水热法制备氧化锌纳米棒

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O,Zn,CTAB(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)和N2 H4·H2O等为原料,采用水热法和改进的水热法,在180℃制备了氧化锌(ZnO)纳米棒束及纳米棒阵列薄膜.用XRD,SEM,FE-SEM及HR-TEM对样品进行了表征.具有六方纤锌矿结构的ZnO纳米棒直径在40～80nm左右.以负离子配位多面体生长基元理论讨论了ZnO晶体的生长过程及反应条件对ZnO形貌的影响.样品光致发光谱测试结果表明,纳米棒束、阵列具有强的紫紫外光发射峰和不同强度的蓝绿光发射峰.     

ZnO纳米棒水热法制备及其发光特性研究

采用氢氧化钾(KOH)和二水醋酸锌(Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O)配制不同浓度的反应溶液,反应过程中加入表面活性剂聚乙二醇(HO(CH2CH2O)13H),在80℃水热反应条件下制备出了优异的ZnO纳米材料。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、荧光光谱仪等测试方法研究了样品的成分、表面形貌和微结构。SEM研究结果显示:样品沿c轴择优生长,径粒分布均匀,长径比高,为六方纤锌矿结构的ZnO纳米棒和菊花状ZnO纳米棒。光致发光谱性能分析显示样品在392 nm附近具有很强的紫外光发射能力,随着反应物浓度的增加,紫外峰发生约3 nm的蓝移,同时,样品还在绿光535 nm附近有较弱的光致发光现象。以上结果表明所制备的ZnO纳米材料具有优异的紫外光发射能力。     

生长时间对氧化锌纳米棒发光性能的影响

为了研究氧化锌纳米棒的生长机理,先用脉冲激光沉积方法在玻璃衬底上制备一层氧化锌薄膜作为种子层,然后用水热法在种子层上生长氧化锌纳米棒,研究了不同反应时间对其结构、形貌及发光特性的影响。利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜测定样品的结构和形貌,用自组建的光致发光系统对样品的光致发光光谱进行了测量。结果表明,氧化锌纳米棒沿c轴高度取向并呈六角纤锌矿结构;随着生长时间的增加,氧化锌纳米棒结晶质量明显改善,纳米棒均匀、致密性和取向性均提高,样品的缺陷发光增强而激子发光减弱。     

ZAO基底水热法制备ZnO纳米阵列及其形貌特征

采用水热法,在ZAO透明导电薄膜衬底上制备了不同形貌的ZnO纳米阵列.用SEM、紫外可见光分光光度计、四探针测试仪等测试手段对ZnO纳米阵列的形貌结构和物理特性进行了表征和测试.结果表明,不添加任何催化剂,0.075 M的乙酸锌水溶液中,90℃水温时可生长出形状规则的氧化锌纳米棒;相同的温度下,等摩尔浓度(0.05 M)的乙酸锌和六亚甲基四胺水溶液中,可生长出氧化锌纳米片阵列.光电性能测试表明所制备的ZAO/氧化锌纳米阵列具有良好的光透过性和导电性.     

ZnO纳米棒的图形化生长及其场发射特性

介绍了用氢离子注入技术和阳极腐蚀方法在硼掺杂p-(100)型硅晶片上制备图形化的纳米硅(SiNC)薄膜工艺,并在这种图形化衬底上成功生长了图形化的ZnO纳米棒.场发射测试表明制备的ZnO纳米棒具有良好的场发射性能,即具有较低的开启电场和阈值电场,较高的发射点密度.     

