滑动轴承合金浇注新工艺研究及应用

阐述了国内传统滑动轴承合金瓦静态挂铸挂铸工艺的弊端。针对在生产中存在的滑动轴承瓦体和合金结合强度不好，从全新角度阐述了一种国内文献尚未有的滑动轴承合金静态挂铸工艺原理，尤其在浇注轴承合金时水冷却方面。从滑动轴承合金凝固、收缩原理以及瓦体和合金之间应力产生的角度分析了瓦体和合金结合情况，并应用于实际，做了大量的实验，提高了超声波探伤（UT）检测合格率，解决了轴承合金与胎体结合面是光面结构的滑动轴承瓦的脱胎问题。     

铝基滑动轴承合金的研究进展

从种类、组织和性能等方面对铝基滑动轴承合金的研究和应用情况进行了综述,介绍了组织细化、添加合金元素、表面改性和双尺度结构调控等提高铝基滑动轴承合金性能的方法;提出新型铝基滑动轴承合金可借鉴高性能合金的新型制备工艺和组织设计,并结合铝基合金轴瓦带材的制备技术来进行设计和制备。     

发动机滑动轴承损伤原因

发动机曲轴、连杆、凸轮轴的轴承多采用滑动轴承（即轴瓦）。滑动轴承由钢背和合金层构成,其中合金层又分为铝基合金和铜基合金。本文主要针对曲轴和连杆滑动轴承损伤原因加以分析。 1.润滑油中混入杂质发动机运转过程中,若有杂质进入润滑油,将造成曲轴和连杆滑动轴承合金层磨损。     

动载荷滑动轴承疲劳强度设计方法的研究

受有冲击和动载的滑动轴承的主要失效形式是轴瓦合金层出现疲劳裂纹破坏．传统的设计方法仅能按材料的ｐ和ｐｖ值作经验概略估算，并只在稳态条件下验算油膜的承载能力，计算的实质并不能解决由动载产生的合金层疲劳失效问题．本文提出了动载荷滑动轴承疲劳强度设计模型和计算方法，使此类轴承能够像其它机械零件一样，按应力条件进行疲劳强度设计，从而能较大地提高内燃机等一类机械设备中的动载荷滑动轴承疲劳强度设计的精度和可靠性．本文还在进口的动载荷滑动轴承试验机上作了大量的国产轴瓦合金层的极限疲劳应力值，填补了这一领域的空白．通过实例验证，本文提出的方法是可行的．     

ZQAL8—2—3无锡耐磨铜合金离心铸造

ZQAl8-2-3无锡耐磨铜合金是一种用来代替ZQSn6-6-3锡青铜制造滑动轴承的新材料。我厂在生产机械压力机上使用,与ZQSn6-6-3合金相比,具有机械强度高,承载能力强,铸造、机加工、耐磨性能优良,合金成     

轴瓦合金表面不同处理方式对滑动轴承性能影响的试验研究

从试验的角度，探讨和分析轴瓦合金在不同的表面处理方式下的摩擦磨损特性以及对滑动轴承性能可能产生的影响。为减少摩擦磨损，提高滑动轴承的使用寿命提供试验依据。     

新型铝基滑动轴承合金的摩擦特性研究

在转速200r／min,载荷为750,1000,1500N和转速400r／min,载荷为300,500,750,1000,1500N下,对比了新型铝基滑动轴承合金（TZS88）和ZQSn6—6—3的摩擦特性。结果表明：TZS88的减摩性、耐磨性优于ZQSn6—6—3,可用于取代ZQSn6—6—3制造滑动轴承。TZS88磨损试样的扫描电镜观察表明：其中的锡均匀分布于工作面上,具有润滑、降低摩擦因数和抗咬合的作用。     

挖掘机曲臂关节滑动轴承油膜压力及合金层应力分布

利用迦辽金法求解滑动轴承油膜压力的分布;以某挖掘机曲臂关节处滑动轴承的工况参数为基础,将载荷转化为油膜压力,以油膜压力为载荷,建立滑动轴承的三维有限元分析模型,得出滑动轴承合金层应力应变的分布.研究结果表明:油膜压力的分布近似正弦分布;滑动轴承应力和应变的分布与油膜压力的分布相似,剪应力的峰值位于滑动轴承合金层与钢背的结合处附近,应变在应力最大时方向发生变化.     

