BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this articles:
P ress P hotography . By Robert B. Rhode and Floyd H. McCall.
I ntroduction to P hotography . By Robert B. Rhode and Floyd H. McCall.
T he A ct of W riting and R eading : A C ombined T ext . By Alan Casty, of Santa Monica City College.
W riting by P atterns . By Helen E. Lefevre, of Chicago City Junior College, and Carl A. Lefevre, of Chicago Teachers College.
A natomy of W riting . By Peter Swiggart, of Brandeis University.
A n I ndex or I deas for W riters and S peakers . By Zebulon Vance Hooker II, of Roanoke College.
M r . J ustice M urphy and the B ill of R ights . By Harold Norris, of the Detroit College of Law.
M ental H ealth B ook R eview I ndex , Volume 10, 1965. Compiled by the Editorial Committee and Contributing Librarians.
L anguages of the M ass M edia : R eadings in A nalysis . Edited by Irving and Harriet Deer, Dickinson State College.
H ow to C ommunicate O rally . By Glenn R. Capp, of Baylor University.
D ocumentary in A merican T elevision . By A. William Bluem.
T he T echnique of the T elevision C ameraman . By Peter Jones.
W ho's W ho in the H istory of P hilosophy . By Thomas Kiernan.
E ssays for C ollege W riting . By A.J.M. Smith.
E ssentials of G rammar and S tyle . By John I. McCollum, Jr.
M ental H ealth B ook R eview , I ndex , Vol. 11, 1966.
D ynamics of R esponse . By Joseph M. Nottennan and Donald E. Mintz.
I mprovement of T eaching by T elevision . Edited by Barton L. Griffith and Donald W. MacLennan.
N eurolocical O rganization and R eading . By Carl H. Delacato.
A R eader for W riters . By Jerome W. Archer, of Arizona State University, and Joseph Schwartz, of Marquette University.
A G lossary for C ollege E nglish . By Martin Stevens, of Ohio State University, and Charles H. Kegel, of Idaho State University.     

Modulation instability of transversely limited electromagnetic waves of terahertz range in strontium titanate paraelectric

Inthe framework of developed approximate phenomenological model we have performed the investigation of modulation instability of transversely limited electromagnetic waves of terahertz range in paraelectric crystals SrTiO₃ at the temperatures of about 77 K. Cubic nonlinearity and frequency dispersion correspond to the existence of modulation instability of long input pulses. The results of numerical investigations of the modulation instability are presented. Transversal boundedness of the input pulses can stabilize the modulation instability. Modulation instability threshold is reduced in the presence of reflections from the crystal boundaries. In the case of development of the modulation instability it is possible to generate a sequence of short terahertz pulses at the output of the crystal. The focusing of input pulses reduces the threshold of modulation instability.     

超声波对铝合金激光-电弧复合焊接影响的研究

为了解决传统铝合金焊接接头气孔数量多、晶粒粗大及力学性能差的问题，以5083-O铝合金为研究对象，进行了超声振动辅助激光-电弧复合焊接试验。研究了超声振动对铝合金焊缝气孔数量、微观组织及抗拉强度的影响，并探讨了超声波在焊接熔池中对气孔排出和组织细化的作用机理。结果表明，超声辅助焊接的焊缝气孔数量显著降低，主要归功于超声空化效应降低了铝合金熔体中的氢浓度，并促进气泡的快速逸出；超声波的空化效应和声流效应改变了熔体的压力、温度以及流动状态，使熔池的结晶条件发生改变，从而通过提高形核率和破碎枝晶细化了焊缝晶粒组织；施加超声振动后的焊缝平均拉伸强度由242.9MPa提高到270MPa，且断裂位置发生在热影响区，主要是因为焊缝区气孔减少和组织细化。此研究对深入理解铝合金焊接过程中缺陷形成机理及提高接头强度是有帮助的。     

