Product design logic for an intelligent product modelling system

Recent research in CAD systems has been conducted to realize intelligent processing. Several CAD systems and product modelling systems have been developed using AI techniques. However, in order to develop more intelligent CAD systems, the design logic which connects the functional requirement to the geometric and the technological information of the designed product must be evaluated.

A product model used in such intelligent CAD systems has to include not only the geometric and the technological information of the product but also the designer's thought process which explains the design logic.

Design logic is generally divided into two parts. One is the generalized design logic which is commonly used in the conceptual design of mechanical products. The other is the product specified design logic which is used in the fundamental and detailed design phase. Different logic is applied to each product. This type of design logic is often used in modification design and compilation design, where the dimensions of parts have to be modified according to different functional requirements. When the dimensions and accuracies of the products are defined in connection with the functional requirements through design logic, the CAD system can automatically make decisions according to the given requirements. In this paper, suitable presentation formats and processing functions for these two types of design logic are discussed.

The importance of design logic in product modelling is proven through several case studies in this paper. As a conclusion, the intelligent product modelling system is developed, which should expedite the progress of design automation in the near future. In conceptual design, the design logic is processed in the modelling system and the product structure, with the technological information decided automatically from the functional requirement. Automation in the detailed design phase is also facilitated by the modelling system using the product specified design logic in the product model.     

模块机器人及计算机辅助设计

本文利用新一代计算机辅助设计方法,开展模块机器 人的设计方法论和CAD系统的研究,旨在提出解决柔性加工系统的计算机辅助设计智能软件 的思路和框架．本文以模块机器人的设计为突破口,提出了以面向任务为特征、基于事例的 设计方法在机械概念化设计中的应用．论文中介绍了近年来发展迅速的模块机器人的标准模 块和基本拓扑关系,根据模块机器人概念化设计的特征,结合人工智能应用中基于事例的推 理机制,提出了面向任务和基于事例的计算机辅助设计方法和应用软件的框架,以及实现自 上而下的计算机推理的流程．文中还介绍了面向用户的机器人任务和工作环境的表示．     

基于物元动态系统分析的智能化模型化概念设计

针对计算机辅助概念设计的瓶颈问题和关键技术,一方面应用物元动态系统分析方法给出陶瓷产品的物元系统表示方法,提出了陶瓷产品概念设计中矛盾冲突和矛盾冲突解决的物元系统模型化方法。另一方面提出面向CIMS的CAD的和谐化智能化研制思想,开发了和谐化智能化计算机辅助陶瓷产品概念设计系统。     

Cognitive,collaborative, conceptual and creative — Four characteristics of the next generation of knowledge-based CAD systems: A study in biologically inspired design

We envision that the next generation of knowledge-based CAD systems will be characterized by four features: they will be based on cognitive accounts of design, and they will support collaborative design, conceptual design, and creative design. In this paper, we first analyze these four dimensions of CAD. We then report on a study in the design, development and deployment of a knowledge-based CAD system for supporting biologically inspired design that illustrates these four characteristics. This system, called DANE for Design by Analogy to Nature Engine, provides access to functional models of biological systems. Initial results from in situ deployment of DANE in a senior-level interdisciplinary class on biologically inspired design indicates its usefulness in helping designers conceptualize design of complex systems, thus promising enough to motivate continued work on knowledge-based CAD for biologically inspired design. More importantly from our perspective, DANE illustrates how cognitive studies of design can inform the development of CAD systems for collaborative, conceptual, and creative design, help assess their use in practice, and provide new insights into human interaction with knowledge-based CAD systems.     

