2205双相不锈钢焊接接头裂纹失效机理分析

根据金相分析和断口扫描电镜分析，对2205双相不锈钢焊接接头裂纹进行了分析。结果显示热影响区上裂纹为应力腐蚀开裂。由于焊接的热作用导致焊缝热影响区沿铁素体晶界析出的二次奥氏体和铁素体／奥氏体比例失调，从而造成应力腐蚀开裂。     

用小冲杆试验法评估304L不锈钢的应力腐蚀敏感性

利用小冲杆试验对304L不锈钢进行了应力腐蚀敏感性评估,研究了加载速度和腐蚀介质对评估结果的影响,并对小冲杆试样的断口形貌和显微组织进行了分析。结果表明:最适合304L不锈钢评估的小冲杆应力腐蚀试验介质为1.0mol.L-1 NaCl+0.5mol.L-1 HCl混合溶液,加载速度为3×10-3 mm.min-1;在以上介质中,304L不锈钢小冲杆试样断口以穿晶解理断裂为主,部分为准解理断裂;小冲杆试验法是一种有效的应力腐蚀敏感性评估手段,且具有快速近乎无损等特点。     

304不锈钢在连多硫酸中的应力腐蚀研究

采用慢应变速率拉伸试验(SSRT)、扫描电镜断口分析以及金相显微组织分析等方法对304不锈钢连多硫酸应力腐蚀开裂(PSCC)行为进行了研究。研究结果表明,固溶态和敏化态304不锈钢都具有PSCC敏感性,并且随着连多硫酸浓度的增加,PSCC敏感性也随之增大;304不锈钢在连多硫酸中的应力腐蚀开裂属于沿晶开裂机制;敏化处理及Cl-的加入均会提高304不锈钢PSCC敏感性。     

湿H_2S及Cl~-环境下FV520B不锈钢的应力腐蚀行为研究

采用慢应变速率拉伸试验研究了FV520B马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢在湿H_2S、NaCl及湿H_2S+NaCl腐蚀环境下的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性,并讨论了介质浓度对应力腐蚀行为影响。结果表明:FV520B钢在湿H_2S+NaCl环境中的应力腐蚀敏感性最大,随H_2S浓度升高,FV520B钢抗拉强度和断后延伸率降低,应力腐蚀敏感性增大。FV520B钢在湿H_2S+NaCl腐蚀环境的恒位移加载应力腐蚀试验表明:湿H_2S+NaCl腐蚀介质能够显著降低FV520B钢的断裂韧性,随H_2S浓度升高,应力腐蚀临界应力强度因子KISCC减小;试样断口形貌分析表明,在湿H_2S+NaCl腐蚀介质中SCC试样断口呈准解理形貌,为氢脆型应力腐蚀开裂,Cl-具有一定的诱导促进作用。     

304奥氏体不锈钢在H_2S+Cl~-+CO_2+H_2O环境下的慢应变速率拉伸腐蚀试验研究

通过慢应变速率拉伸腐蚀试验(SSRT),研究了304奥氏体不锈钢在H_2S+Cl-+CO_2+H2O复杂介质环境下的应力腐蚀敏感性,借助扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)分析了断口形貌和腐蚀产物性质。在环境因素中主要考虑了H_2S浓度、Cl-浓度、CO_2浓度这三种介质参数单独或交互作用对材料应力腐蚀敏感性的影响。通过对试验数据进行逐步回归分析,建立了应力腐蚀敏感性指数随介质参数变化的数学模型,同时分析了各介质参数对304奥氏体不锈钢应力腐蚀影响的显著性。     

2205双相不锈钢氢致开裂行为的试验分析与模型预测

开展了2205双相不锈钢(Duplex stainless steel,DSS)氢致开裂(Hydrogen assisted cracking,HAC)行为的研究,考察了组织形态对2205双相不锈钢中氢致裂纹萌生和扩展的影响.结果表明,横向组织中的氢致裂纹扩展的长度比纵向组织中的裂纹更明显,裂纹优先萌生的位置在铁素体相...     

国产锻造态316L不锈钢在高温高压水环境中的应力腐蚀行为研究

在模拟核电一回路的高温高压水环境中,采用慢应变速率拉伸方法,研究不同应变速率下锻造316L不锈钢的应力腐蚀行为,并通过扫描电镜对试样断口形貌进行分析。结果表明,在290℃的高温高压水环境中,随着应变速率的降低,材料的应力腐蚀敏感性逐渐增强。当应变速率为2×10~(-5)s~(-1)时,断口未发现脆性解理特征。应变速率为2×10~(-6)s~(-1)时,在290℃和320℃两种服役温度下,材料都具有一定应力腐蚀开裂倾向,敏感性随温度的升高也略有增强。当应变速率降为1×10~(-6)s~(-1)时,断口边缘呈现明显的脆性解理断裂特征。使用修正的Arrhenius模型来描述锻造316L不锈钢高温高压环境下拉伸时的本构关系,计算出变形激活能Q=213.7 kJ/mol,并得到了其高温拉伸本构方程,由本构方程计算得到的抗拉强度和试验所测值的平均相对误差为0.45%,说明该本构方程能较准确计算出锻造316L不锈钢在不同高温高压条件下的抗拉强度。     

