、Al与Ti摩尔比、助催化剂、反应时间、催化剂浓度对齐聚的影响。在较低齐聚温度和Al与Ti摩尔比下获得了齐聚物,齐聚物收率高(59.5％)。用GC-Mass,GC,13CNMR等方法对齐聚物的组成和结构进行了表征。结果表明,所得齐聚物是混合物,主要由二聚体、三聚体和四聚体组成,质量分数分别为19％,41％,32％。在相同条件下也对C5~C13=线性α-烯烃的齐聚进行了研究。     

不同结构茂金属催化剂催化1-癸烯齐聚

采用不同结构茂金属催化剂催化1-癸烯齐聚反应,考察齐聚反应条件对1-癸烯齐聚及产物分布的影响。结果表明：不同结构的茂金属对1-癸烯的催化活性和齐聚物组分分布影响显著,非桥联茂金属、大位阻的茂金属、限制构型的茂金属以及双核硅桥联的茂金属主要合成低黏度齐聚物(100 ℃运动黏度为2~5 mm2/s,二聚体含量大于50%);Cs-对称型茂金属具有较高的催化活性,合成中等黏度的齐聚物 (100 ℃运动黏度大于30 mm2/s)。GC-MS分析结果表明,茂金属催化合成的齐聚物主要由二聚体到五聚体的混合物组成。     

离子液体催化1-癸烯齐聚制备聚α-烯烃的研究

研究了离子液体催化体系中1-癸烯齐聚制备聚α-烯烃合成油的反应,考察了离子液体中三氯化铝摩尔分数、反应条件对聚α-烯烃合成油性能的影响.结果表明:在三氯化铝摩尔分数大于0.57、温度低于60℃条件下,离子液体对1-癸烯齐聚反应表现出较好的催化效果,合成油100℃下具有40 mm2/s以上的运动黏度;试验发现反应温度是影...     

CF3SO3H催化混合α-烯烃齐聚制备低黏度油的研究

聚α-烯烃合成润滑油(PAO)是目前使用最广泛的合成润滑油之一。以三氟甲磺酸(CF3SO3H)为催化剂, 1-己烯、1-癸烯、1-十二碳烯为原料进行齐聚反应合成低黏度PAO,考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、烯烃原料对PAO收率及性能的影响。结果表明：在反应温度为40 ℃、反应时间为3 h、催化剂与原料摩尔比为0.36的条件下,合成PAO的100 ℃运动黏度为4.83 mm2/s、凝点为-30 ℃、黏度指数为140,PAO收率在70 %以上,其性能能够满足高质量的PAO合成润滑油基础油的要求。     

BF3/醇催化1-癸烯聚合产物结构表征及表观动力学研究

聚α-烯烃(PAO)合成油是理想的高档润滑油基础油,其中低粘度PAO具有巨大的市场潜力。本文采用BF3/丁醇催化体系催化1-癸烯聚合合成PAO,通过GC-MS、1H-NMR和13C-NMR对PAO的组成和结构进行了表征,证明聚合产物PAO以二聚体、三聚体及四聚体为主,各组分含有较多支链,分子中存在3种键接结构,主要是头-尾键接的1,2插入,也存在尾-尾键接2,1插入和含甲基的键接结构。聚合反应的研究结果表明,在低转化率条件下,反应速率与反应温度、催化剂浓度和1-癸烯浓度有关。在此基础上,通过计算和拟合,建立了1-癸烯合成PAO反应的表观动力学方程。     

AlCl_3固载化催化剂的制备及其对1-癸烯聚合的催化性能

为解决A lC l3催化剂的强腐蚀性以及环境污染问题,选用具有大、中孔双孔结构的γ-A l2O3为催化剂载体,采用气固反应法使A lC l3蒸气与γ-A l2O3表面羟基进行反应,把A lC l3固载于γ-A l2O3表面,制备出(γ-A l2O3)-O-A lC l2催化剂(简称催化剂)。考察了A lC l3加入量对催化剂中活性组分(—A lC l2)固载量的影响,并以1-癸烯聚合为探针反应,考察了(—A lC l2)固载量、反应温度和反应时间对催化剂催化活性的影响。实验结果表明,随A lC l3加入量的增加,(—A lC l2)固载量逐渐增大;1-癸烯转化率随—(A lC l2)固载量的增大而提高。在(—A lC l2)固载量(质量分数)为15.1%、反应温度100℃、反应时间3h的条件下,1-癸烯转化率可达80%。     

1-癸烯齐聚物分子质量影响因素考察

1-癸烯齐聚物是黏温性能优良的合成润滑油。从控制分子质量的角度,采用凝胶色谱考察了三氯化铝催化剂摩尔分数,质子供体和反应温度对1-癸烯齐聚物分子质量的影响。齐聚物分子质量随催化剂摩尔分数和质子供体酸性的增加而增加,随反应温度和质子供体摩尔分数的增加而减小。适宜的反应条件是三氯化铝催化剂的摩尔分数2.0%,反应温度55℃,异丙醇作为质子供体,异丙醇与三氯化铝催化剂的摩尔比1∶10。     

Characterization and Apparent Kinetics of Polymerization of 1-Decene Catalyzed by Boron Trifluoride/Alcohol System

Poly-α-olefin(PAO) synthetic oil is the base oil of high-quality lubricants, and has a huge market potential.We illustrate PAO synthesis by catalytic polymerization of 1-decene with a boron trifluoride(BF_3)/alcohol system. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and ~(13) C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis confirmed dimer, trimer and tetramer structures of PAO. Each component contained branched chains with a 1,2 insertion of a head-to-tail link; a 2,1 insertion of a tail-to-tail link and a methyl-containing linked structure. At a low conversion rate, the reaction rate was related directly with the reaction temperature and the catalyst/1-decene concentration. An apparent kinetic equation for PAO formation was determined during 1-decene polymerization.     