基于铝片取向的复合热控涂层吸收发射比调控

金属颗粒掺杂型复合涂层是重要的航天器热控材料,除了粒子材料、尺寸、体积分数、几何形貌、涂层厚度等常规调控手段,颗粒的取向也是影响涂层辐射特性的重要因素。颗粒取向可以通过改变工艺参数或使用定向剂控制,然而目前关于颗粒整体取向对涂层吸收发射比的影响规律尚不清晰,而且现有的采用二流法的研究中大多都将散射假定为各向同性。以热控涂层中常用的大尺寸铝片粒子掺杂型复合涂层为计算模型,采用考虑衍射的几何光学方法和考虑各向异性散射的二流法研究了铝片取向角对热控涂层吸收发射比的调控规律,同时考虑了铝片体积分数和涂层厚度等因素。结果表明：通过调节粒子取向可实现涂层吸收发射比在0.48～1.69范围内的调控。涂层平均吸收率和平均发射率在铝片取向角超过45°时明显增大。涂层吸收发射比在铝片取向角45°附近最小,并且随铝片体积分数的增大而减小。研究表明：通过控制粒子的整体取向可有效实现吸收发射比的调控,为热控涂层的设计和调控提供了新的思路。     

用于大气消光系数测量的组合棱镜吸收池设计

基于两棱镜组合的光学特点提出了一种改进的光振荡装置。该装置由四个直角棱镜组成,通过调节棱镜间的相对距离和位置,可以改变基线长度和振荡次数,使光线在光振荡装置中实现立体分布,达到增加光程的目的。通过测量输出光强度,得到大气消光系数和能见度;对实际应用中激光器发散角所引起的光传输过程中光斑直径随光程增加而增大的情况进行了数值模拟,并分析了不同能见度对应消光系数及不同光程的光强衰减比,为探测器的选取提供参考。     

An approach in the life cycle cost of integrated logistic support

In this paper an approach in the L.C.C. of I.L.S. is presented. Beginning with the three state Markov model of each equipment of the system and by considering the problem of the scheduling of preventive maintenance, the optimum interval between inspections of equipment-system is determined. Then the total cost of the I.L.S. is calculated for both the contractor and the customer.     

一种新型偏振辐射计

偏振探测技术应用于大气散射辐射偏振特性测量,由于大气散射偏振态的时空变化特性,要求测量仪器具有实时获取偏振数据的能力。针对这一需求研制了一种新型偏振辐射计,提出了利用偏振透光轴三方向光路平行探测的方案,能够实时获取目标的偏振特性参数。着重分析系统软硬件结构设计,介绍了一种以USB采集卡为核心的信号采集系统,并利用积分球光源对系统进行相对辐射定标,分析了定标数据。实验结果表明,该套系统能够满足大气偏振探测的要求。     

某喷气发动机尾焰的中长波红外辐射分析和比较

利用中波红外和长波红外热像仪对某型 喷气飞机发动机尾焰的红外辐射特性进行了测量,得到了3～5 μm 和8～12 μm波段的尾焰辐射亮度分布。结果表明,从飞机 尾向上观测到的中波红外和长波红外尾焰均成对称分布,前者的最高辐射亮 度和尾焰面积分别是后者的4.6倍和2.1倍;从飞机侧向上观测到的 中波红外尾焰的最高辐射亮度、尾焰长度和面积分别是长波红外尾焰 的2.2倍、3.8倍和5.7倍,前者的优势非常明显。另外,受高温尾焰加热的影响,尾 焰周围空气的温度明显上升,使其辐 射亮度高于其他背景的辐射亮度。本文获得的测量结果对尾焰红外辐射特性仿 真和计算研究具有一定的参考价值。     

Some results on the minimum distance structure of cyclic codes

This paper presents a number of interesting results relating to the determination of actual minimum distance of cyclic codes. Codes with multiple sets of consecutive roots are constructed. A bound on the minimum weight of odd-weight codewords is determined. Relations on the distribution of roots of the generator polynomial are investigated. Location polynomials of reversible codes are examined. These results are used to obtain better estimates of the minimum distance of many new cyclic codes.     

Evolution of Wigner function in laser process under the action of linear resonance force and its application

The negativity of Wigner function (WF) is one of the important symbols of non-classical properties of light field. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the evolution of WF in dissipative process. The evolution formula of WF in laser process under the action of linear resonance force is given by virtue of thermo entangled state representation and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operator. As its application, the evolution of WF of thermal field and that of single-photon-added coherent state are discussed. The results show that the WF of thermal field maintains its original character. On the other hand, the negative region size and the depth of negativity of WF of single- photon-added coherent state decrease until it vanishes with dissipation. This shows that the non-classical property of single-photon-added coherent state is weakened, until it disappears with dissipation time increasing.     

