氟盐置换EDTA容量法测定硅铝系耐火材料中Al2O3

试样用混合熔剂熔融,经稀盐酸浸取样经碱熔水浸取,用苯羟乙酸(苦杏仁酸)掩蔽Ti,在过量EDTA存在下,调pH=3～4,加热使铝、铁等离子与EDTA络合,加入pH=5.5的六次甲基四胺溶液,以二甲酚橙为指示剂,先用乙酸锌滴定溶液滴定过量的EDTA,再用氟盐取代与铝络合的EDTA,最后用乙酸锌滴定溶液滴定取代出的EDTA,求得Al₂O₃含量。本方法不适用于含锆试样,操作简便,滴定终点易于观察,Al₂O₃测定范围较广。     

含B2O3的Al2O3—Fe2O3基无氟复合造渣剂的试验研究

在杭钢炼钢厂40t转炉上进行了含B2O3的Al2O3-Fe2O3基无氟复合造渣剂的工业性试验。试验结果表明其冶金特性良好;能提前0.5~1.0min化渣;全程化渣好,基本上不喷溅,不"返干"、不"粘枪";钢铁料、石灰等消耗有所降低。本文还探讨了Al2O3与B2O3化渣机理的有关问题。     

不烧Al2O3-C质耐火材料在水蒸气中的抗氧化性能

对高炉炉身下部用不烧Al₂O₃-C质耐火材料在水蒸气环境下的抗氧化性能进行了详细的热力学分析和全面的氧化性能实验.根据实验结果,总结出其氧化规律,建立了不烧Al₂O₃-C质耐火材料的氧化动力学模型.此外,还对氧化前后试样的抗折强度进行了测定和比较.     

Al2O3La2O3Y2O3/Cu复合材料的电弧侵蚀特性研究

采用喷射沉积和内氧化法制备出Al₂O₃La₂O₃Y₂O₃/Cu复合材料,研究该材料在直流20 V/20 A的工作条件下触点的电弧侵蚀特性,并与Al₂O₃/Cu材料进行了对比分析.利用电子天平、扫描电镜等方法分析电弧侵蚀后触点的质量变化和表面微观结构.结果表明,通过添加Y₂O₃、La₂O₃稀土氧化物颗粒,可有效降低触头材料的材料转移量.Al₂O₃La₂O₃Y₂O₃/Cu材料的抗熔焊性和抗烧损性优于Al₂O₃/Cu材料的性能.在直流阻性负载条件下Al₂O₃La₂O₃Y₂O₃/Cu阳极触头表面形成凹坑,阴极触头表面形成凸起,触点表面显示出浆糊状凝固物和喷发坑等电弧侵蚀形貌特征.      

不同钛含量的钢与Al2O3和MgAl2O4界面润湿行为

高温下钢液中会生成大量的非金属夹杂物,对钢的浇铸工艺和钢产品性能产生不利影响。通过研究高钛钢与夹杂物的界面润湿行为,以期为高钛钢成分设计以及夹杂物的控制研究提供理论依据。以不同钛含量的钢样品以及Al₂O₃和MgAl₂O₄为研究对象,采用改进后的座滴法进行高温润湿试验得到表观接触角;通过电子探针对样品界面的微观形貌和元素进行表征,并结合热力学计算对钢与夹杂物的界面润湿行为进行解释。当钢中钛质量分数分别为0.01%、0.31%和0.68%时,Al₂O₃/钢润湿系统的表观接触角分别为96°、90°和112°,润湿后的样品界面均匀,无新反应相的存在和明显的元素富集。MgAl₂O₄/钢润湿系统的表观接触角分别为113°、106°和130°;低钛含量(w(Ti)=0.01%)时,界面无反应相生成,高钛含量时,界面存在不连续的反应层,为MgS、MgO、Ti₄S₂C₂     

低温Al2O3悬浮电解新工艺的研究

研究了利用低熔点氟氯化物体系作电解质的低温Al₂O₃悬浮电解制铝新工艺,从20~80A电解槽上进行的电解结果,推导了电流效率的计算表达式.结果表明,影响电流效率的主要因素是槽电流和产物铝的表面积,增大槽电流和减小产物铝的表面积都能使电流效率增大.在100A电解槽上实验,当电解温度为750℃,γ-Al₂O₃平均粒度为1.22μm,电解质中F^-和Cl^-的摩尔比为1时,电流效率达到86.3%,制取1kgAl的电耗为11.73kW·h.     

超音速等离子喷涂Al2O3与Al2O3-13%TiO2涂层热震性能

采用超音速等离子喷涂工艺在不锈钢基体上制备了FeAl/Al₂O₃、FeCrAl/Al₂O₃、FeAl/Al₂O₃-13%TiO₂、FeCrAl/Al₂O₃-13%TiO₂四种涂层,通过扫描电镜表征微观结构,图像分析技术测量孔隙率,多峰法计算α-Al₂O₃质量分数,并测试了涂层的抗热震性能和结合强度。结果表明：超音速等离子喷涂制备的Al₂O₃涂层中α-Al₂O₃的质量分数约为40.3%～42.5%,涂层孔隙率约为3.47%～3.52%,制备的Al₂O₃-13%TiO₂涂层中α-Al₂O₃的质量分数约为24.0%～29.7%,涂层孔隙率...     

