利用Alq3掺杂在NPB中制备白光OLED

利用Alq3掺杂在NPB中作为空穴传输层,并以DPVBi和rubrene作为发光层,制备了多层的白光有机发光器件(OLED).与在同一条件下的对比器件相比,掺杂的器件在相同电压下亮度和效率都有所增加.掺杂的器件的最大亮度在17 V时达到了19 921 cd/m2,最大效率在7 V时达到了3.69 cd/A,色坐标(CIE)在5～16 V内几乎没有改变,我们认为,掺杂器件性能的提高是由于掺杂剂Alq3分子对空穴有散射作用,阻挡了部分空穴的传输,降低了空穴的迁移率;而Alq3又是很好的电子传输材料,Alq3掺杂提高了空穴和电子在发光层中的注入平衡,有利于激子的形成,从而提高了器件的性能.     

以9,99'-联蒽和红荧烯为发光层的白色OLED研制

利用旋涂技术,将蓝光材料9,9'-bianthracene和黄光材料rubrene以一定的比例混合达到白光的效果,制备了白色有机电致发光器件(WOLED).当掺杂比为0.9%时得到近白光器件,色坐标为(0.308,0.347),器件的启亮电压为8 V,当外加电压达到25 V时,器件发光亮度达3120 cd/m2.     

AND:Rubrene发光层的有机电致白光器件

利用9,10-bis(2-naphthyl) anthracene(AND)掺杂rubrene作为器件单一发光层,研制成功单层白光器件。器件在电流密度为140mA/cm2时,电流效率达到5.93cd/A;当电压为21V时,该器件达到最高亮度9300cd/m2。器件发光色坐标为(0.32,0.40),且随着电压的变化发光色度始终处于白光区。这种器件的白色发射是来源于AND(蓝色发射)和rubrene(橙色发散)的混合发射。与此同时,AND和rubrene二者之间会发生Frster能量传递。     

利用Ir(ppy)_3敏化CzHQZn提高OLED的性能

用CzHQZn作为受主,利用磷光敏化的方法制备了有机电致黄光和白光器件。黄光器件采用Ir(ppy)3掺杂4,4-N,N′-=咔唑基联苯(CBP),敏化新的黄光材料CzHQZn作为发光层,当发光层厚度为18nm时器件性能最好,最大发光效率为3.26cd/A(at10V),最大发光亮度为17560cd/m2(at10V);白光器件采用多发光层结构,结合ADN的蓝光复合发光,同时加入了电子阻挡层(NPBX)和空穴阻挡层(BCP),获得的白光器件最大发光效率为2.94cd/A(at8V),最大亮度为11089cd/m2(at13V)。     

CdS薄层对有机电致发光器件性能的影响

将光电材料硫化镉(CdS)薄层插入到结构为ITO/NPB/Rubrene/NPB/DPVBi/Alq3/LiF/Al的白光有机发光器件(OLED)的Alq3和LiF之间,研究了CdS对OLED性能的影响。结果表明,0.1nm厚的CdS插入Alq3和LiF之间的器件性能最好。器件电压从7 V变化到14 V时,色度均在白光的中心区域;当电压为7V时,器件的最大电流效率为9.09cd/A;当电压为14V时,器件的最大亮度为16 370cd/m2。不加CdS时,当电压为8V时,器件的最大效率为5.16cd/A;当电压为14V时,最大亮度为6 669cd/m2。加CdS的器件比不加CdS的器件最大效率提高了1.76倍,最大亮度提高了2.42倍。     

掺杂C545T对2T-NATA作为空穴注入层OLED性能的影响

实验制备了6组结构为ITO/2T-NATA(15 nm)/NPB(25 nm)/Alq3(20 nm):C545T(x%)/Alq3(30 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al(100 nm)的绿光多层结构OLED器件,其中x分别为0、1、2、3、4和5.比较了不同掺杂浓度条件下OLED器件的电致发光特性,结果表明:用2T-NATA作为空穴注入层可有效提高载流子的注入效果,同样能够达到高亮度.将C545T掺杂到Alq3中能够明显改善器件的发光亮度和色纯度,并调节载流子复合区域的位置,有效提高发光效率.掺杂C545T对器件性能的影响显著,随着C545T掺杂浓度的提高,电流和亮度先增大后减小.当掺杂浓度为3%时,14 V电压下的最大发光亮度达到12 418 cd/m2,浓度为2%时的器件,在12 V驱动电压下的最大电流效率为10.22 cd/A.     