硅藻土改性沥青低温性能的研究

硅藻土改性沥青可提高路面的高温抗车辙性、抗水损害性、低温抗裂性和抗老化性能,具有较高的性价比.研究的主要内容包括：a）制备硅藻土改性沥青并用星点设计的方法确定最佳硅藻土掺量.b）通过长白硅藻土混合料的低温压缩试验和导热系数试验来评价其低温性能.c）通过反映沥青流变性能的DMA试验来评价其高低温性能.研究结果表明硅藻土改性沥青有好于基质沥青的高低温性能.用弯曲应变能评价硅藻土改性沥青混合料的低温性能,用DMA试验来评价硅藻土改性沥青的高低温性能比较合理.     

Ab Initio Calculation of Room Temperature Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-Methyl-Imidazolium and AlCl3

The Hartree-Fock method has been employed to investigate the electronic structures of EMIM＋（1- ethyl-3-methylimidazolium＋）, AlCl4^-, and EMIM＋-AlCl4^-. Full optimization and frequency analyses of EMIM＋, AlCl4^-, ten initial EMIM＋-AlCl4^- geometries have been carried out using the Gaussian-94 soft-package at 6- 31＋G（d,p） basis set level for hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, chlorine, and aluminum atoms. The electronic structures of the lowest energy of EMIM＋-AlCl4^-pairs, single EMIM^＋, and AlCl4^- have been comparatively studied. The calculated results showed that the optimized EMIM^＋-AlCl4^-pair conformer of lowest energy was AlCl4^-outside the five-ring plane between methyl group and ethyl group with a H6--C122 distance of 2.7 A. The frequency analyses suggested that all stationary points were minimum points because of no imaginary frequency appearing, and the assigned frequencies were in agreement with experimental report. The interaction energy between EMIM^＋ and AlCl4^-was 776.2 kJ/mol.     

低温条件下管道外涂层的性能研究

石油和天然气行业中,管道过度阴极保护的危害非常大.在环境温度下,过度保护可能会导致外部涂层的阴极剥离.对低温条件下管道的阴极剥离和阴极过度保护之间的关系进行了研究,试验表明,阴极保护电流的增加可以加速涂层的阴极剥离;对于自腐蚀电位条件下,低温环境管道涂层阴极剥离相对较小;盐溶液中产生的阴极剥离大于土壤泥浆的测试结果;冷...     

Survey of the Low Temperature Viscosity of Passenger Car Engine Oils from Asia Pacific

Introduction TheviscosityclassificationJ300fromtheSociety ofAutomotiveEngineers(SAE)isusedalmostuni versallytoascribeaviscositygradetoengineoils[1].Thelowtemperaturerequirementsincludedinthis classificationhavebeenrefinedinordertobetterpro tectenginesoperatingunderlowtemperaturecondi tions.Thebasicobjectiveistoensurethattheoilwill flowiftheenginestarts[2].Followinglowtemperaturelubricationfailuresin thefieldinthe70’sand80’s,newlowtemperature requirementswereintroducedintoSAEJ300.These u…     

Study on Preparation Process of Lubrication from 1-Decene with Acidic Ionic Liquid Catalyst

Abstract

Poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) was researched over acidic ionic liquid catalyzed the oligomerization of 1-decene. Ionic liquid used was 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium as a cation and aluminum chloride as an anion, which could effectively catalyze oligomerization and had a higher selectivity. The optimum process conditions for the synthesis of PAO were that the reaction temperature was 160°C, the reaction time was 3 h, the mole ratio between AlCl₃ and [Bmim]Cl was 2.5:1, and the count of catalyst was 3 wt%. The components of product were analyzed with gas chromatograph, and the test results showed that the conversion of 1-decene was 74%. The product was the mixture of dimer, trimer, tetramer, and pentamer.     

低温NH_3-SCR脱硝催化剂研究进展

简述了开发低温催化剂的意义,详述了非整体式低温NH_3-SCR催化剂制备方法,分析了低温催化剂存在的问题,介绍了低温反应机理最新进展,提出了低温催化剂今后可能的研究方向。     

零剪切粘度与沥青高温性能的关系

介绍了零剪切粘度(ZSV)的概念、发展和应用以及评价测试方法.研究了对不同剪切速率下,各沥青复合粘度的测定,评价了基础沥青AH-90、TLA改性沥青、PE改性沥青、SBS改性沥青PG 70-28及PG 76-28的高温性能.通过对80℃,100℃及120℃下ZSV的计算推测了各沥青60℃时的ZSV数值,并探讨了零剪切粘度与Superpave分级体系中G*/sinδ的关系,及与常规沥青高温性能的相关性,结果表明ZSV对于基础沥青的评价较好,但不太适于聚合物改性沥青的高温性能评价.