精炼钢包用Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO系复相耐火材料的研发

为适应精炼钢包用耐火材料轻量化的发展需要,采用两步烧结法向Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO系复相耐火材料中添加La_2O_3,并对该耐火材料的抗LF精炼渣侵蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明,添加的La_2O_3优先固溶入Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO系复相耐火材料的晶相CaO·6Al_2O_3中,促使CaO·6Al_2O_3晶胞产生晶格畸变,有效抑制了CaO·6Al_2O_3晶粒沿基面的异常长大,进而有效地促进了Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO系复相耐火材料的烧结致密化。当添加La_2O_3的质量分数为4%,在1600℃保温2h烧成后,试样的气孔率由占总体积分数的19.2%下降至6.1%,体积密度由2.78g/cm3上升至3.18g/cm3,制得了含MgO·Al_2O_3、CaO·2Al_2O_3、CaO·6Al_2O_3晶相且呈现交织分布、显微结构致密的Al_2O_3-MgO-CaO系复相耐火材料,其抗LF精炼渣侵蚀性能与同等致密度的Al_2O_3-MgO质耐火材料相当。     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FeO渣对Al2O3的溶解

为了控制低碳铝镇静钢中Al₂O₃夹杂物,并提升渣系对Al₂O₃夹杂物吸附能力,采用FactSage 8.1模拟计算CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-5%MgO-5%FeO渣系的等黏度图和等ΔC/η(ΔC=C■-C■,η为渣的黏度)值线图。根据模拟计算图选取合适的五元精炼渣做Al₂O₃的吸附试验,试验研究了Al₂O₃在CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-5%MgO-5%FeO渣系中的溶解速率,讨论了Al₂O₃棒浸入深度、直径、转速、渣成分以及温度对Al₂O₃溶解速率的影响,求解了Al₂O₃在溶解过程中的活化能。最后,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(Apreo S HiVa...     

Al2O3对钒钛磁铁精矿烧结性能的影响

针对四川德胜集团钢铁有限公司使用高配比钒钛磁铁精矿烧结生产的情况,在实验室进行了Al2O3对钒钛烧结矿产质量、低温还原粉化以及烧结矿矿物组成和显微结构的试验研究。研究结果表明:Al2O3含量的提高对烧结矿的产、质量以及低温还原粉化指标产生不利的影响,考虑到烧结原料条件及实际生产的需要,烧结矿中Al2O3含量小于3.2%为宜。     

Effect of CeO2 nanoparticle sizes on catalytic performances of sulfated CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst in NH3-SCR reaction

The sulfated CeO₂/Al₂O₃ catalysts with different sizes of CeO₂ nanoparticles were prepared by using pure H₂O or acetic acid solution as impregnation solvent, and the influence of sizes of CeO₂ nanoparticles on the catalytic performances of the sulfated CeO₂/Al₂O₃ catalyst was studied. The catalytic performance tests show that the sulfated CeO₂/Al₂O₃ catalyst using a...     

Zirconia modified monolithic macroporous Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst used for water-gas shift reaction

Monolithic macroporous Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 and zirconia modified Pt/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by using concentrated emulsions synthesis route. The catalytic performances over the platinum-based catalysts were investigated by water-gas shift (WGS) reaction in a wide temperature range (180-300 oC). The samples were characterized with thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and temperature programmed reducti...     

Al2O3/ZrO2层状复合陶瓷的研究

用辊轧工艺,在最佳成分配比及烧结制度下,制备了Al₂O₃/20%Al₂O₃(nm)+20%ZrO₂+60%Al₂O₃(μm)/Al₂O₃层状复合陶瓷.通过断裂韧性的测定,发现层状复合的断裂韧性值比无层状复合的Al₂O₃或ZrO₂增韧Al₂O₃有很大的提高,利用扫描电镜(SEM)对层状复合的微观结构进行了观察,讨论了层状复合的增韧机制和ZrO₂诱发微裂纹的机理,同时观察到层状复合断裂的典型特征为台阶状断裂。     

Study on thermal expansion behavior of Dy2O3 - Al2O3 - SiO2 glass

Employing Dy2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 as starting materials, several series of Dy2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 sealing glass were prepared. The relationship between their coefficients of thermal expansion and the contents of Dy2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 were studied respectively. Experimental results showed that Dy2O3 and Al2O3 had a positive effect on the coefficient of thermal expansion of glass, whereas, SiO2 had a negative effect. The coefficient of thermal expansion of glass showed an apparent linear relation to the contents of these three raw materials, from which an estimation model was built, to calculate the coefficient of thermal expansion of sealing glass. Relative errors of the calculating results to testing results were no more than 2%, which suggested that the estimation model was reasonable. This study provides a good theory reference for the practical utilizing of this sealing material, through which a proper glass composition for good sealing could be easily found.     