男性不孕症患者精子超微结构异常的电镜诊断

对63例男性不孕症患者的精子做了电镜超微结构观察,并做了与之对应的光镜及常规检查。除11例为死精症外,52例均为精子结构异常。52例中40例为头部异常,12例尾异常。头部异常主要为无顶体、顶体发育不良和染色质发育不良,尾异常主要为2＋9＋9结构异常及接柱异常。结果显示精子电镜超微结构检查能很好地避免误诊,并对精子结构异常的种类做出准确的诊断。     

New frequency-dependent parametric modeling of dielectric materials

The recent increase in the use of electromagnetic (EM) waves raises more and more concern about the impact of EM radiation. Dielectric properties of materials are important indications of the depth of EM propagation and dispersion. This led to substantial research on the parametric modeling of dielectric properties of materials. In this paper, such modeling of material is studied for frequencies up to 100 GHz. The new model proposed was developed to describe the variation of dielectric properties of dielectricity as a function of frequency using experimental results on dielectric dispersion. Approximate modeling of electrical parameters can be very useful in that it allows the engineer to avoid complex equations of conventional models. Specifically, this work analyzes the dielectric properties of human parts, water, soil and vegetation. The new model is proposed for those materials. The theoretical background on those materials was investigated and simulation results on complex permittivity, the attenuation and phase constants of wave, of each of those materials were performed to assess the accuracy of the new approximate model. This model has further enabled conclusions in terms of measurable biophysical parameters.     

About principal possibility of automated following by active frequency of non-stationery processes spectrum by means of active filter

It is underlined explicit usefulness and efficiency of hardware analysis of active spectrum of non-stationery processes, necessity of automated following by frequency of input signal filters (AFFF) application as analyzing filters. It is mentioned drawbacks of analysis methods of such filters and necessity of approval possibility of frequency self-tuning of any type filters (FSAF) of high order. Possibility of FSAF and, hence, AFFF is proven in terms of application of some known features of manual regulation of electrical filters. By means of computer mathematical modeling in system VisSim/com it is proven AFFF possibility. It is underlined possibilities of some useful their application.     

Forced nonlinear precession of the magnetization vector under the conditions of an orientation transition

Forced nonlinear precession of the magnetization vector in a normally magnetized magnetic plate under the conditions of an orientation transition is considered. It is shown that, in the field lower than the form demagnetization field, the variable circularly polarized field causes precession of the equilibrium position of the magnetization vector. It is demonstrated based on a vector model in which the precession period of the equilibrium position is inversely proportional to the squared amplitude of the variable field and the sine of the angle of deviation of the equilibrium position of magnetization from the constant field. It is shown that the critical parameters necessary for excitation of precession of the equilibrium position are the amplitude and frequency of the variable field. Diagrams determining domains of existence of precession of the equilibrium position for different saturation magnetization of a magnetic plate are constructed in terms of the coordinates variable field amplitude-frequency. The role of dissipation of magnetization oscillations in the determination of the critical parameters is elucidated. The features of precession in the presence of asymmetric excitation and in the presence of anisotropy in the plane of the plate are noted.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Dictionnaire Critique de la Communication (Critical Dictionary of Communication) Edited by Lucien Sfez.
Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition: Communication from Ancient Times to the Information Age Edited by Theresa Enos.
Last Rights: Revisiting Four Theories of the Press Edited by John C. Nerone.
Selling the Air: A Critique of the Policy of Commercial Broadcasting in the United States By Thomas Streeter.
Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse By Richard R. John.
The Power of News By Michael Schudson.
Public Opinion and the Communication of Consent Edited by Theodore L. Glasser and Charles T. Salmon.
Political Style: The Artistry of Power By Robert Hariman.
The Media and Modernity: A Social Theory of the Media By John B. Thompson.
The Social Semiotics of Mass Communication By Klaus Bruhn Jensen.
Unstable Frontiers: Techno-medicine and the Cultural Politics of "Curing" AIDS By John Nguyet Erni.
The Death of Discourse By Ronald K. L. Collins and David M. Skover.
Emotion and the Structure of Narrative Film By Ed Tan.
Moving Images: Understanding Children's Emotional Responses to Television By David Buckingham.
Smooth Talkers: The Linguistic Performance of Auctioneers and Sportscasters By Koenrad Kuiper.
Situating Selves: The Communication of Social Identities in American Scenes By Donal Carbaugh.
American Communication Research: The Remembered History Edited by Everette E. Dennis and Ellen Wartella.
The Lively Arts: Gilbert Seldes and the Transformation of Cultural Criticism in the United States By Michael Kammen.     

