Technology and equipment for the ultrasonic contour welding of components made of ABS plastic

It is shown that a mushroom-shaped waveguide is most suitable for the contour ultrasonic welding of components made of ABS plastics. The optimum shape of the working tip of the contour waveguide resulting in securing of the welded components in relation to the axis of the waveguide on their external contour is determined.     

Effect of edge preparation on the weldability of plastics in ultrasonic welding

The kinetic mechanism of the formation of welded joints with ‘preferential penetration’ and ‘preferential melting’ in ultrasonic welding of plastics is described. It is shown that the preparation of weld edges in ultrasonic welding of rigid plastics increases the welding speed.     

超声探伤技术在摩擦焊接领域的应用

摩擦焊作为一种先进的固相连接方法,因其优异的焊接性能引起了人们的广泛关注,近年来航空航天等高新技术与装备的发展促进了这种焊接方法的不断进步。针对近年来国内外超声无损检测技术在摩擦焊领域中的研究应用作了详细分析阐述,并对未来摩擦焊领域中无损检测方法的应用进行了展望。     

超声波塑料焊接临界温度场分析

采用多场耦合模型对超声波塑料焊接过程中的摩擦热和粘弹热进行了数值计算,并分析了超声振幅对焊接区温度场的影响. 基于计算结果,提出了超声波焊接过程存在临界振幅,当超声振幅低于该临界振幅时,不管焊接时间多长,都不能形成熔融焊接区. 制备了相应的试件并搭建测温系统对焊接过程进行测温试验,试验结果与数值计算结果具有较高一致性,进一步对临界振幅附近的临界温度场进行了分析和探讨. 研究临界温度场,有助于解决超声波塑料焊接过程中温度场难以控制的难题,同时为超声波塑料器件非熔融连接方法奠定基础.     

The arc characteristic of ultrasonic assisted TIG welding

Many applications of ultrasonic-assisted methods were used during metal solidification, but they could not be introduced into weld pool. In this paper, a way of ultrasonic assisted TIG welding is introduced. By directly imposed ultrasonic vibration on welding arc, the vibration interacts with arc plasma and passes to the weld pool. Measurement results show that arc pressure is significantly increased with the ultrasonic vibration and the arc pressure distribution models are changed. Bead-on-plate welding tests on SUS304 confirm that this technology can influence the style of metal melting and increase weld penetration depth.     

铜/铜超声波焊接的相对运动及断面微观演变

采用激光位移传感器对铜/铜超声波焊接过程中的工具头、上铜板及下铜板的振动进行实时测量.依据各部分的相对运动及断面的微观演变对焊接过程进行了分析.结果表明,焊接过程中,焊头振幅变化不大,上铜板振幅先增大后减小再增大,下铜板振幅逐渐增大.上铜板振幅增大阶段,上/下铜板的相对运动使界面产生大量摩擦热,界面形成局部微连接.上铜板振幅减小阶段,焊头与上铜板的相对运动显著增大,促使铜板发生剧烈的塑性变形,焊接界面连接面积迅速增加.最后阶段,上下铜板呈等振幅运动,焊接接头断面出现大量韧窝.     

Selecting the rational type of welded surfaces in ultrasonic welding of plastics

The types of weld edges are classified in dependence on the requirements on completed products. The method of ultrasonic welding of circular components made of polycarbonate using the V-shaped edge preparation with the formation of a strong hermetic-welded joint around the entire contour is described.     

振动焊接技术在大型焊接构件中的应用

在高炉用钢厚板电渣焊中应用振动调制工艺.接头金相组织显示,附加振动后,焊接接头晶粒细化明显.研究三种振动加速度(0,3,6 m/s2)下焊接接头的残余应力和侧弯性能.焊接变形是H型钢焊接时存在的主要问题.采用埋弧振动焊接可明显减小H型钢的焊接变形.结果表明,合理的振动调制工艺可以有效地减小残余应力并改善焊接接头的综合性能,控制变形,保证生产质量.     

基于DSP控制的超声金属焊接电源

为了进一步提高超声金属焊接的可靠性与稳定性,针对现有模拟超声焊接电源频率跟踪性能差、焊接过程振幅不可调的缺陷,文中提出了基于数字信号处理器(DSP)控制的超声电源方案.通过采集压电换能器两端电压、电流相位差,利用增量式PI控制算法实现了焊接过程的频率跟踪;采用脉冲宽度调节的方式实现了焊接过程超声振幅大小的调节.结果表明,采用数字控制的超声电源,实现了焊接过程振幅的连续可调;负载突变时,0.32 ms时间内可以实现频率跟踪过程.     

焊接能量对铝/铜超声波焊接接头显微组织的影响

进行了1 mm厚铝/铜异种金属超声波焊接试验研究,分析了不同焊接能量输入对接头形貌、接合区塑性变形、原子扩散的影响.结果表明,工件在高频振动作用下,连接界面间会发生漩涡状塑性变形,形成局部机械自锁,有助于实现超声波接头的有效连接.焊接能量较小时,结合区域塑性变形量小,局部区域无法形成连接;焊接能量过大时,接合区域会出现空穴.SEM和EDS分析表明,能量过高时(2000 J),接触界面区域会形成薄金属间化合物层,其主要成分为Al₄Cu₉.     