Fe2O3添加剂对锆酸钙陶瓷烧结性能的影响

以分析纯Ca(OH)₂和m-ZrO₂为原料, 按物质的量1:1进行配料, 添加不同质量分数Fe₂O₃粉末作为添加剂, 经充分混合后压制成?20 mm×20 mm圆柱试样, 再经1600℃保温3 h煅烧制备得到锆酸钙陶瓷试样(CaZrO₃)。利用显气孔体密测定仪、X射线衍射仪及扫描电子显微镜分析Fe₂O₃粉末添加剂对CaZrO₃陶瓷材料烧结性能、物相组成及微观结构的影响。结果表明:当没有添加Fe₂O₃粉末时, 试样烧结前后线变化率为12.72%, 体积密度为3.92g·cm-3, 显气孔率为14.9%, CaZrO₃晶粒尺寸为4.22μm; 当加入质量分数0.75%Fe₂O₃粉末时, 试样烧结前后线变化率为17.20%, 体积密度为4.68 g·cm-3, 显气孔率为6.8%, CaZrO₃晶粒尺寸为5.21μm。     

Al2O3-V2O5体系的热力学优化

在对Al₂O₃-V₂O₅体系相图、热力学数据以及晶体结构数据进行综述与评估的基础上,采用相图计算方法对Al₂O₃-V₂O₅体系进行热力学优化.液相采用修正的似化学模型进行描述,利用对近似处理液相中存在的短程有序.将液相模型的最大短程有序设置在AlVO₄处,将VO₄3-当作液相中V₂O₅的基本组成单元.体系中AlVO₄相看作线性化合物.计算结果很好的重现了选定的实验数据,获得了一套合理、可靠、自洽的模型参数用来描述体系中各相的热力学性质,为Al₂O₃负载V₂O₅型催化剂催化性能的提高打下坚实的基础.      

Synthesis of Al2O3/TiCN-0.2%Y2O3 Composite by Hot Pressing

Al2O3/TiCN composites were synthesized by hot pressing.The influences of components and HP temperature on mechanical properties,such as bending strength,breaking tenacity and Vickers hardness were investigated.The results showed that the mechanical properties of Al2O3/TiCN composite increased with temperature when hot pressing temperature is below 1650 ℃.The mechanical properties reached their maximums when the composites were sintered at 1650 ℃ for 30 min under hot pressing pressure of 35 MPa,the value of bending strength,breaking tenacity and Vickers hardness was 1015 MPa,6.89 MPa·m1/2,and 20.82 MPa,respectively.When hot pressing temperature was above 1650 ℃,density decreased because of decomposition with increased temperature,and mechanical properties dropped because of rapid growth of grains in size at high temperature.Microstructure analysis showed that the addition of Y2O3 led to the formation of YAG phase so as to inhibit the growth of crystals.This helped to improve breaking tenacity of the composites.TiCN particles with diameters of 1 μm dispersed at Al2O3 grain boundaries,inhibited grain growth and enhanced mechanical properties of the composites.SEM study of the propagation of indentation cracks showed that the bridge linking behavior between matrix and strengthening phase might lead to the formation of the coexisted field of crack deflection,branching and bridge linking.The mechanism of this phenomenon was that the addition of Y2O3 improved the dispersion of TiCN particles so as to enhance the tenacity of the composites.The breaking tenacity was changed from 5.94 to 6.89 MPa·m1/2.     

掺杂氧化铝对纳米钨粉烧结过程的影响

以碳热预还原和氢气深还原两步制备的纳米钨粉作为烧结原料,即先通过碳黑还原脱除三氧化钨中的大部分氧,再以氢还原脱除残留的氧。该方法制备的钨粉颗粒呈球形形貌,平均晶粒度可达90 nm。同时,向钨粉中掺杂质量分数为1%和2%的氧化铝,探究了氧化铝对钨粉烧结行为的影响。通过烧结样品的断口形貌和晶粒的平均尺寸分析发现,氧化铝对烧结后期的晶粒长大有明显的抑制作用,相同的烧结温度下晶粒的尺寸随着氧化铝含量的上升而减小。在1600 ℃时,纯钨粉烧结坯的晶粒平均尺寸为2.75 μm,但添加质量分数为1%和2%氧化铝的烧结样品晶粒平均尺寸约为1.5 μm,这是由于氧化铝能有效地抑制烧结后期的钨粉晶粒长大。纯钨粉和掺杂氧化铝钨粉的烧结坯的硬度随温度升高具有不同的趋势。掺杂钨粉烧结坯的硬度随着温度的升高而升高,且其最大值高于800 HV。但是,纯钨粉烧结坯的硬度随烧结温度增加而先增加后降低,在1400 ℃时取得最大值（473.6 HV）,这是由纯钨粉烧结坯的晶粒在高温下急剧长大所导致。在烧结温度为1600 ℃时,纯钨粉、掺杂质量分数1%和2%的氧化铝掺杂的钨粉的烧结坯的相对密度依次为98.52%、95.43%和93.5%。      

CeO2添加剂对Cr2O3涂层组织和抗热震性的影响

本文在Cr