A study of jacking force for a curved pipejacking

For a pipejacking, the jacking force is critical to balance the resistance force and to move the pipe string forwards. The driving mechanism of a curved pipejacking is more complicated than a straight-line pipejacking, and its jacking force is also more difficult to be determined. The paper theoretically studies the jacking force of a curved pipejacking by considering the static equilibrium of earth pressure, resistance at cutting face, friction at pipe surface, and the driving force behind the pipe string. The derived theoretical formula can be used to estimate the driving forces of a straight-line or a curved pipejacking. Case study was performed by applying the theoretical and empirical formulae. After calibration, the corrected formula is more accurate and more applicable.     

Advancing Normative Urban Planning Education in China:A Study of Educational Institutions and Urban Planning Curricula

1. Introduction As a result of the social and economic reforms in China and the changing dynam-ics of the administrative, financial and social spheres, it is more and more diffi cult to tackle problems of space and land     

Standard English and the Model for English Language Teaching in China

From a national language to a world lingua franca, English is playing a more and more important role in the world. Great changes in English today have also raised peoples’ concerns about its mutual int...     

Effect of Physical Environment on the Behaviors of Residents with Dementia： A Comparison between a Small-Group Unit and a Traditional Care Unit

This is a comparative study examining the influence of a small-scale dementia unit and a traditional dementia unit on behaviors of the residents. The small-scale unit and the traditional unit were selected through two phases in Vancouver, Canada. Seven residents from each facility completed the study. Physical environmental assessments were performed using two tools： PEAP （professional environmental assessment protocol） and TESS-NH （therapeutic environment screening survey for nursing homes）. For the assessment of residents＇ behaviors, three assessment tools were used： MOSES （multidimensional observation scale for elderly subjects）, MDS （minimum data set） and DCM （dementia care mapping）. The study found that the residents living in a small-scale environment were more engaged in activities and more likely to respond in understanding their fellow residents. Residents living in a traditional long-term care exhibited fewer signs of social interaction. The findings suggest that a small-scale homelike environment could positively influence people with dementia to be more engaged in social exchanges and activities, and consequently help in reducing their withdrawn behavior.     

The DesignInc Journey

DesignInc is an Australian-based practice of architects, interior designers and urban designers. It operates in all Australian states and has offices in Beijing, Dubai and Jakarta. Designlnc teams, comprising over 200 professional staff, have brought their vision and expertise to more than 20 countries across four continents. The Designlnc approach is to focus on creating quality environments that reconcile natural, social and economic elements. To the group, design is more than just the planning of spaces. It is part of a continuing story. It is a story of materials and textures, innovation, vitality and inspiration.     

Editor's Note

<正>In an urban society,where more people live in cities,more wealth is materialized in cities,and cities take a dominant role in socio-economic development,urban safety has become a critical issue for the sustainable development of cities.It concerns not only the safety of man in front of the risks of natural and manmade disasters in a simple sense,but also the interaction between nature and man to reduce the happening frequency and actual damage of natural disasters in a profound     

Cities in China, Striding into the New Century——Some Hard Thinking Done by Urban Planner

1.China Is Still Developing Country 1—1.The life expectancy of mankind today has beenprolonged much more than that in the past,so there areeven much more people who can enjoy life going beyondthe year of 2000 A.D.,though the term,"striding into thenew century"is imbued with imagination and craving.Nowit may be almost affirmative and lucky to say:we will hailfor ourselves the arrival of the 21st century. 1—2.Man has already created a vast amount of wealth(Including material and spiritual)from ancient times tothe present,and also been mastering more and more ad-vanced science and technology,As for how to approach theproblems concerning the future,nevertheless、the human al-ways assumes an attitude of vagueness and nearsightedness.In light of Chinese concept of philosophy,"have a foot hadplanted at the present and keep in view the future"is the ba-sic way and viewpoint to probe into matters of the future. 1—3. From the l980s to the 1990s China＇s economyhas brought about a new leap in the transformation     

领袖哲学

<正>1.The function of leadership is to produce more leaders,not more followers.—Ralph Nader领导者的作用是产生更多的领导者,而不是追随者。——拉尔夫·纳德2.Leadership is a way of thinking,a way of acting and,most importantly,a way of communicating.—Simon Sinek领导是一种思考方式,一种行为方式,最重要的是,一种沟通方式。——西蒙·斯涅克     

Numerical simulation of dynamic response of operating metro tunnel induced by ground explosion

To evaluate the effects of possible ground explosion on a shallow-buried metro tunnel, this paper attempts to analyze the dynamic responses of the operating metro tunnel in soft soil, using a widely applied explicit dynamic nonlinear finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The blast induced wave propagation in the soil and the tunnel, and the von Mises effective stress and acceleration of the tunnel lining were presented, and the safety of the tunnel lining was evaluated based on the failure criterion. Besides, the parametric study of the soil was also carried out. The numerical results indicate that the upper part of the tunnel lining cross-section with directions ranging from 0° to 22.5° and horizontal distances 0 to 7 m away from the explosive center are the vulnerable areas, and the metro tunnel might be safe when tunnel depth is more than 7 m and TNT charge on the ground is no more than 500 kg, and the selection of soil parameters should be paid more attentions to conduct a more precise analysis.