水浴法制备形貌可控的一维ZnO纳米和微米棒

用一步或两步简单的化学溶液法,以醋酸锌为原料,六亚甲基四胺或三乙醇胺为催化剂在玻璃衬底上生长出不同形貌的纳米和微米ZnO棒.探讨了反应液的酸碱度和反应液浓度对生成的ZnO棒形貌的影响,并分析了其生长机制.随着溶液浓度的增加,棒的长度与直径比减小,同时玻璃衬底上生长的ZnO棒从无序分布趋于垂直于衬底平行取向分布.随着pH值的改变,棒的形状由在弱酸性溶液中的细长棒状变为在弱碱性溶液中的圆头对称短棒;当碱性增大到一定程度时,可以生成颗粒状.通过控制一定的酸碱度和溶液浓度,可以得到规则的六角ZnO棒状阵列.测量了样品的XRD和扫描电镜像,并对其发光性能进行了测量分析.其中规则有序六角棒的发光光谱表明峰值在530nm,半高宽为220nm,可能是Vo 的电子和价带中的空穴辐射复合所致.     

锌衬底上直接生长密度可调的氧化锌纳米棒阵列和场发射特性

在锌衬底上制备了取向生长、形貌各异、不同密度的氧化锌纳米棒阵列.研究发现,氧化锌纳米棒在温度低于70℃、适量的碱性溶液、大气压下能够在锌衬底上大规模制备,并且氧化锌纳米棒的直径,在锌衬底上的密度和形貌完全依赖于氢氧化钠和硝酸锌的浓度.场发射测试表明:氧化锌纳米棒阵列开启电场较低(电流密度达1μA/cm2时场强仅为3.8 V/μm),显示了氧化锌纳米棒阵列在场发射方面的潜在应用.     

Near-Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Devices Using Vertical ZnO Nanorod Arrays

Reports on electroluminescence (EL) in solid-state, nanomaterial-based devices emitting in the lower wavelength range of the visible spectrum are limited, and the emission stability of these devices is rarely reported. We have fabricated light-emitting devices (LEDs) based on integration of n-ZnO nanorods and p-GaN films, which emit in the violet to near-ultraviolet (NUV) region. We also present data on the stability of EL in fabricated devices. Vertical arrays on ZnO nanorods, with estimated ZnO nanorod density ~10⁸ cm⁻², were grown on p-GaN films with typical length of ~4 μm and width of ~120 nm. The NUV LEDs show low turn-on voltage (~3.0 V), small reverse saturation current (~10 μA), and more than two orders of magnitude rectification ratio, all of which indicates a good-quality p–n junction at the p-GaN/n-ZnO nanorod interface. The EL spectra of LEDs present an emission band centered at ~403 nm. Gaussian fitting of the EL peak revealed three emission peaks at 378 nm, 405 nm, and 431 nm with dominant emission in the NUV region. Significantly, the fabricated NUV LEDs present stable and repeatable EL characteristics, as revealed by bias-stress stability tests. The good electrical properties and stable EL performance make these nanostructure-based NUV LEDs potential candidates for mass production of next-generation lighting devices.     

Influence of Heat Treatments on the Properties of ZnO Nanorods Prepared by Hydrothermal Synthesis

Semiconductors - ZnO nanorods were grown on bare or SiO2-coated Si wafers by the hydrothermal method. The ZnO nanorods were annealed at 200, 400, and 600°C, respectively. The structural,...     

ZnO纳米棒阵列提高发光二极管光抽取效率的研究

为了提高大功率LED的光抽取效率,采用溶胶-凝胶法、水热生长法的两步生长工艺在大功率红光发光二极管(LEDs)表面制作ZnO纳米棒阵列结构进行研究.利用ZnO纳米棒形成的光波导,ZnO纳米棒侧面为辅助出光面,提高了LED芯片的光输出效率.测试表明,所生长的ZnO纳米棒分布密度均匀,形貌一致;与未制作ZnO纳米棒前相比较...     

氧化锌纳米结构的制备及其生长机理

将利用射频磁控溅射技术在Si(111)衬底上沉积的锌膜进行热氧化后,得到一维ZnO纳米棒.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)研究了ZnO纳米棒的结构及表面形貌.实验结果表明上述ZnO纳米棒具有六角纤锌矿结构.金属Zn从SiO2基质中析出和O2发生反应在薄膜表面形成低维ZnO纳米棒.讨论了退火温度及退火时间对ZnO纳米棒形成的影响,并对其生长机制作了初步的探讨.     

