基于成像式照度测量的菲涅尔光学助降系统设计

为了解决菲涅尔光学助降系统的检测问题,提出了一种基于成像式照度探测法的菲涅尔灯发光强度测量方案,并研制了成像式照度探测装置。试验结果表明该装置可远距离对大口径、大发光角度的菲涅尔灯进行发光强度的探测,满足菲涅尔光学助降系统检测装置测量的要求。     

太阳能电站用的菲涅尔反光镜

太阳能电站均依赖大型抛物面反光镜聚焦阳光于中央吸热管，借助其中装有的油、通过热交换器产生蒸气来推动涡轮机发电。但是，从成本角度分析，菲涅尔反光镜造价更低。以菲涅尔反光镜代替抛物面反光镜的试验，正由德国方和菲研究所在西班牙进行试验。在新的方案中，平面镜排列成行，借助于一个小的辅助镜将阳光聚焦于直线铺设的管道。管道中的水在高压下被加热直接汽化，温度达到450℃。如果这种直线排布的菲涅尔反光镜试验成功，将被用于商业太阳能电站的制造。     

利用菲涅尔波带法计算三维全息

根据全息理论,从点光源菲涅尔全息图的计算出发,提出一种利用主菲涅尔波带计算三维物体菲涅尔全息图的方法。通过读取 3DS 文件直接获得三维物体表面各点的空间位置信息,模仿物理全息计算出点的菲涅尔图,将组成三维物体的各点的菲涅尔波带叠加从而获得三维物体的全息图。该方法区别于用菲涅尔衍射公式的传统全息计算,用加法运算代替指数、乘除运算,从而大大加快了计算输出全息图的速度,且具有信息连续、无冗余信息等特点。实验对由 1060 个采样点组成的物体进行全息计算,生成一幅 1024×768 的全息图,所需时间为 83s。     

菲涅尔型阵列光纤准直器的研究

菲涅尔透镜列阵，具有易阵列化的优点，设计中心波长相同的透镜列阵和中心波长不同的透镜列阵，并对由此列阵构成的准直器的光束耦合特征进行分析和计算，与通用的准直器的相关参数进行比较，表明菲涅尔透镜列阵在光束准直耦合中具有较高的耦合效率，可以用于制作阵列光纤准直器。     

原子层厚度菲涅尔波带片及其宽谱聚焦特性

基于菲涅尔波带片构型的平面衍射透镜在现代光学系统中发挥着重要的作用,是高端光学成像系统等应用的关键元器件之一.现有菲涅尔波带片结构多基于金属薄膜或高折射率电介质材料来制备,难以满足集成光电子系统可集成化的核心需求.本文提出一种基于原子层厚度二维材料的菲涅尔波带片结构,基于损耗辅助的相位调控机制,在原子层厚度的MoS2二...     

光纤传感式材料折射仪

本文介绍了一种基于菲涅尔公式和光纤技术研制的新型宝石折射仪。     

微透镜列阵衍射效应所致的串扰

本文分析了微透镜列阵衍射效应的影响因素,推导出了微透镜焦平面上光强分布的解析表达式,对菲涅尔数评价衍射效应的物理含义给予了合理的解释.并利用ZEMAX软件对微透镜列阵进行仿真,基于惠更斯子波直接积分的算法计算得到了微透镜列阵焦平面上的光场强度分布.通过比较不同条件下所得到的计算结果,验证了以菲涅尔数作为微透镜列阵衍射效应评价依据的的合理性,同时验证了以菲涅尔数判断焦斑间串扰的可行性.     

