我国水产加工业现状及展望

本文阐述了改革开放18年来，我国水产加工业所取得的主要成就，并提出了到2000年的发展目标，以及要实现发展目标必须要抓好的主要任务。     

我国水产加工现状及展望

本文阐述了改革开放１８年来，我国水产加工业所取得的主要成就，并提出了到２０００年的发展目标，以及要实现发展目标必须要抓好的主要任务。     

重视三个三角城市群的印刷发展

广东省印刷业已成为集彩色桌面系统、直接制版技术、数字化印刷、多色高效印刷设备、高质系列化印刷材料为一体的高新技术应用产业。总体上看,广东省已初步实现了我国印刷工业到2010年的28字技术发展方针所提出的发展目标。可以充满信心地说,到2010年,广东省印刷业完全可以实现28字方针的发展目标,达到国际先进水平。     

杜邦：以协力创新应对全球最迫切的挑战

日前,杜邦公司再次重申了为帮助实现全球食物保障所设定的努力目标,以及为实现这一目标在中国所进行的投入和承诺。创新、教育和农村社区发展是杜邦设立食物保障目标的三大主要方向。这一目标是杜邦于今年2月在美国率先发布的,设定了截至2020年杜邦在全球范围内为支持消除饥饿所做出的承诺。     

协力创新 杜邦在华发布2020年食物保障目标

2012年3月29日，在中国食品添加剂展览会上．杜邦公司再次重申了为帮助实现全球食物保障所设定的努力目标，以及为实现这一目标在中国所进行的投入和承诺。创新、教育和农村社区发展是杜邦设立食物保障目标的三大主要方向。这一目标是杜邦于今年2月在美国率先发布的．设定了2020年杜邦在全球范围内为支持消除饥饿所作出的承诺。     

以协力创新应对全球饥饿挑战杜邦在华发布2020食物保障目标

2012年3月29日,在上海举行的中国食品添加剂展览会上,杜邦公司再度重申了为帮助实现全球食物保障所设定的努力目标,以及为实现这一目标在中国所进行的投入和承诺。创新、教育和农村社区发展是杜邦设立食物保障目标的三大主要方向。这一目标是杜邦于今年2月在美国率先发布的,设定了截至2020     

关于碳达峰碳中和目标的实现路径探索

2020年9月,习近平主席在第75届联合国大会上提出我国2030年前实现碳达峰、2060年前实现碳中和的发展目标,为我国的发展奠定了基调.但是由于我国人口众多,能源结构复杂,实现碳达峰碳中和具有一定的难度.政府、企业以及社会等多方力量应相结合,协调促进该目标的实现.本文从碳达峰碳中和入手,浅谈其实现路径.     

加快技术创新步伐,走高端纺织发展之路

分析了纺织产业技术的发展趋势和我国纺织科技的差距,回顾了上海纺织控股（集团）公司的技术创新工作,阐述了公司“十一五”期间技术创新工作的发展目标和主要任务,以及为实现这一目标所构建的技术创新体系和保障措施。     

我国非织布工业现状与“九五”及2010年展望

本文简介了我国非只布工业在改革开放十七年中的高速发展，目前行业基本状况及存在问题与国外差距。根据我国八届人大四次会议通过的“九五”计划与２０１０年远景目标，提出了我国非织布工业“九五”发展目标，讨论了实现的可能性，分析了市场需求趋势，提出了发展有关建议，并对２０１０年我国非织布工业发展前景作了预测。     

教学实践实现平等的必要性、可能性和困境分析

让学生体验平等是教学实践所追求的目标之一,论文分析了教学实践实现平等的必要性和可能性,并针对我国教学实践的现状,分析了我国教学实现实现平等的困境及原因。     

A rationale for introducing a subsidiary fishery in tropical reservoirs and lakes to augment inland fish production: case study from Sri Lanka

An extra 30–40 million tonnes of food fish will be required by 2050 to meet the increasing need for a growing population. In the wake of plateauing of the traditional food fish supplies from marine capture fisheries, the gap in the supplies will have to be met from aquaculture and other plausible strategies, including increased inland fish production. The existing fisheries in tropical reservoirs and lakes traditionally tend to target only table-sized fish, often exotics and/or translocated species, using a single type of gear, mostly gill nets. In such fisheries, many small indigenous species (SIS) are unexploited due to the prohibition of the use of suitable fishing gear. The status of fisheries for small, indigenous species of four Sri Lankan reservoirs was investigated with a view to identifying regulatory constraints to the establishment of SIS fisheries without adversely impacting existing commercial fisheries. It is estimated that a potential of 7.5 t per fisher per annum of SIS through the introduction of a new fishery is obtainable. This study is significant as SIS are recognized as important sources of essential macro- and micronutrients which can play a crucial role in combating malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies in rural populations of many South and Southeast Asian countries.     

鱼类主要副产物的提取与利用

近年来,我国渔业迅速发展,随着鱼产量的增加,鱼类生产和加工过程中产生的副产物产量也逐年增加。这些副产物的综合利用水平极低,通常被当作下脚料直接丢弃,造成严重的资源浪费与环境污染。鱼类副产物主要包括鱼骨、鱼鳞等,它们的提取物丰富,具有潜在的功能价值和经济效益。为实现其高值化利用,本文论述了近年来鱼骨、鱼鳞的提取及利用的研究现状,旨在实现加工增值,同时为扩大其在各领域中的研究及应用范围提供参考。     

浅谈我国水产品加工业的发展趋势

阐述了水产食品在人民膳食中的重要作用和发展水产品加工业的必要性,并从５个方面简要介绍了水产品加工业的发展趋势。（１）水产加工品将趋向多样化、方便化;（２）低值水产品加工将得到较快发展;（３）功能性水产食品的加工将快速发展;（４）淡水养殖产品的加工进一步深入发展;（５）水产品的综合利用价值将进一步提高。     

