煤气系统填料洗涤塔

本实用新型涉及一种煤气系统填料洗涤塔，洗涤塔上部的侧壁上设有迷宫式捕雾器，迷宫式捕雾器下方的洗涤塔内安装有槽盘式液体分布器，槽盘式液体分布器下方安装有槽盘式液体再分布器，槽盘式液体分布器与槽盘式液体再分布器之间填充填料。槽盘式液体分布器的上部设有主槽，主槽底端设有方形分配孔，主槽下端与分配盘连接，分配盘底端设有液体分布孔；分配盘内设有锥形稳流板，锥形稳流板通过两个连接板焊接固定在主槽底端；槽盘式液体分布器安置在填料上表面50—300mm处。     

填料塔液体分布器浅析

介绍了液体分布器与填料塔效率的关系及初始液体分布质量的评定，提出了重力型液体分布器安装水平度的确定方法。     

虹吸式高弹性液体分布器

运用虹吸作用大幅度提高液体分布器的操作弹性，并推导出虹吸式高弹性液体分布器的极限操作弹性与分布器高度之间的关系。     

结构型槽盘式液体分布器性能研究

针对槽式液体收集再分布装置存在的占塔空间大的缺点,设计制造了一种结构型槽盘式液体分布器,使单套液体收集再分布装置总高降低18.8%,为降低全塔阻力及塔高提供保障。在此基础上,利用FLUENT软件模拟气相通过槽式液体收集再分布装置、传统槽盘式和结构型槽盘式分布器的阻力损失,同时搭建了液体分布器分布性能测试平台,对该结构型分布器进行分布性能测试。结果表明:结构型分布器较传统分布器阻力减小很多,说明其设计的合理性。对该结构型液体分布器的液体分布性能测试结果进行分析评价,表明该分布器分布性能为优,确保塔内液体实现良好的液体分布,且在工业应用中初见成效。     

液体分布器研究进展及新技术

液体分布器是空分膜式主冷凝蒸发器中的关键设备,液体均匀分布是换热器性能的保证。本文综述了目前竖直管降膜蒸发器和空分膜式主冷用液体分布器的研究现状,发现大多液体分布器结构存在无法有效排出蒸汽的不足。在已有液体分布器结构的基础上,提出了一种可以集中排出蒸汽的液体分布器结构形式,上述设计为空分膜式主冷凝蒸发器用液体分布器设计提供了重要参考。     

填料塔中的液体分布器

介绍了液体分布器对于填料塔的重要性及传统液体分布器的分类及其特点,并提出应从液体流动特性和经济角度综合考虑选用液体分布器。     

201－C液体分布器小孔堵塞的处理

２０１－Ｃ液体分布器小孔堵塞的处理雍瑞生，常仲乐（宁夏化工厂，银川，７５００２６）二氧化碳气提塔（２０１－Ｃ）是将来自合成塔（２０１－Ｄ）的合成液，经液体分布器均匀地分布到各换热列管内，成膜状沿管壁流下。液体分布器工作的正常与否直接关系到２０１－Ｃ的...     

现代填料塔技术（二）：液体分布器和再分布器

扼要地说明了液体分布器在填料塔中的重要地位，论述了性能优良的分布器应具备的五个条件，介绍了各种分布器的结构、特点及其使用范围和发展概况，综述了评价分布器质量的四种方法和分布器的选择原则。     

填料塔液体分布器的研究进展

填料塔作为化工单元操作过程中重要的汽液传质设备,因具有传质效率高、整塔压降低、能耗低等优点,已经成为精馏操作中的关键设备。液体分布器是填料塔中重要的塔内件,其结构形式直接关系到液相物料在塔内的分布情况,从而影响填料塔的分离效果。本文系统介绍了液体分布器的发展现状,从自然流分布、径向分布系数等方面详细总结了分布质量对填料塔分离效率的影响;深入分析了国内外关于各种结构类型的液体分布器的理论研究以及设计优化过程;并总结了不同液体分布器分布质量评价方法的适用场景。文章最后对液体分布器的发展进行了展望,为液体分布器的设计与优化提供了思路。     

适用于分批精馏和多用途填料塔的液体分布器

介绍两种适用于分批精馏及多用途填料塔的液体分布器——槽式和双排管式高弹性液体分布器。目前通用型液体分布器的操作弹性一般为4:1,而这种液体分布器,其操作弹性可达10:1左右。本文提出的小孔排量计算方法同样也适用于大型填料塔的液体分布器。     

外部流化床燃烧气化反应器的试验研究

针对循环流化床气化炉普遍存在的飞灰及底渣含碳量高、煤炭利用率低、气化效率不高等问题，研制了外部流化床燃烧气化反应器。通过冷态试验，研究了外部流化床燃烧气化反应器的布风板空板阻力和料层阻力与流化风量的关系，测定了飞灰在反应器内的停留时间，研究了外部流化床燃料气化反应器的输送特性。试验证明外部流化床燃烧气化反应器对于降低循环流化床气化炉飞灰和底含碳量是完全可行的。     

气体分布器的数值模拟与改进设计研究

针时双切向环流式和双列叶片式两种气体分布器,利用计算流体动力学数值方法模拟研究其流场规律,比较两种分布器的多种性能。在此基础上,提出对双列叶片式气体分布器进行改进设计;并模拟结果表明,改进后的气体分布器在均匀度方面有进一步提高。     