日清MG8000闪光灯9月28日正式上市

日清日本公司宣布,可连续闪光1000次的MG8000闪光灯于9月28日正式在日本上市。 该闪光灯使用高耐热菲涅尔透镜,内部采用石英放电管,使得该闪光灯拥有很高的耐热、耐久性能。其最大优势在于可以连续闪光1000次,其中前200次可以间隔3s拍摄,后续则可采用5～7s间隔拍摄。     

大孔径线列阵的近场指向性和聚焦声场

本文分析线列阵在菲涅尔近场区的指向性特性,指出它的异常变化;讨论改善近场指向性的办法,即聚焦问题。在近场某点进行聚焦,补偿二次曲面的相位,能在该焦点获得与远场指向性完全相同的图案,但对于偏离焦点的距离,仍会出现类似菲涅尔近场的畸变指向性。     

国际资讯

近日，肖特集团刚刚签发了第100万份FIOLAX玻管证书。这些证书可帮助各个医药企业识别出，由该批次玻管加工出的医药包装产品如西林瓶或注射器的原材料玻管的产品信息。此外，颇尔公司（Pall Corporation）日前宣布与ATMI公司达成收购协议，以1．85亿美元收购其生命科学业务。ATMI生命科学是一次性生物工艺系统领域的技术领导者，更是医药及生物医药消耗品领域的行业翘楚。     

The strength of annealed, heat-strengthened and fully tempered float glass

In the last two decades architectural glass has made an enormous leap from a secondary material to a material that combines structural and cladding roles. The structural role is a new and problematic one. In contrast to most other engineering materials the strength of glass is not a material parameter but a parameter dependent on processing quality and damage to the glass surface. There is also no real agreement on how strong glass is. There is a concept Euronorm for structural glass that has values for the characteristic strength for annealed, heat-strengthened, fully tempered and chemically toughened glass. There is however no real agreement on the validity of these values for design of glass beams or columns. To provide an independent set of values a statistically significant series of four-point bending tests on glass were conducted using both lying and standing positions resulting in a set of values for the characteristic strength.     

硼硅酸盐浮法玻璃的抛光温度

浮法工艺的优点之一是可以获得极佳的玻璃表面质量,硼硅酸盐浮法玻璃是近年来的研究热点。本文采用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了温度和时间对硼硅酸盐玻璃浮法成形过程中抛光阶段的影响。研究结果表明:高温抛光过程中时间不是限制玻璃表面抛光质量的决定因素,温度是决定抛光质量的关键。硼硅酸盐浮法玻璃在大于1250℃以上的温度可以快速达到良好的抛光效果。     

Augmenting a Waste Glass Mixture Experiment Study with Additional Glass Components and Experimental Runs

A glass composition variation study (CVS) for high-level waste (HLW) stored in Idaho is being statistically designed and performed in phases over several years. The purpose of the CVS is to investigate and model how HLW-glass properties depend on glass composition. The resulting glass property-composition models will be used to develop desirable glass formulations and for other purposes.

Phases 1 and 2 of the CVS have been completed and are briefly described. This paper focuses on the CVS Phase 3 experimental design, which was chosen to augment the Phase 1 and 2 data with additional data points, as well as to account for additional glass components not studied in Phases 1 and/or 2. In total, 16 glass components were varied in the Phase 3 experimental design. The paper describes how these Phase 3 experimental design augmentation challenges were addressed using the previous data, preliminary property-composition models, and statistical mixture experiment and optimal experimental design methods and software. The resulting Phase 3 experimental design of 30 simulated HLW glasses is presented and discussed.     

Microstructuring of UV-transparent functionalised films on glass by excimer laser irradiation

KrF excimer laser irradiation was used to remove organic moieties from UV-transparent films of organosilanes on borosilicate glass. High-resolution patterns with different functional groups on glass were obtained by a combination of laser modification and silanisation steps. The local material modification near the ablation threshold of glass was investigated by white light interference microscopy. Change in chemical properties of irradiated surface areas were studied by fluorescence microscopy after an appropriate dying of exposed samples. From the results, the domination of thermo-chemical effects induced by the laser irradiation is derived. Finally, an example is given how the patterned organosilane films can be applied to influence cell growth on glass.     

Adhesion of glassy arsenic sulfide to quartz glass

Adhesion between As₂S₃ glass and quartz glass has been studied by a uniform pull-off method. The pull-off stress for the adhesion of glassy As₂S₃ to quartz glass has been determined as a function of temperature in the temperature range 110–190°C. The results demonstrate that, in the case of As₂S₃ glass, the adhesion strength increases exponentially with increasing test temperature and exceeds 2500 kPa at the glass transition temperature. We have studied how the adhesion strength is influenced by the contact temperature and time, tension test temperature, and quartz glass surface roughness.     