高残余应力下2507双相不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂行为

应用宏观、无损、金相、α相测定、断口、能谱等试验方法,对高残余应力下2507双相不锈钢Cl-应力腐蚀裂纹特征、路径、成因等进行分析。结果表明,双相不锈钢构件只有在特定的条件下(较低的应力水平、较低的温度、含有Cl-的中性溶液中),其突出的抗Cl-应力腐蚀开裂性能才能充分显现。上述条件有一个被突破,特别是高应力下(如厚件大面积堆焊所产生的大范围、高峰值残余应力),即使像2507这样的超级双相不锈钢,其抗应力腐蚀开裂的能力也将严重降低。该项工作对双相不锈钢的应用和结构制造具有一定参考价值。     

三乙基铝管道法兰联接螺栓断裂失效分析

针对三乙基铝管道法兰不锈钢(1Cr18Ni9)联接螺栓的断裂失效,对螺栓进行了化学成分、宏观和微观断口、显微组织等分析.结果表明:螺栓的开裂内因是材质不合格,发生了应力腐蚀,产生应力腐蚀的介质是氯离子.     

纳米改性聚脲涂层/P110钢的应力腐蚀性能实验研究

通过慢应变拉伸试验(Slow Strain Rate Test,简称SSRT)对表面喷涂不同含量纳米Ti O2改性聚脲涂层的钢材研究其在NACE溶液中的应力腐蚀行为,利用SEM微观分析手段对试样断口进行分析。结果表明,不同含量纳米粒子改性涂层的试样的应力腐蚀开裂的敏感性是不同的,喷涂5%的纳米Ti O2改性涂层试样的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性比原始试样低。     

淬硬不锈工具钢高速铣削工艺

结合某种S-136淬硬模具的生产,对S-136淬硬钢高速铣削工艺的刀具选择、冷却方式、进给路线进行了分析.结果表明,对具有大而平底面的模具型腔进行高速铣削时宜采用TiAIN涂层的圆角平头铣刀,使用油雾冷却,进给路线宜采用斜坡切入的圆弧进给方式.     

Drawability of stainless steel sheets

Stainless steels can be classified into two categories, i.e. austenitic and ferritic. These materials are different in crystalline structure: where austenitic stainless steel is face-centered cubic, ferritic stainless steel is body-centered cubic.In general, the quality of stainless steel tends to be assessed by its magnetic properties: it is believed that austentic stainless steel is better than ferritic stainless steel, because it is non-magnetic, but, in fact, the drawability of — magnetic — ferritic stainless steel is somewhat better than that of austenitic stainless steel. Press forming, however, consists of both drawing and stretch forming, and thus in the press forming of stainless steel sheets, it is necessary to have a good knowledge of the metallographic factors governing stretch forming and deep drawing.In this paper, the differences between austenitic and ferritic stainless steel of the metallographic factors which control press forming, are discussed.     

Erosion of 304 stainless steel

Erosion rate measurements and scanning electron microscopy observations were made for the steady state erosion of 304 stainless steel eroded by sharp alumina particles. Both the velocity and the particle size dependence of the erosion rates were similar at all angles of impact between 10° and 90°. Micrographic observations of the steady state erosion surfaces disclosed similar overall features at low and high angles of impact. Results reported in the literature for aluminum tend to confirm these observations. It was concluded that a single erosion mechanism can be operative at all impact angles 7in ductile metals such as stainless steel, rather than a superposition of different mechanisms for the low angle and high angle range. The physical basis for a single mechanism of erosion by sharp particles was discussed.     

不锈钢垫片的磨削加工

介绍了组合砂轮磨削不锈钢垫片时砂轮对加工表面质量和磨削力的影响。     

Precision internal threading of stainless steel

Analysis has shown that vibration cutting is a suitable process for production of internal screw threads in thin stainless steel cylinders. A precision vibration internal threading lathe has been developed. Experiments were carried out with this lathe to investigate the tool life, chip type, accuracy of machined thread etc. The main results obtained by experiments are: (1) the chips formed by this vibration cutting are unoxidized, white-grey, flow type chips; (2) a smooth machined flank is produced which has an iridescent surface; (3) the desired sharp profile of the internal thread can be machined; (4) the relation between tool wear and cutting lengths was investigated; (5) by this process and lathe, it is possible to thread 10 000 pieces per tool. This is a 200-fold extension of tool life, compared with 40–50 pieces in conventional cutting. The vibration internal threading machine has been used in mass production tests, and the above results confirmed on about 500 000 work-pieces.