水产品储运过程中的防腐保鲜

我国养殖水产的产量超过了捕捞产量,因养殖水产起捕比较集中,且鱼体易腐败变质,在储运过程中经常发生腐败变质现象,从而造成重大的经济损失。微生物的生长繁殖是导致鱼体腐败变质的主要原因,为减少储运过程中鱼体的腐败变质,需要采用一定防腐保鲜措施抑制微生物的生长繁殖。本文简要地介绍了鱼体储运过程中防腐保鲜方法：低温保鲜、气调保鲜、防腐剂保鲜、栅栏技术保鲜。     

Sensory and Chemical Characteristics of Selected Gulf of Mexico Coastal Herring Species

Gulf of Mexico coastal herrings may become an important alternative fisheries resource for U.S. commercial fisherman. Effects of on board handling on sensory characteristics of chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) and rough scad (Trachurus lathami) were investigated. Proximate and fatty acid composition of chub mackerel, rough scad, round scad (Decapturus punctatus), round herring (Etrumeus teres), and silver rag (Ariomma bondi) were determined to provide nutritional and product formulation data. Chub mackerel and rough scad had similar sensory characteristics found in other commercial species, which, with proper on board handling, could be maintained during frozen storage. Proximate and fatty acid compositions of the fish varied by species, season, and year.     

Fish, fishing, and pollutant reduction in the Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is heavily polluted yet supports major commercial fisheries for cod (Gadus morhua), herring (Clupea harengus), and sprat (Sprattus sprattus). Emissions of persistent organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and DDT, were high during the 1960s and 1970s, and concentrations in fish and other fauna are still significant. Several models of the fluxes of these pollutants among the water, sediment, and atmosphere have been developed, but these generally omit the roles of fish and fisheries. We show that the standing stock of the most abundant fish species in the Baltic Sea was a sink for 260 kg of PCBs in the late 1980s to early 1990s and that the fishery removed as much or more PCB (31 kg yr(-1))than other budget components (e.g., degradation in the water column). Accounting for fish and fisheries could increase our understanding of the fluxes of pollutants, and banning the discard of highly contaminated organs such as cod liver could be part of the pollution management.     

饮料中柠檬黄的检测能力研究

目的对宁波区域内,分布于农业、渔业、食药、疾控等各行业实验室的饮料中柠檬黄的检测能力进行了评价和研究。方法从样品制备、均匀性、稳定性、检测方法、统计方法选择、能力验证结果的判定等方面系统阐述了能力验证方案设计、具体运作程序、结果分析等内容。结果参加能力验证的22家实验室中,满意结果为18家,满意率为81.8%。技术分析产生不合格的主要原因为标准物质的纯度折算及标准溶液的配制产生的误差、过滤膜的吸附、检测人员的水平和经验问题。结论大多数参加实验室检测能力评价为满意,表明在宁波范围内,饮料中柠檬黄的检测水平总体较好。     

Modelling the short term consequences of smoking cessation in England on the hospitalisation rates for acute myocardial infarction and stroke

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the short term event and cost consequences of achieving two smoking cessation targets for England among a cohort of 35-64 year olds, in terms of the number of hospitalised acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) and strokes avoided. DESIGN: A spreadsheet model based on previous work and using data for England was constructed to simulate the effects of achieving the target set out in the government's tobacco white paper (target 1). We also examined the consequence of achieving the intensive smoking reduction witnessed in California (target 2). RESULTS: Target 1 would result in 347 AMI and 214 stroke hospitalisations avoided in the year 2000, and by 2010 this would be 6386 AMI and 4964 strokes avoided. Achieving target 2 would result in 739 AMI and 455 stroke hospitalisations avoided in 2000, and 14 554 AMI and 11 304 strokes avoided by 2010. Achieving target 1 would save pound524 million ( pound423 million discounted at a rate of 2.67% for stroke and 2.31% for AMI) and target 2 would save pound1.14 billion ( pound921 million discounted) in terms of National Health Service costs. CONCLUSION: In the short term (11 years), reductions in the prevalence of smoking will produce sizeable reductions in both events and hospital costs.     

Health benefits of seafood; Is it just the fatty acids?

There is a considerable body of literature suggesting a wide range of health benefits associated with diets high in seafood. However, the demand for seafood across the world now exceeds that available from capture fisheries. This has created a rapidly increasing market for aquaculture products, the nutrient composition of which is dependent on feed composition. The use of fishmeal in this food chain does little to counteract the environmental impact of fisheries and so the on-going development of alternative sources is to be welcomed. Nevertheless, an in-depth understanding as to which nutrients in seafood provide benefit is required to permit the production of foods of maximal health benefit to humans. This paper reviews our current knowledge of the beneficial nutrient composition of seafood, in particular omega-3 fatty acids, selenium, taurine, vitamins D and B12, in the context of the development of environmentally sustainable aquaculture.     

POSSIBLE METHODS FOR THE UTILIZATION OR DISPOSAL OF FISHERY SOLID WASTES1

The pollution abatement technologies are briefly reviewed with emphasis on those which may be suitable for application to fishery processing operation. Because of the structure of American fisheries (generally small, seasonal operations), most recommended technologies for handling waste which involve large capital investment are economically not feasible. Other attributes of fisheries, mainly their location in coastal resort areas or tidewaterland or rock outcroppings, limit the use of other pollution abatement technologies such as lagooning and landfill methods. The result is that relatively new and inexpensive methods must be sought to alleviate fishery processing wastes from becoming a pollution problem. Some methods are suggested and discussed in this review. These include: production of fish “silage”; blending or composting with other industrial wastes; and the production of high valued by-products.