The use of XPS for characterisation of glass fibre coatings

We present the results of an investigation of the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as a tool for the rapid characterisation of glass fibre coatings. XPS data have been obtained from a wide range of commercial and experimental glass fibres using three different XPS instruments. By developing a protocol to plot ratios of appropriate atom concentrations, XPS analysis has been shown to give new insights into the in situ nature of the coating on glass. We show how these plots of atom ratios can be used to estimate the surface coverage of the coating on the glass fibres and obtain information on the chemical composition of the coating. Relationships between the XPS data and coated glass fibre parameters are clarified with the aid of a patchy overlayer model. We discuss the use of the XPS Si peak as a glass reference atom in different coverage regimes, and the effect of different XPS detector exit angles. In comparing data from three XPS instruments excellent correlation was obtained after correcting for differences in spectrometer sensitivity factors.     

On the Atomic Anisotropy of Thermal Expansion in Bulk Metallic Glass

Glass transition temperature and plastic yield strength are known to be correlated in metallic glasses. We have observed by in situ synchrotron high energy X‐ray diffraction anisotropy of the thermal expansion behavior in the nearest neighbor and second nearest neighbor atomic distances in the building blocks of Zr? Cu? Ni? Al based bulk metallic glass, leading inevitably to shear. Mechanical yielding of the latter on the atomic scale leads to the glass transition and the increase of the free volume. These experimental results uncover the mechanism, how glass transition and yield strength are linked.     

玻璃成分-结构-性质的“基因结构”模拟法

介绍了一种基于玻璃结构性质而建立的玻璃成分(C)-结构(S)-性能(P)的统计模拟方法。分析了常用的成分-性质(C-P)模拟法的局限性以及结构-性质(S-P)模拟法的特点, 并利用磷酸盐激光钕玻璃化学稳定性改良实验比较了C-P与S-P模型的差异, 表明对于组分微调设计, 结构模拟可以给出更好的模拟结果。叙述了C-S-P模型的建模步骤, 通过模拟案例演示了使用C-S与S-P模型反演玻璃成分的具体过程。除常规性质外, C-S-P模拟法还可以对玻璃的光谱激光性质及化学性质等C-P模型难以准确模拟的性质进行预测和模拟。目的是探索一种对玻璃设计普遍适用的, 可以为新型玻璃的研发和玻璃工业生产提供高效、准确设计的便捷模拟方法。     

熔融纳米玻璃管的拉伸特性

基于纳米孔的纳流体器件被认为是第3代DNA测序的基础,通过拉伸方法制备的玻璃基纳米孔具有更高的结构强度和更长的使用寿命.本文首先建立了纳米玻璃管分子动力学模型,然后通过分子动力学方法研究了熔融纳米玻璃管的拉伸特性,为玻璃基纳米孔的制备提供理论依据.模拟结果首次揭示了5 nm尺度纳米玻璃管拉伸过程的应力应变关系;统计了不同应变率下的纳米玻璃管内、外径的变化规律.结果显示:纳米玻璃管内径在弹性变形阶段收缩较快,塑性变形阶段收缩相对较慢,断裂过程中纳米玻璃管停止收缩,其管径不变.基于上述规律可知,在应变率越低的情况下,弹性变形和塑性变形阶段相对越长,越有利于纳米玻璃管的收缩.最后通过一维拉伸进给系统实验对上述模拟规律进行验证.文章对熔融纳米玻璃管拉伸成型影响因素的分析,对实际加工制造过程具有指导意义.     

Structure and dynamics in glassy and molten silicates

Recent advances have been made in our understanding of the relationship between the atomistic structure of silicate melts and how time-dependent changes in structure are related to transport properties and the rate of change of thermodynamic properties. In situ, element specific experimental techniques, in particular nuclear magnetic resonance, that can probe local structure in liquid and glass have been crucial in relating melt dynamics of glass structure.