西藏某细粒嵌布难选硫化铜矿选矿实验研究

西藏某细粒嵌布难选硫化铜矿含铜0.45%,含硫3.1%,铜氧化率9.91%,矿石中铜矿物以黄铜矿为主,黄铜矿分布极不均匀,部分呈微细粒状,与脉石不易单体解离,是影响铜矿物回收的重要因素。实验采用铜硫混浮、粗精矿再磨后铜硫分离、铜硫混浮尾矿脱硫的工艺流程,药剂制度以石灰为调整剂,A4和丁铵黑药为铜矿物捕收剂,戊基黄药为黄铁矿捕收剂,MIBC为起泡剂,闭路实验取得了良好的选矿技术指标:铜精矿铜品位25.32%,铜回收率85.56%;金品位21.02 g/t,金回收率63.37%;银品位119.25 g/t,银回收率80.53%。同时,获得一个含硫19.82%、回收率78.20%的硫精矿,矿石中的黄铁矿得到综合回收。      

从某铁矿尾矿库中浮选回收铜硫矿物的研究

采用异步浮选工艺, 从某铁矿尾矿库中综合回收铜硫矿物。第一段粗选在自然pH条件下进行, 选出易浮的黄铜矿、辉铜矿和黄铁矿; 第二段粗选采用碱性介质, 硫化氧化严重的黄铜矿、辉铜矿以及黄铁矿, 应用诱导浮选将硫化矿物富集、回收; 以Y01-Y02-石灰组合药剂作为铜-硫分离调整剂, 最终得到铜精矿中铜品位13.38％, 硫精矿中硫品位42.55%的闭路试验指标。     

老挝巴莱县某铜金硫化矿石选铜试验

老挝巴莱县某铜金硫化矿石中的主要有用元素为铜、金,主要铜矿物黄铜矿、斑铜矿共生关系密切,结晶极不规则,但粗细较均匀,粒度较细;黄铁矿晶粒较规则,但粗细不均;铜硫矿物嵌布关系较密切;金主要以裸露与半裸露金形态存在,其次是黄铜矿包裹金。为确定矿石的选铜工艺,对矿石进行了选矿试验。结果表明:矿石在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占70%的情况下,以石灰+YD为硫抑制剂,丁基黄药为浮铜捕收剂,采用1粗2精2扫闭路浮铜流程处理,获得了铜品位为25.08%、含金26.00 g/t、铜回收率为90.78%、金回收率为74.12%的铜金精矿。     

排土场黄铁矿促进黄铜矿浸出研究

为合理利用低品位铜矿石及其废石资源,进行了黄铜矿排土场中黄铁矿促进黄铜矿浸出的反应热力学分析及浸出试验。结果表明,黄铁矿反应所需的溶液电位范围涵盖了Fe²⁺促进黄铜矿浸出的电位范围,无氧条件下黄铁矿促进黄铜矿是可行的;黄铁矿的参与加速降低了Fe³⁺与Fe²⁺浓度之比,促使电位降低,进而促进黄铜矿的浸出;排土场中深部缺氧条件下黄铁矿促进黄铜矿浸出方式以上部浸出液为母液,上部溶液中Fe³⁺、Cu²⁺及Fe ²⁺是黄铁矿促进黄铜矿浸出的前提条件。     

安徽某铜矿石选矿试验

安徽某铜矿石铜品位0.76%,含硫7.00%、含银7.57 g/t。91.20%的铜以原生硫化铜的形式存在,黄铜矿和黄铁矿是铜、硫的主要载体矿物,且黄铜矿嵌布粒度细小。为回收有价元素铜、硫,采用优先浮铜再选硫原则流程进行选矿试验。结果表明,以CaO为浮铜时黄铁矿的抑制剂、硫酸为选硫的活化剂,原矿经磨矿(-0.074 mm 90%)—1粗2精2扫优先浮铜—浮铜尾矿1粗1精1扫选硫闭路浮选工艺流程处理,可获得铜精矿品位24.23%、回收率87.01%和硫精矿品位37.75%、回收率72.93%的良好指标,富集在铜精矿中银含量207.70 g/t,伴随回收了银,实现了资源的最大化利用,可供确定选矿工艺流程参考。     

安徽某铁尾矿中铜硫的选矿回收研究

针对安徽某铁矿磁选尾矿中铜矿物粗细不均,次生硫化铜含量较高,且部分黄铜矿被黄铁矿包裹等特点,在原铜硫混浮-铜硫分离工艺前进行了增设快速浮铜工艺环节的研究,并对混精再磨、分离工艺进行了优化研究。采用试验确定的半优先浮铜闭路试验流程处理该试样,可获得铜品位21.48%、回收率达82.85%的铜精矿,以及硫品位为48.34%、回收率为84.43%的硫精矿,试验铜回收率较生产平均铜回收率高10个百分点以上。     