关于物联网应用若干关键问题的研究

在当今社会物联网是一个新兴的产业同时也是人们研究的重点.但是不管是对于物联网的认识还是对于物联网的研究都还处在初步的探究阶段.本文立足于物联网的概念,对我国物联网的发展现状以及发展中存在的问题进行分析.并且对物联网的关键性技术进行阐述.希望更好的促进我国物联网技术的发展.     

Structure size dependent recovery of thin polystyrene layers in thermal imprint lithography

Thermal imprints into polymer layers, which are thin compared to the structure height of the stamp provide the advantage that minimum residual layers can be achieved. On the other hand, due to the specific properties of thermoplastic polymers, recovery, i.e. a release of stored imprint energy, may occur after separation of sample and stamp. The intensity of this recovery strongly depends on the imprint temperature. Unfortunately a reduction of recovery by means of increased imprint temperature often generates other problems like unwanted physical self-assembly of the polymer.Another parameter that affects the development of recovery is the structure size of the imprinted patterns. This contribution is about the structure size dependency of the intensity of polymer recovery. By means of lift-off imprints of different structure sizes and types are tested after the imprint at two different temperatures.     

Medical system engineering

Medical system engineering is a theoretical discipline which unifies the methods of analysis and synthesis of complex medical systems, medical technology, and public health services in general. The work of medical institutions typically involves an abundance of medical and economic information, basically in statistical form. Mathematical models of medical institutions establish regularities in the mass of empirical information and remove distortions in the statistical data, thereby aiding the work of planning organizations. Considering medical institutions as complex queueing systems involving cost estimates of the institutions themselves and implicit losses connected with delay times, gives a theoretical basis for choosing the parameters of the medical institutions to be economically optimal. To determine these parameters we must solve problems of nonlinear programming. Some particular problems of public health services are studied: i.e., determining the optimal number of beds in a hospital and the optimal number of ambulances, and determining periodicities in conducting prophylactic examinations. The study of the systems of several medical institutions and their influence on the flow of patients leads to the use of the method of statistical simulation. A simulation using the Markov process, changing the random waiting times of individual cases to their mean values, thereby decreasing the variance of the statistical estimates, is considered. A numerical example is given, illustrating one heuristic approach to estimating the accuracy of the results of this type of simulation. The contradiction between the level of scientific achievements of medicine and the possibilities of their wide practical realization is discussed in the framework of the present system of public health services where individual forms of labor prevail, hampering the effective use of medical technology. The importance of computer automation in processing medical information is pointed out.     

Synthesis and design of constant phase elements based on the multiplication of electronically controllable bilinear immittances in practice

The main aim of this paper is the investigation of practical aspects of synthesis of so-called active constant phase elements (CPE). The proposed synthesis is based on the multiplication of partial bilinear immittance segments with electronically adjustable locations of zero and pole. An overview of already known methods for the synthesis of active types of CPE is given and explained as the initial motivation of this work. This work introduces a solution of new simplified two-active-elements-based bilinear immittance and investigates its implementation in loop of operational-transconductance-amplifiers-based impedance converter operating as a general immittance multiplier of a theoretically infinite number of partial immittance segments. The presented results show practical consequences of applying these bilinear immittance segments in CPE synthesis. The most important advantages of the presented proposal are: simplified circuitry of a partial bilinear segment and mutually independent electronic and linear control of zero and pole frequencies allowing electronic reconfiguration of the order of CPE. The design is accompanied by a detailed analysis of real behavior and practical recommendations for design. Real non-ideal features of active elements have significant impact on CPE operation. Therefore, a detailed study of practical aspects has been prepared and supported by Matlab calculations. Conclusions resulting from analyses are supported by PSpice simulations and real experiments.     

红外无线信道特性的评价方法

基于评价室内红外无线通信信道的目的,采用改进的朗伯定律描述室内表面的漫射特性,分析了信道中直射及漫射分量的大小,定义了评价红外无线信道的瞬态响应及时延的表达方法,并针对几个实用信道进行了模拟。结果表明,光接收机的ＦＯＶ及位置的变化对信道特性的影响较大。通过信道特性的分析比较,对构成高健壮性的室内光无线通信信道有积极意义。