以9,9′-联蒽和红荧烯为发光层的白色OLED研制

利用旋涂技术,将蓝光材料9,9′-bianthracene和黄光材料rubrene以一定的比例混合达到白光的效果,制备了白色有机电致发光器件(WOLED)。当掺杂比为0.9%时得到近白光器件,色坐标为(0.308,0.347),器件的启亮电压为8V,当外加电压达到25V时,器件发光亮度达3120cd/m2。     

利用色彩转换膜实现白色有机电致发光研究

利用蓝色有机发光二极管(BOLED)激发色彩转换膜的方法,制备了一种新型的白色有机电致发光器件(WOLED)。BOLED的发光层采用CBP主体掺杂高效蓝色荧光染料N-BDAVBi来制备;色彩转换膜是将橙红色荧光颜料VQ-D24均匀分散到A、B环氧树脂中涂敷、固化而成。通过调整与分析转换膜的厚度和荧光颜料的掺杂比例来优化白光器件的发光光谱,获得了色稳定性较高的WOLED。当驱动电压由7V升至14V时,WOLED的色坐标(CIE)仅在(0.33,0.32)和(0.34,0.28)间变化,器件最高电流效率约为7.3cd/A(4.35mA/cm2),最高亮度为12000cd/m2(14V)。     

基于rubrene掺杂剂的高亮度白色有机电致发光器件

采用CBP主体材料中掺杂rubrene,制备了结构为ITO/2T-NATA(25 nm)/NPBX(20 nm)/CBP: 1%rubrene(10 nm)/NPBX(5 nm)/DPVBi(30 nm)/TPBi(20 nm)/Alq(10 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al的白光器件,此结构将器件的发光区控制在了DPVBi层和rubrene掺杂层.利用rubrene染料本身的载流子俘获空穴特性与CBP母体转移来的能量发射荧光特性,以及插入的5 nm NPBX的电子阻挡特性获得了高亮度的白光器件.此器件在驱动电压为16 V时最大亮度达到25 110 cd/m2,对应的色坐标为(0.30,0.34),在驱动电压为10 V时最大电流效率为5.32 cd/A,外量子效率为1.65%.而且,驱动电压在10～16 V时,即达到最大亮度和最大效率时,其色坐标都在白光等能点(0.33,0.33)附近.     

以Zn(BTZ)_2∶rubrene为发光层的一种新型白色有机电致发光液晶显示背光源

制备了以Zn(BTZ)2∶rubrene为发光层的5种白色有机电致发光器件,并将其应用于液晶显示背光源。5种器件色度最好时的CIE坐标值为(0.32,0.33),最大有效发光面积达到3 cm×3 cm,此时器件的平均亮度达到264 cd/m2,亮度均匀性达到80%。并且分析了随器件有效发光面积增大,发光均匀性、亮度以及最大量子效率减小而器件电流密度反而增大的原因。同时发现附加金属(Ag)辅助电极在一定程度上有助于提高器件的性能。最后将所制备的5种器件与液晶显示屏相匹配,它们均基本满足液晶显示对背光源的要求。     

Interfacial reaction and shear strength of SnAgCu-xNi/Ni solder joints during aging at 150 °C