产品性能因素描述构架的建立

产品性能作为产品设计的核心，贯穿产品设计的整个过程，抓住产品设计的共性，无疑是产品设计的关键。采用知识工程中的因素空间理论作为理论支撑，基于三层调和功能基础的统一功能分类表达，构建了以统一功能表达分类为维名称的产品性能因素描述构架，并对此构架空间的属性进行了理论分析。为了更好地理解构架空间的概念，描述了具体产品按照性能因素纳入构架空间的5个主要步骤。产品性能因素描述构架的建立，不仅使产品在性能级抽象层次上获得了表面的空间，更重要的是它为产品性能的量化提供了坐标参考，也为分布式资源环境下基于性能驱动的产品检索提供了知识获取依据，从而使CAD技术有望在性能驱动的产品概念设计阶段得到应用。     

基于实例推理方法的液压缸智能CAD系统研究

在机械产品设计阶段，设计者总是借助于已有实例或相似的实例来进行产品开发，针对这一特点，本文以液压缸设计为对象研究基于实例推理的设计方法，提出一种机械产品用实例结构与实例数据相结合的描述方法，论述产品零部件实例的分级描述模型和实例推理方法，实际应用表明，基于实例求解方式是开发系列化产品设计或改进设计智能ＣＡＤ系统的一种有效的推理方法。     

一种面向方案设计的装配建模表示方法

ＣＡＤ系统对方案设计支持的关键是建立独立于几何细节而又表达的功构关系的装配模型,本文试图运用逻辑装配单元的定义来实现产品功能需求和结构表现间的有效关联,分别讨论了方案设计中功能描述和几何构形表示方式,形式化表达了方案设计的逻辑造型和装配建模过程,给出了支持自顶向下方案设计的装配模板定义,为方案设计的计算机辅助实现作了有益的尝试。     

概念设计模型和基于该模型的ICAD系统

围绕计算机辅助陶瓷产品概念设计的瓶颈问题和关键技术,一方面给出易于计算机表示的陶瓷产品的物元系统表示方法,提出陶瓷产品概念设计问题,特别是矛盾冲突问题,的物元系统模型化求解方法。另一方面基于以上模型化方法,设计开发了和谐化智能计算机辅助陶瓷产品概念设计系统。     

用三维几何约束构建概念化设计阶段的三维布局

概念化设计是产品设计中的一个重要环节，其主要任务是实施产品结构的空间布局，并确定连接关系．由于概念化设计阶段产品结构信息不明确，因此现有的三维设计工具(如solidedge7．0，MDT等)无法有效支持概念化阶段的设计活动．在对装配关系进行抽象的基础上，利用三维约束与驱动实现概念化设计阶段的空间布局设计活动，为进行三维设计工具自顶向下的设计模式奠定了基础．     

A study on product modelling for integration of CAD/CAM

Modelling capability for products to be designed and manufactured plays an important role in order to effectively construct and utilize CAD/CAM systems. Product models should represent all the information about products, which is utilized in manufacturing processes. Therefore it is required that they describe functional structures of machine products, and include not only geometric information but also various non-geometric data, such as physical, technological and management data. Presently there do not seem to exist definite methods or theories for constructing product models. In this paper, we first investigate the whole manufacturing process, and propose a system structure for integration of CAD/CAM, in which product modelling plays a fundamental role. Then requirements for product modelling are studied thoroughly, and a new representation framework for product models is proposed. It consists of an object concept called frame, relations among frames and attributes, and it can incorporate the existing various modelling capabilities, such as solid modelling. We use this representation framework in combination with our solid modelling package GEOMAP-III, and show the effectiveness of this approach by performing illustrative design experiments.     

Function and process modeling for integrated product and manufacturing system platforms

Manufacturing companies face increasingly tougher individual customer requirements that force them to revise conceptual solutions for the redesigning of products. This situation limits the reuse of ready-made components and requires physical changes to the manufacturing system. In these settings, platforms must be prepared with greater flexibility to allow development over time. The corresponding platform models need to include conceptual considerations for products and manufacturing systems. The literature advocates functional modeling to capture these considerations but applies it separately to either the product domain or to the manufacturing domain. Further, its relationship to manufacturing processes is not expounded. Thus, functional modeling falls short of its potential to facilitate the integrated development of products and manufacturing systems.This paper puts forth an integrated platform model using functional modeling to capture the conceptual considerations for products and manufacturing systems together with the manufacturing processes. The model is tested for consistency and then illustrated by studying a real case example from the automotive industry modeled according to the approach suggested. The example shows that the model facilitates an understanding of the design of products and their manufacturing systems, including functions shared across domains and across lifecycle phases. Thus, the model is proposed for the conceptual phase of designing, aimed at reusing and redesigning components, machinery, manufacturing processes and design solutions.     