锂电池极片超声波金属焊接机的设计

根据锂电池电极焊接工艺要求,提出了一种基于压电陶瓷纵向振动的机械结构形式,设计了一种全数字化控制的超声波金属焊接机电源系统.该电源系统采用移相PWM数字振幅控制、振幅阶梯输出、可编程的缓启动,自动焊头频率搜索及自动频率跟踪等技术.实际使用证明,该机能快速实现自动频率跟踪、精确振幅控制、完善故障保护.     

激光焊接技术在船舶制造中的发展及应用现状

激光焊接技术作为激光加工技术的研究热点之一,近年来在船舶制造领域的应用引起各国的广泛关注,随着造船工业对节能高效、低碳环保、生产自动化的发展要求逐步提高,激光焊、激光复合焊等新型焊接工艺得到了飞速发展。介绍激光焊接技术在船舶制造领域的发展及应用现状,分析激光复合焊在船用铝合金、防锈铝,船用T型高强钢及不锈钢的焊接优势,提出深入研究激光复合焊接工艺在船用合金材料焊接应用的必要性。     

Transient finite element analysis of ultrasonic welding of PEEK

Finite element method was adopted to investigate the temperature profile during ultrasonic welding of PEEK （polyetheretherketone ）. The comparison of temperature fields was made among the triangular, semicircular and rectangular energy directors. The results show that the highest temperature appears on the sample surfaces in the welding interface. For triangular and semicircular energy directors, the gradient of their temperature fields become larger with welding amplitude increasing, and the temperature decreases along the normal line of surface. The melting point can be rapidly reached before large scale plastic deformation occurs as welding amplitude exceeds 25 μm for triangular energy and 35 μm for semicircular energy director. But for the rectangular energy director, its temperature field is dispersed even under 35μm welding amplitude.     

PVC塑料的超声焊接强度试验研究

采用正交实验方法，对常用的硬聚氯乙烯塑料（PVC）的超声焊接主要工艺参数进行试验研究，提出了针对焊接强度的最佳工艺参数组合。     

焊接机器人技术现状与发展趋势

简要介绍了机器人焊接支柱发展历程,从5个主要方面论述了机器人焊接技术的研究现状,即焊接跟踪技术,焊接机器人与外国设备的协调控制技术,焊接机器人用弧焊电源,仿真技术与机器人用焊接工艺方法,并对焊接机器人技术的未来发展趋势做出了展望,其中智能化技术,虚拟现实技术与控制技术是主要发展方向。     

汽车点焊超声波检测技术发展与趋势

电阻点焊在汽车工业是一种最常用的焊接方式。电阻点焊焊接过程短暂而复杂,焊接过程中熔核的形成不可见,容易出现各种不同类型的焊接缺陷。因此,对点焊接头进行监测和检测是非常必要的。点焊无损检测中最重要的手段是超声波检测。首先对汽车车身点焊的质量检测与监测手段进行综述,然后着重论述点焊超声波检测技术、点焊超声波检测系统的分类与产品现状、点焊超声波检测的信号处理方法、成像技术等关键问题,最后总结当前面临的主要难题,并预测未来的发展趋势。     

铝合金超声搅拌复合焊接

铝合金的搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）通常在焊接区形成上高下低”浅漏斗状”的温度场,使焊缝厚度方向的组织性能差异较大．为了得到更好的焊接效果,文中提出超声搅拌复合焊思想,将超声波通过搅拌头导入焊缝纵深处,以改善焊缝组织性能．试验采用2．5mm厚的2219铝合金分别用上述两种方法进行焊接,并对焊缝的微观组织和力学性能进行了分析比较...     

Controlling the composition of welding fume in welding with coated electrodes for special applications

A technology of ultrasound seam welding of polyethylene terephthalate films has been developed and ultrasound welding equipment and waveguides with spherical working ends constructed. The amplitude–frequency characteristics of acoustic systems are analysed. The dependence of the strength of welded joints on frequency, welding pressure, welding speed and the amplitude of ultrasound oscillations is determined.     

On-line measurement of electrical variables of the transducer during ultrasonic welding and cutting

A measurement system for high power electrical variables with ultrasonic frequency was established. It can measure the effective values of the voltage and the current, the active power, the phase difference of voltage and current, the frequency of the transducer during ultrasonic welding and cutting. In sampling circuits of the system, the measured current is sensed by using a no-capacitance and no-inductance precision resistor and is treated with a difference amplifier, the measured voltage is processed by using a proportional amplifier. For achieving good amplitude-frequency characteristics and rapid measurement of high frequency signals, the resistors, capacitors and amplifiers used in the system are rationally selected. Calibrating experiments show that relative errors are less than 1% for voltage and current effective values and less than 2.5% for active power, and absolute errors are ±1 Hz for frequency and ±1.7°for phase difference of voltage and current in the range of 17～23 kHz.     

未来十年长输管道焊接技术展望

介绍国内外长输管道正在或将要开展的前沿焊接技术研究进展情况及其各自的特点,展望未来十年自保护药芯焊丝自动焊、双丝自动焊接、激光/电弧复合自动焊、多焊炬自动焊外焊、管道视觉焊接系统、搅拌摩擦焊接、等离子焊接、带外对口器功能的焊接等技术的发展前景,旨在为广大从事长输管道施工的技术人员和管理人员提供更为高效、高质量的焊接技术信息,同时为国内科研院所或相关研究机构结合自身特点和工程实际需求开展长输管道前沿焊接技术研究提供技术参考。