Novel Solid‐State Microbial Sensors Based on ZnO Nanorod Arrays

Gravity and magnetism are implemented to change the morphology of zinc oxide nanorod sensors during synthesis. The effects of gravity and magnetism can translate into future application of these nanorods through cost‐effective, environmentally friendly, and easy‐to‐use biosensor technology with the quickest available sensing. The sensors can pave the way toward detection of both bacteria and fungi present on the surface with high sensitivity. This ability to sense microorganisms in a “non‐solution‐based” environment represents a key step forward in the fields of health and food safety, as well as solid‐state nanomaterial biotechnology applications. Hundreds of thousands of people are affected each year by accidental contamination and current protocols are far from preventative. The results of the magnetic field studies when compared with previous results show that the following factors affect the outcome of applying magnetic field during the growth of nanorods on their morphology: the direction of growth with respect to gravity, the method of seeding, and the substrate.     

基于模板合成法的纳米金柱阵列制备

基于模板合成法,在多孔氧化铝(PAA)模板上用磁控溅射沉积金薄膜,制备出高度有序的纳米金柱阵列结构.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对所加工的金柱阵列结构进行表征.所加工的纳米结构为柱状金纳米阵列,金柱直径约为φ60 nm,金柱尖端直径约φ20 nm,高度为300～600 nm,相邻金柱平均间距约为100 nm.纳米金柱阵列结构与多孔氧化铝模板(PAA)貌一致,阵列分布规则,柱体大小均匀.     

A Comparison of ZnO Nanowires and Nanorods Grown Using MOCVD and Hydrothermal Processes

A comparison of ZnO nanowires (NWs) and nanorods (NRs) grown using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) and hydrothermal synthesis, respectively, on p-Si (100), GaN/sapphire, and SiO₂ substrates is reported. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images reveal that ZnO NWs grown using MOCVD had diameters varying from 20 nm to 150 nm and approximate lengths ranging from 0.7 μm to 2 μm. The NWs exhibited clean termination/tips in the absence of any secondary nucleation. The NRs grown using the hydrothermal method had diameters varying between 200 nm and 350 nm with approximate lengths between 0.7 μm and 1 μm. However, the NRs grown on p-Si overlapped with each other and showed secondary nucleation. x-Ray diffraction (XRD) of (0002)-oriented ZnO NWs grown on GaN using MOCVD demonstrated a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 0.0498 (θ) compared with 0.052 (θ) for ZnO NRs grown on similar substrates using hydrothermal synthesis, showing better crystal quality. Similar crystal quality was observed for NWs grown on p-Si and SiO₂ substrates. Photoluminescence (PL) of the NWs grown on p-Si and SiO₂ showed a single absorption peak attributed to exciton–exciton recombination. ZnO NWs grown on GaN/sapphire had defects associated with oxygen interstitials and oxygen vacancies.     

ZnO Nanorod Arrays as Electron Injection Layers for Efficient Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Nanostructured oxide arrays have received significant attention as charge injection and collection electrodes in numerous optoelectronic devices. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods have received particular interest owing to the ease of fabrication using scalable, solution processes with a high degree of control of rod dimension and density. Here, vertical ZnO nanorods as electron injection layers in organic light emitting diodes are implemented for display and lighting purposes. Implementing nanorods into devices with an emissive polymer, poly(9,9‐dioctyluorene‐alt‐benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) and poly(9,9‐di‐n‐octylfluorene‐alt‐N‐(4‐butylphenyl)dipheny‐lamine) (TFB) as an electron blocking layer, brightness and efficiencies up to 8602 cd m^?2 and 1.66 cd A^?1 are achieved. Simple solution processing methodologies combined with postdeposition thermal processing are highlighted to achieve complete wetting of the nanorod arrays with the emissive polymer. The introduction of TFB to minimize charge leakage and nonradiative exciton decay results in dramatic increases to device yields and provides an insight into the operating mechanism of these devices. It is demonstrated that the detected emission originates from within the polymer layers with no evidence of ZnO band edge or defect emission. The work represents a significant development for the ongoing implementation of ZnO nanorod arrays into efficient light emitting devices.