A digital twin-based multidisciplinary collaborative design approach for complex engineering product development

With the ever-increasing demand for personalized product functions, product structure becomes more and more complex. To design a complex engineering product, it involves mechanical, electrical, automation and other relevant fields, which requires a closer multidisciplinary collaborative design (MCD) and integration. However, the traditional design method lacks multidisciplinary coordination, which leads to interaction barriers between design stages and disconnection between product design and prototype manufacturing. To bridge the gap, a novel digital twin-enabled MCD approach is proposed. Firstly, the paper explores how to converge the MCD into the digital design process of complex engineering products in a cyber-physical system manner. The multidisciplinary collaborative design is divided into three parts: multidisciplinary knowledge collaboration, multidisciplinary collaborative modeling and multidisciplinary collaborative simulation, and the realization methods are proposed for each part. To be able to describe the complex product in a virtual environment, a systematic MCD framework based on the digital twin is further constructed. Integrate multidisciplinary collaboration into three stages: conceptual design, detailed design and virtual verification. The ability to verify and revise problems arising from multidisciplinary fusions in real-time minimizes the number of iterations and costs in the design process. Meanwhile, it provides a reference value for complex product design. Finally, a design case of an automatic cutting machine is conducted to reveal the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

基于知识单元的产品结构设计研究与应用

分析了产品设计现状,采用了知识单元概念,将概念信息封装于知识（结构）单元;基于知识单元对设计规则进行BNF表示,提取产品设计知识与规则;提出了基于概念信息知识单元的产品结构设计方法;该方法在多腔模系统设计中得到了成功应用。     

基于结构知识的机械产品设计技术

针对产品设计现状,研究结构设计知识.通过结构知识单元表达概念信息,对设计规则进行BNF表示,之后提取产品设计知识与规则,在此基础上提出了基于结构知识的机械产品设计方法.该方法在多腔模系统设计中得到了成功应用.     

面向计算机的产品创新设计新模型与新原理(Ⅰ)

文章提出利于计算机表示的产品物元系统模型、产品软硬模型、产品结构模型。基于物元系统模型深入分析了产品的多功能性、一征多产品性、一值多产品性。提出了在一定条件下,同物产品同功、同特征产品同功、同值产品同功的产品创新设计原理。基于产品软硬模型、产品结构模型研究了产品的功能分解、产品功能与产品构件的函数关系、产品功能与产品结构的函数关系。新模型和新原理为开发支持产品创新设计的智能CAD打下了良好基础。     

Automatic Virtual Entity Simulation of Conceptual Design Results—Part Ⅰ:Symbolic Scheme Generation and Identification

The development of new products of high quality,low unit cost,and short lead time to market are the key elements required for any enterprise to obtain a competitive advantage.For shorting the lead time to market and improving the creativity and performances of the product,a rule-based conceptual design approach and a methodology to simulate the conceptual design results generated in conceptual design process in automatical virtual entity form are presented in this paper.This part of paper presents a rule-based conceptual design method for generating creative conceptual design schemes of mechanisms based on Yan's kinematic chain regeneration creative design method.The design rules are adopted to describe the design requirements of the functional characteristics,the connection relationships and topological characteristics among mechanisms.Through the graphs-based reasoning process,the conceptual design space is expanded extremely,and the potential creative conceptual design results are then dug out.By refining the design rules,the solution exploration problem is avioded,and the tendentious conceptual design schemes are generated.Since mechanical,electrical and hydraulic subsystems can be transformed into general mechansims,the conceptual design method presented in this paper can also be applied in the conceptual design problem of complex mechatronic systems.And then the method to identify conceptual design schemes is given.     

计算机辅助概念设计研究

本文基于计算机辅助概念设计的重要性,首先介绍了产品设计的发展、相关软件CAD的开发与发展;以及产品设计的趋势,包括集成化、标准化、智能化和网络化等。接着又重点介绍计算机辅助概念设计的关键技术,主要包括产品信息建模和推理,从而说明计算机辅助概念设计具有重要的研究意义。