Graft polymerization of acrylonitrile on acetate yarn under the action of gamma radiation

Conclusions The graft polymerization of acrylonitrile from the vapor phase on acetate yarn under the action of -radiation has been studied. Conditions have been discovered for the preparation of modified acetate yarns with a degree of acrylonitrile grafting from 1.5 to 68.0 by wt.The possibility of increasing the resistance of acetate yarns to abrasion no less than 15-fold, with a simultaneous increase in breaking strength and retention of resistance to double bends, has been demonstrated.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 25–27, January–February, 1988.     

Change in mechanical properties and structure of triacetate yarns under the action of vapors from active media

Conclusions The effect of vapors from solvents, such as acetone and ethyl alcohol, on the structure and properties of triacetate yarn has been investigated.Optimum conditions have been determined for the treatment of triacetate yarns with solvent vapors, with the objective of improving their physicomechanical characteristics.It has been found that orientation processes take place in triacetate fibres and yarns under the influence of vapors from certain organic solvents.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 38–39, September–October, 1989.     

Properties of yarns spun from a cellulose triacetate melt

Conclusions The physicochemical and physicomechanical properties of yarns spun from a cellulose triacetate melt have been studied.It has been shown that in physicomechanical properties CTA yarns spun from the melt are identical to yarns spun by the dry method.It has been found that the lower sorptive power and lower shrinkage of yarns from the melt are connected with the special features of their spinning.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 23–25, September–October, 1984.     

Normalization of specific electrical resistance characteristic of complex acetate yarns

Conclusions It has been shown that, regardless of the type of lubricant or its content on acetate textile yarn, an essentially identical decrease in specific electrical resistance is observed.The specific electrical resistance of acetate yarns which have been treated with lubricants lies in a range which ensures normal processing of such yarns into textile articles.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 20–21, November–December, 1989.     

Properties of acetate yarns having an increased content of elementary filaments

Conclusions A process has been developed for preparing 11/32 and 16.6/38 tex complex acetate yarns. Thereupon the yarn strength is increased by a factor of 1.2, and the resistance to repeated bending by a factor of 1.2–1.4.Processing acetate yarns having an increased content of elementary filaments in the complex yarn in textile industry plants has given good results.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 27–28, August–July, 1989.     

Effect of the degree of polymerization of cellulose triacetate on the physicomechanical properties of yarns

Conclusions The dependence of the relative breaking load and elongation at break of cellulose triacetate yarns and the resistance to abrasion and to repeated bending on specific viscosity of the polymer have been investigated.On increase in specific viscosity from 0.32 to 0.41, the fibre strength rises from 9 to 11.4 cN/tex; the resistance to bending, from 1200 to 2000 cycles; the resistance to abrasion, from 1000 to 8000 cycles. The elongation at break and resistance to repeated stretching change but little with increase in specific viscosity.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 46–47, May–June, 1985.     

Preparation of combined triacetate-polyamide yarns during the spinning process

Conclusions A technological process has been developed for the preparation of triacetate-polyamide pneumatically connected yarn on a machine for spinning triacetate yarn.Triacetate-polyamide pneumatically connected yarns have been processed into silk-like dress fabrics and tricotage cloth. The ease of yarn passage in textile processing, and also on warping and knitting equipment, is good. The development has been adopted for industrial development.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 22–24, July–August, 1986.     

Advisability of establishing norms for the specific electrical resistance of viscose textile yarns

Conclusions It has been shown that the form of preparation and the amount of it on viscose yarn do not exert an important effect on its specific surface electrical resistance.The specific surface electrical resistance of viscose yarns is considerably below the limiting level of electrical resistance value which ensures normal processing of textile yarns.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 39–40, March–April, 1986.     

Orientation processes in acetate yarns under the influence of certain solvent vapors

Conclusions Treatment of acetate yarns with vapors from solvents which form a liquid-crystal phase with the polymer leads to initiation of orientation processes which are accompanied by spontaneous yarn elongation. This makes it possible to prepare yarns of low linear density and with improved physicomechanical properties.It has been found that the action of vapor from nitromethane, which forms a lyotropic, liquid-crystal phase in cellulose acetates, takes place in several stages.A mechanism has been proposed for the interaction of the polymer with vapor from a solvent which forms a liquid-crystal phase with it.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 13–15, March–April, 1989.     

Concentrated polymer emulsion based on cellulose triacetate and polycarbonate

Conclusions The cellulose triacetate-polycarbonate emulsion polymer system has been investigated.It has been found that CTA-PC solutions are less structured systems and are characterized by lower values of effective viscosity and apparent activation energy of viscous flow as compared with CTA solutions, which affords the possibility of raising the concentration of a spinning solution to 21% by wt.It has been shown that the physicomechanical properties of fibres and yarns have a tendency to become increased, thereupon the resistance to abrasion rises 2.5-fold.The CTA-PC polymer emulsion presents interest from the point of view of developing a method for the preparation of dull yarns.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 45–47, September–October, 1988.     