涡旋压缩机滑动轴承间隙参数对效率的影响

涡旋压缩机中滑动轴承的间隙参数与容积效率及机械效率密切相关。本文分析了滑动轴承间隙参数与摩擦功耗、润滑油流量、含油率、容积效率的关系，并给出了合理的滑动轴承间隙参数，使涡旋压缩机效率较高。     

锌基合金在阀门传动件上的应用

锌基合金相对于锡青铜、锰黄铜具有较高的力学性能，显著的耐磨性及优良的机加工工艺性，试验证明，该合金适用于中低速度、高中载荷摩擦副中的滑动轴承，传动螺母及蜗轮，在一定条件下可取代阀门产品中使用的铜制件，本文还介绍了焦炭坩埚炉熔炼工艺及设计中应注意的问题及切屑的回收。     

Parametric study of the dry sliding wear behaviour of AA6082-T6/SiC and AA6082-T6/B<Subscript>4</Subscript>C composites using RSM

In this paper a parametric study of the wear behaviour of Aluminum matrix composites has been carried out. AA6082-T6/SiC and AA6082-T6/B₄C composites were fabricated using stir casting technique. The percentage of reinforcement was taken as 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt.% for both SiC and B₄C particulates. Dry sliding wear tests were conducted using pin-on-disc apparatus at room temperature and process optimization was done using Response surface methodology (RSM). Weight percentage (wt.%) of reinforcement, sliding speed, load and sliding distance were the four process parameters considered to analyse these composites wear behaviour. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that sliding distance exerted the highest contribution (60.24 %) to AA6082-T6/SiC wear, followed by sliding speed (14.28 %), load (11.88 %) and reinforcement content (4.31 %). The same trend was found in AA6082-T6/B₄C composites with slightly different contribution values, namely sliding distance (63.28 %), sliding speed (14.02 %), load (10.10 %) and reinforcement content (4.05 %). RSM analysis revealed that increases in the reinforcement content and sliding speed reduce the wear rate in both composites. On the other hand, increases in load and sliding distance led to higher AA6082-T6/SiC and AA6082-T6/B₄C composites wear. The two predictive models were validated by conducting confirmation tests and certified that the developed wear predictive models are accurate and can be used as predictive tools for wear apllications.     

紫铜/铬青铜摩擦副在干摩擦和水雾条件下的载流摩擦磨损性能研究

在HST-100载流高速摩擦磨损试验机上,对比考察了紫铜/铬青铜摩擦副在干摩擦和水雾2种状态下的载流摩擦磨损性能,采用扫描电镜(SEM)对磨损表面形貌进行了观测。结果表明:水雾条件下销试样载流摩擦磨损时,其摩擦因数及磨损率均低于纯载流状态下;该试样在纯载流条件下的磨损机制主要为粘着磨损和电气磨损,在水雾条件下主要为电弧侵蚀、塑性变形和轻微的粘着磨损。这是因为水有利于降低摩擦副接触表面的温度,有效地抑制了铜的转移,阻止了粘着磨损的发生。水因素的介入也导致了电弧发生频率的增多,但在综合影响下,水可以有效地改善该试样的磨损性能。     

直联压缩机两种不同控制方法的比较研究

建立了空压机的负载数学模型,对其负载进行了分析。建立了永磁同步电机的数学模型,给出了一种用于交流永磁同步电机速度控制的滑模控制器。根据永磁同步电机的控制特点和空压机负载特点进行Simulink仿真,仿真结果表明,加滑模控制器时,电机转速波动较小。最后,对用永磁同步电机驱动直联便携式空压机做实验。实验结果表明,与常规的PI控制策略相比,滑模变结构控制改善了系统的动态性能,有较强的鲁棒性。永磁同步电机驱动空压机效率高,转速波动小。     

Sliding Wear of Ni–17.5Si–29.3Cr Alloy under Water Lubrication

The tribological properties of Ni–17.5Si–29.3Cr alloy against Si₃N₄ under water lubrication conditions were studied on a ball-on-disc reciprocating 1tribotester. The effects of load and sliding speed on tribological properties of the alloy were investigated. The worn surfaces of the alloy were examined with SEM, TEM and an X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). It was found that the tribological properties of the alloy were closely dependent on the sliding conditions. Wear rate with the load of the alloy increased slightly at low and moderate load and increased dramatically at high load. Wear rate with the sliding speed of the alloy increased slightly at low and moderate sliding speed and increased dramatically at high sliding speed, which showed the same trend as that with the load. The friction coefficient increased with the load (especially at high load), and decreased with sliding speed at low sliding speed and increased significantly at high sliding speed. Wear mechanism of the alloy was mainly microploughing and delamination at low and moderate load and transformed to microfracture and delamination at high load.     