The interfacial microstructure and shear strength of Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu-xNi (SAC-xNi, x = 0.5, 1, and 2) composite solders on Ni/Au finished Cu pads were investigated in detail after aging at 150 °C for up to 1000 h. The interfacial characteristics of composite solder joints were affected significantly by the weight percentages of added Ni micro-particles and aging time. After aging for 200 h, the solder joints of SAC, SAC-0.5Ni and -1Ni presented duplex intermetallic compound (IMC) layers regardless of the initial interfacial structure on as-reflowed joints, whose upper and lower IMC layers were comprised of (CuNi)₆Sn₅ and (NiCu)₃Sn₄, respectively. Only a single (NiCu)₃Sn₄ IMC layer was ever observed at the SAC-2Ni/Ni interface on whole aging process. Based on the compositional analysis, the amount of Ni within the IMC regions increased as the proportion of Ni addition increased. The IMC (NiCu)₃Sn₄ layer thickness on the interface of SAC and SAC-0.5Ni grew more slowly when compared to that of SAC-1Ni and -2Ni, while for the (CuNi)₆Sn₅ layer the reverse is true. Except the IMCs sizes are increased with increased aging time, the interfacial IMCs tended to transfer their morphologies to polyhedra. In all composite joints testing, the shear strengths were approximately equal to non-composite joints. The fracturing observed during shear testing of composite joints occurred in the bulk solder, indicating that the SAC-xNi/Ni solder joints had a desirable joint reliability.     

有机发光二极管中ADN掺杂ErQ的1.54μm电致发光

自行设计了基于8-羟基喹啉铒(ErQ)为发射层(EMLs)和二硝酰胺铵(ADN)为蓝光主体材料的近红外有机发光二级管.器件的基本结构为(p-Si/NPB/EML/Bphen/Bphen:Cs2CO3/Sm/Au),设计并比较了三套不同发射层结构(ErQ/ADN为双层结构器件,(ErQ/ADN)×3为多层结构器件,ErQ:ADN为掺杂结构器件)的器件.三组器件在一定的偏压下,均可发出1.54μm的光,对应三价铒离子4I13/2→4I15/2的跃迁.其中,ADN:ErQ(1∶1)掺杂结构的近红外电致发光强度是ADN/ErQ双层结构中的三倍.此外,不同掺杂浓度的ADN:ErQ复合膜做了以下表征:吸收谱、光致发光谱和荧光寿命谱.实验结果证实了在近红外电致发光过程中存在从ADN主体分子到ErQ发射分子的高效率的能量转移.     

BNBST无铅压电陶瓷的制备工艺研究

设计了（Bi0.55Na0.5）1-X（BaaSrb）xTiO3（BNBST[100x-100a／100b]）无铅压电陶瓷新体系。该体系压电陶瓷具有工艺特性及压电响应好，压电常数高的特点，且有实际应用前景的新型压电陶瓷材料体系。采用传统的陶瓷工艺制备了（Bi0.55Na0.5）1-X（BaaSrb）xTiO3无铅压电陶瓷，研究了制备工艺参数对其物化结构性能的影响。生料的热重-差热（TGA-DTA）分析表明，粉料合成过程中，先是SrTiO3、BaTiO3的形成，然后是（Bi0．5Na0．5）Tio，的形成，同时三者形成固溶体；密度测试表明，陶瓷的体积密度随烧结温度的升高而增大，可较易获得理论密度94％的陶瓷；X-射线能谱分析（EDAX）研究表明，陶瓷的Bi、Na的挥发随着烧结温度的升高而加剧。研究结果表明，要制备性能优良的无铅压电陶瓷，需要精确控制制备工艺。     

Emerging interconnects: a state-of-the-art review and emerging solutions

Aluminium was a primary material for interconnection in integrated circuits (ICs) since their inception. Later, copper was introduced as interconnect material which has better metallic conductivity and resistance to electromigration. As the aggressive technology scaling continues, the copper resistivity increased because of size effects, which causes increase in delay, power dissipation and electromigration. The need to reduce the resistor-capacitor??????? delay, dynamic power utilisation and the crosstalk commotion is as of now the fundamental main impetus behind the presentation of new materials. The purpose of this paper is to do a survey of interconnect material used in IC from introduction of ICs to till date. This paper studies and reviews new materials available for interconnect application which are optical interconnects, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and silicon nanowires which are alternatives to copper. While doing a survey of interconnect material, it is found that multiwalled CNTs, multilayer GNR and mixed CNT bundles are promising candidates and are ultimate choice that can strongly address the problems faced by copper but on integration basis copper would last for coming years.     