Test of the KÉ-250-ShS machine for twisting acetate yarn

Conclusions An attempt has been made to use the KÉ-250-ShS machine for twisting acetate yarns.It has been found that in developing a new twisting machine it is advisable to use a checkerboard disposition of the spindles in its lower part with the objective of reducing the noise level, and also to use pedal braking to stop the spindles. This helps increase the productivity of twister labor, and mechanization and automation of operations associated with transfer in removing packages of weight not less than 3 kg.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 40–41, November–December, 1985.     

Treatment conditions and molecular structure of unoriented polyamide yarns

Conclusions The effect of conditions of conditioning freshly-spun undrawn polyamide yarns on their molecular structure and degree of molecular orientation has been investigated.It has been found that under definite conditioning conditions it is possible to obtain absolutely unoriented yarns.A relaxation mechanism has been proposed for the change in degree of molecular orientation of polyamide yarns.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 30–32, September–October, 1987.     

Spandex yarns having reduced combustibility

Conclusions The possibility of preparing Spandex yarns with reduced combustibility by use of halogenated organic acids has been demonstrated.It has been shown that tetrachlorophthalic acid is the most effective for fire-protection of Spandex yarns.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 37–38, March–April, 1990.     

Rate of propagation and of damping of ultrasound in polycaproamide fibres of elastics

Conclusions The change in propagation rate and in damping of ultrasound in elastic polycaproamide yarns has been studied. It has been found that the change in these figures is determined by the same mechanism as in yarns from the press chamber method of preparation.A region of high values of the damping coefficient (25–33) has been found for elastic yarns.Texturizing yarns by the false twist method exerts a more intense action on the polymer than the compression and bending deformation in chamber pressing.The dependence between the rate of propagation of ultrasonic waves and the damping coefficient for elastic yarns reflects the effect of molecular orientation in the polymer itself and the geometric orientation of sections of the crimp relative to the sonication direction.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 46–48, May–June, 1984.     

Device for infrared heating of moving synthetic yarns

Conclusions As a result of these studies, the types of yarns for which IR heating is more promising as compared with heating methods have been determined.The mechanism of interaction of IR radiation energy with the yarn system has been studied.Basic constructional elements of IR devices of the vertical and horizontal types have been determined.Results have been given from studies of various yarns in the IR and contact methods of heating.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 35–37, November–December, 1989.     

Effect of spinning conditions on the properties of profiled yarns prepared by the aerodynamic method

Conclusions The effect of spinning conditions on the physicomechanical properties of freshly-spun profiled yarns prepared from polymer melts by the aerodynamic method has been investigated.Physicomechanical properties of profiled and round yarns have been compared.It has been found that the strength of profiled yarns of three-sided, four-sided, or six-sided cross-section is attained at the least stresses. This guarantess more stable spinning and stretching conditions as compared with yarns having other forms of profile.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 36–38, November–December, 1985.     

Technological features of the manufacture and textile processing of acetate yarns having enhanced compactness

Conclusions The technological features of the manufacture of pneumatically connected twisted (80 twists/m) yarns and possibilities of their textile processing have been examined.It has been shown that yarns with the structure obtained can be used in weaving instead of twisted yarns with a twist of 136 twists/m.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 35–37, July–August, 1986.     

Yarn spinning stability from a cellulose triacetate melt

Conclusions In spinning yarns from a cellulose triacetate melt on a unit with a heatable spinneret, it is possible to calculate spinning parameters which ensure obtaining a yarn having a low degree of nonuniformity, both with respect to linear density and also in physicomechanical properties.The smaller the diameter of the spinneret holes, the greater the uniformity and the higher the physicomechanical properties of the yarn.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 29–30, November–December, 1985.     

Increasing the stability of the antimicrobial properties of filled viscose yarns on washing

Conclusions The possibility of raising the resistance of the antimicrobial properties of viscose antimicrobial yarns to aqueous treatments has been investigated.It has been found that treatment of freshly spun viscose antimicrobial yarn with methylol compounds makes it possible to increase the stability of the antimicrobial effect.Deceased.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, p. 36, January–February, 1986.     

Effect of spinneret hole diameter on the spinning and properties of acetate fibre

Conclusions The effect of the number and diameter of spinneret holes on hole clogging and the properties of acetate yarns has been investigated under manufacturing conditions.On reducing spinneret hole diameter and increasing the number of holes, the strength and fatigue properties are raised, but the elongation of acetate yarn is reduced.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 29–30, January–February, 1986.