Influence of sliding speed on modes of material transfer as steel slides against PVD tool coatings

An intermittent sliding test was used in order to study the formation and build-up of tribofilms during intermittent sliding of PVD coated HSS against case hardening steel (20NiCrMo2). Two cutting tool coatings were tested, TiN and AlCrN, and the influence of sliding speed was evaluated. With moderate speed, two tribofilms were formed separately, one consisting of Mn, Si, Al and O on an intermediate layer of Fe and one consisting of Fe, Mn, Cr and O on an intermediate layer of Cr and Mn. At low sliding speeds an uneven transfer of steel occured while high sliding speeds resulted in thermal softening of the substrate leading to coating failure. AlCrN provided better substrate protection at high speeds than TiN did.     

滑动速度对油润滑表面胶合磨损的影响

在油润滑条件下,钢对钢摩擦副的胶合摩损不仅取决于润滑油膜是否破裂,而且取决于在摩擦表面上化学反应膜的形成情况。本文研究了在油润滑条件下滑动速度对钢摩擦副胶合的影响。在低滑动速度下摩擦表面易于形成反应膜,油膜破裂后并不直接发生胶合。胶合发生在高温、高摩擦系数的恶劣条件下。在高滑动速度下油膜破裂后很容易发生胶合,发生胶合前的表面温度和摩擦系数都比较低。     

Delamination wear of metal injection moulded 316L stainless steel

The wear behavior of metal injection moulded (MIM) stainless steels was studied using a pin-on-disc apparatus under dry sliding conditions. Pin specimens were MIM 316L stainless steel, while disc specimens were wrought 316L stainless steel. At low sliding speeds (0.2–0.6 m/s), the wear rates gradually decreased with increasing sliding speed, but then increased at high sliding speeds (0.6–2 m/s). The adhesive-induced delamination wear dominated at low sliding speeds, while abrasive-induced delamination wear dominated at high sliding speeds. At low sliding speeds, the surface densification occurred on the worn surface of pin specimens, hence no difference was found between the wear resistances of MIM pins containing 2% and 6% porosity. In contrast, the abrasive-induced delamination wear at high sliding speeds was enhanced by porosity; therefore the wear rates of MIM pins containing 6% porosity were higher than those of MIM pins containing 2% porosity.     

Sliding friction and wear of Cu–graphite against 2024, AZ91D and Ti6Al4V at different speeds

Cu–graphite composite fabricated by powder metallurgy art is no longer novel material. However, it might be a versatile self-lubricating material sliding against different metals and alloys. In this connection, understanding towards its tribological behavior and wear mechanism is very important. Sliding tribological behaviors of Cu–graphite composite against different counterparts, specified as 2024 aluminium alloy, AZ91D magnesium alloy, and Ti6Al4V titanium alloy, were investigated over varied sliding speeds at room temperature in air. The friction and wear tests were conducted on a pin-on-disk tribo-meter. Tribological performance of Cu–graphite composite strongly depended on its counterpart materials. Cu–graphite composite could provide friction reduction in sliding against 2024 and Ti6Al4V. Cu–graphite composite was a good self-lubricating material in sliding against AZ91D at low speeds but not at 0.25 and 0.50 m/s. Wear mechanism of Cu–Gr composite was related to the transfer, counter-transfer, mechanical mixing and tribo-oxidation at tribo-interface. Sliding speed had influences on tribo-interface and thereby wear mechanism. Finally, the effects of naturally occurred oxide film and sliding speed were discussed.     

Investigation of Tribological Properties of PI/FEP Laminated Composites Under Dry Sliding, Water- and Oil-Lubricated Conditions

Polyimide/fluorinated ethylene propylene (PI/FEP) laminated composites were fabricated by means of hot-press molding. The friction and wear behavior of high performance PI/FEP laminated composites has been comparatively evaluated under dry sliding, water- and oil-lubricated conditions. The worn surface morphologies of samples under different lubrication conditions were examined by scanning electron microscope and the wear mechanisms were comparatively discussed. As the results, PI/FEP laminated composites sliding against stainless steel under water lubrication registered lower friction coefficients, but higher wear rates than those under dry sliding. The friction coefficients and wear rates of samples under liquid paraffin-lubricated condition were lowest in three sliding conditions. The lateral surface of samples exhibited better wear resistance than parallel surface did under dry sliding.     

Ti6Al4V/WC-Co干摩擦性能研究

利用Optimal SRV高温摩擦磨损试验机,研究干摩擦条件下钛合金(Ti6Al4V)对硬质合金(WC-Co)的摩擦学性能.研究了载荷、温度与滑动速度对摩擦过程的影响,通过磨损区微观形貌表征分析了磨损机理.结果表明:Ti6Al4V与WC-Co的摩擦系数波动剧烈,产生了严重的黏滑摩擦,且随着载荷、温度与滑动速度的增加,黏...