Modeling and optimization of flow distribution in multistage pipe distributors

Multistage pipe distributors are generally used in industrial-scale reactors to generate uniform fluid distribution and reduce dead zones at reactor bottom. This study aims to develop an accurate and easy-to-use model for design and optimization of these distributors, integrating the advantages of analytical models and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. For analytical models, the empirical correlations of pressure recovery coefficient and discharge coefficient were systematically evaluated. CFD simulations of single-stage distributors reveal the mechanisms behind flow maldistribution, that is, the relationship between vortex evolution at branch corner and discharge coefficient. A three-phase characteristic for discharge coefficient along flow direction is found with increasing the ratio of branch length to diameter. A generalized discharge coefficient was then proposed to represent an intrinsic approach to optimize flow uniformity. Finally, the analytical model was extended to multistage distributors by a double-convergence solution strategy, and provides guidelines of design and optimization of these complex distributors for process industry.     

螺旋管分离器流场分布及影响规律分析

针对螺旋管分离器介绍了数值模拟模型的选取和基本参数,分别开展了无孔螺旋管和开孔螺旋管的流场模拟。对回转半径和入口流量对流场分布和螺旋管分离器分离性能的影响做了分析。模拟结果表明,螺旋管的回转半径和入口流速是影响分离效果的两个主要因素。另外,螺旋管开孔的孔径尺寸对分离效果也产生一定的影响。在本研究中,当回转半径为500mm、入口速度为0.3m/s时达到理想的分离效果。     

不同截面形状气体分布器的数值模拟

针对100kt/a大型乙烯裂解炉布置的新型急冷废热锅炉气体分布器存在背风面焦炭蓄集严重、弯曲变形大和流场湍流强的问题,利用计算流体力学方法,比较了正方形、圆形和椭圆形截面分布器气体入口流场的气体分布不均匀性、流场湍流强度、分布器应力大小和背风面焦炭蓄集的性能指标。模拟结果表明,除正方形截面分布器弯曲正应力最小外,椭圆形截面分布器气体分布不均匀性、流场湍流强度和背风面上气体流动低速区都较圆形截面分布器的小。     

Design Impact on Airflow Patterns in Fluidization Units

The airflow behavior in a fluidization unit was integrally studied by means of experimental work and computational fluid dynamics simulation. The computational domain included the gas inlet pipe, plenum, perforated plate, fluidization chamber, and air outlet pipe. Different scenarios were simulated to allow distinguishing the best way to represent perforated‐plate distributors and elucidate the impact of the grid design on the fluidization performance. The simulated pressure drop across the distributor and the plenum flow pattern were in concordance with the experimental data. It was found that the distance between the peripheral holes and walls has a great impact on the airflow downstream the distributor.     

Hydrodynamics and design of gas distributor in large-scale amine absorbers using computational fluid dynamics

A gas phase three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to investigate the hydrodynamics of gas distributors used in an amine absorber with a diameter of 3.2 m. A standard gas inlet, tubular injectors with short, medium and long lengths, and a Schoepentoeter were considered as feed systems of the gas distributors. The pressure drop, dead-area ratio and coefficient of distribution at the packing entry were used as the performance indexes of the gas distributors. The down-pipe as a liquid collector exhibited a lower dead-area ratio when compared with that of the down-comer. The tubular gas injector with a short length reduced the dead-area ratio and the gas maldistribution. The Schoepentoeter was associated with the lowest pressure drop, dead-area ratio, and coefficient of distribution among the gas distributors. The uniformity of gas distribution was enhanced by 25% in the Schoepentoeter when compared to that of the tubular gas injector.     

不同构形构造分布器的数值研究

Seven distributors with different configurations are designed and optimized by constructal approach. Their flow distribution performance and energy dissipation are investigated and compared by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The reliability of CFD simulation is verified by experiments on the distributor that has all distributing rectangle channels on a plate. The results show that the symmetry of the distributing channels has decisive influence on the performance of flow distribution. Increasing the generations of channel branching will improve the flow distribution uniformity, but on the other hand increase the energy dissipation. Among all the seven constructal distributors, the distributor that has dichotomy configuration, Y-type junctions and straight intercon-necting channels, is recommended for its better flow distribution performance and less energy dissipation.     

METHODS FOR EFFECTIVE FLUIDIZATION OF PARTICULATE FOOD MATERIALS

Depending on the size and shape of the materials, methods employed to achieve effective fluidization during fluid bed drying varies from use of simple hole distributors for small, light weight materials to special techniques for larger and/or moist materials. This paper reviews common air distributors used in fluidized bed drying of food particulates. Also it reviews special methods of fluidizing larger irregular food particulates.     

并流多通道管壳式换热器壳程流场分布

对一种新型并流多通道进出口结构（MPC）轴流管壳式换热器壳程流场分布与阻力性能进行全面研究,分别研究了管排数、Reynolds数、不同挡板对壳程流场分布、阻力性能的影响,并且采用实验方法对数值模型与方法的正确性进行论证。研究结果表明,在无挡板的情况下,随着管排数的减小,壳程流场分布不均现象得到有效的遏制,压降大幅降低,最大降幅达到70％以上;挡板能够有效促进流场的二次分布,但是同时亦使阻力增大较为显著。