钠离子对poly(dT).poly(dA).poly(dT)三螺旋DNA分子呼吸模式的影响

利用分子结构的螺旋对称性,建立了一个包括钠离子的三链DNA分子poly(dT)*poly(dA)*poly(dT)的晶格动力学模型,计算了poly(dT)*poly(dA)*poly(dT)的氢键呼吸模式.结果发现钠离子的加入明显地淬灭了位于较低频率的几个最为强烈的Hoogensteen氢键呼吸模式,而对Watson-Crick氢键呼吸模式影响不明显,这说明钠离子能提高poly(dT)*poly(dA)*poly(dT)三螺旋结构的稳定性.该计算结果很好地解释了poly(dT)*poly(dA)*poly(dT)的热融化实验.     

聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑发光及其器件制备

采用光谱技术,研究了聚对苯撑苯并双(口恶)唑(PBO)溶液的光敏发光特性,并用相对法估算出溶液发光效率在50%范围.结合光谱技术、半导体电学和电化学等研究手段,具体研究了以PBO为发光层的单层电致发光器件,研究结果显示,电致发光与薄膜的光致发光有具有相同的发光中心,峰值位于510 nm左右.同时发现,由于存制备过程中不同处理条件使得不同厚度薄膜残留的掺杂物质浓度不同,从而引起薄膜的导电性的不同.使得器件的阈值场强随PBO厚度的减小而逐渐增加.     

人小肠粘膜免疫酶的定位研究—光镜和电镜免疫组织化学染色法

本文对免疫酶组织化学的样品制备程序和染色方法做了详细的阐述。用直接法、间接法和ABC法,对人小肠免疫酶的定位,进行了光镜和电镜的观察,染色阳性反应显著,获得了满意的效果。并对染色技巧做了分析和探讨。     

Arsenic deposition as a precursor layer on silicon (211) and (311) surfaces

We investigate the properties of arsenic (As) covered Si(211) and Si(311) surfaces by analyzing data from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) images. We then create a model using total surface energy calculations. It was found that both Si(211) and Si(311) had 0.68±0.08 surface As coverage. Si(211) had 0.28±0.04 Te coverage and Si(311) had 0.24±0.04 Te coverage. The Si(211) surface replaces the terrace and trench Si atoms with As for a lower surface energy, while the Si edge atoms form dimers. The Si(311) surface replaces all terrace atoms and adsorbs an As dimer every other edge site. These configurations imply an improvement in the mean migration path from the bare silicon surface by allowing the impinging atoms for the next epitaxial layer, tellurium (Te), to bind at every other pair of edge atoms, and not the step terrace sites. This would ensure a nonpolar, B-face growth.     

Joint estimation of TOA and DOA in IR-UWB system using a successive propagator method

Impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) ranging and positioning require accurate estimation of time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA). With receiver of two antennas, both of the TOA and DOA parameters can be estimated via two-dimensional (2D) propagator method (PM), in which the 2D spectral peak searching, however, renders much higher computational complexity. This paper proposes a successive PM algorithm for joint TOA and DOA estimation in IR-UWB system to avoid 2D spectral peak searching. The proposed algorithm firstly gets the initial TOA estimates in the two antennas from the propagation matrix, then utilises successively one-dimensional (1D) local searches to achieve the estimation of TOAs in the two antennas, and finally obtains the DOA estimates via the difference in the TOAs between the two antennas. The proposed algorithm, which only requires 1D local searches, can avoid the high computational cost in 2D-PM algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can obtain automatically paired parameters and has better joint TOA and DOA estimation performance than conventional PM algorithm, estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques algorithm and matrix pencil algorithm. Meanwhile, it has very close parameter estimation to that of 2D-PM algorithm. We have also derived the mean square error of TOA and DOA estimation of the proposed algorithm and the Cramer-Rao bound of TOA and DOA estimation in this paper. The simulation results verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

盲多用户检测技术中的恒模算法分析

恒模算法（CMA）是一种广泛应用于阵列处理、均衡和多用户检测中的盲算法。现对恒模算法及其在盲多用户检测技术中的应用进行了分析,并指出其研究方向。