某高硫难选铜矿石选矿试验研究

铜陵有色某高硫难选铜矿石铜品位为0.72%、硫品位为19.4%;矿石中铜主要以黄铜矿形式存在,其次为斑铜矿、铜蓝、黝铜矿以及辉铜矿等;硫矿物绝大部分为白铁矿,另有微量的黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿等。为开发利用该矿石,对其进行了选矿试验研究。结果表明:在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占75%条件下,以石灰为抑制剂、丁黄药和BK-301为捕收剂、2#油为起泡剂经1粗1扫选铜,铜粗精矿再磨至-0.044 mm占91.9%后经3次铜精选,铜扫选尾矿以硫酸为p H调整剂、硫酸铜为活化剂、丁黄药为捕收剂、2#油为起泡剂选硫,获得了铜品位为18.78%、回收率为87.76%的铜精矿和硫品位为39.55%、回收率为79.29%的硫精矿。     

大宝山难选铜硫矿石选矿新工艺研究

广东大宝山铜硫矿石铜品位低,主要金属矿物黄铜矿与黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿等嵌布关系复杂,磁黄铁矿可浮性与黄铜矿相近,采用单一浮选工艺处理该矿石难以获得较好的铜硫分离指标。为探索该难选铜硫矿石铜硫高效分选工艺,在对其进行工艺矿物学分析基础上进行了选矿新工艺研究。结果表明:原矿磨细至-0.074 mm占80.10%,经1粗3扫铜浮选,粗选精矿再磨至-0.074 mm占90%经磁选脱除磁黄铁矿,非磁性产品经3次铜精选,可以获得铜品位为18.57%、回收率为80.26%的合格铜精矿,浮铜扫选尾矿经1粗1扫硫浮选,与磁性产品合并后可以获得硫品位为45.35%、回收率为87.12%的硫精矿,铜硫得到有效分离。     

低碱度下组合抑制剂对黄铜矿和黄铁矿可浮性的影响

研究了在pH=8的低碱度条件下,Na₂S₂O₃+焦性没食子酸、NaClO+焦性没食子酸、CaCl₂+单宁酸、KMnO₄+单宁酸、NaClO+腐殖酸钠这5种组合抑制剂对黄铜矿、黄铁矿可浮性的影响,结果表明它们都可以在铜硫浮选分离时作为黄铁矿的选择性抑制剂,只不过在选择性强弱和用量上有差异。以NaClO+腐殖酸钠为代表,比较了组合抑制剂与单一抑制剂对黄铁矿的抑制效果,结果证明组合抑制剂效果更好。最后,通过红外光谱分析,探讨了NaClO+腐殖酸钠对黄铁矿的抑制机理。     

某高硅铜硫矿石分选试验

广西某高硫铜矿石中滑石等易浮硅质矿物含量高,现场采用弱磁选-浮铜-浮硫工艺流程进行分选,除弱磁选能较好地回收磁黄铁矿外,黄铜矿浮选和黄铁矿浮选均因易浮硅质矿物的干扰而难以获得合格精矿。为此,在大量探索试验的基础上,采用弱磁选-黄铜矿和硅质矿物混合浮选-混浮精矿铜硅摇床分离-混浮尾矿浮黄铁矿的工艺流程处理该矿石,获得了磁选硫精矿硫品位和回收率分别为38.69%和64.48%,浮选硫精矿硫品位和回收率分别为44.57%和30.99%,铜精矿铜品位和回收率分别为13.87%和63.89%的良好试验指标,有效地综合回收了铜、硫矿物。     

Effect of grinding media on the activation of pyrite flotation

In previous study, it has been found that the grinding conditions have a great effect on the flotation of chalcopyrite and galena as well as their separation from pyrite (Peng et al., 2003a, Peng et al., 2003b). In this study, the effect of the grinding conditions on the activation of pyrite by Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ were investigated. Based on flotation behaviour, EDTA (ethylene diamine-tetra acid) extraction, pulp potential measurement and electrokinetic study, it is found that the activation of pyrite flotation by Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ involves different mechanisms. Reduction of copper(II) to copper(I) and the formation of new copper sulphide phases are responsible for the activation of pyrite flotation by Cu²⁺. This is an electrochemical process. However, adsorption of lead hydroxide on pyrite surface is principally responsible for the activation of pyrite flotation by Pb²⁺. The effect of grinding media on the flotation of pyrite activated by Cu²⁺ or Pb²⁺ is through the change of pulp potential and iron oxidation species emanating from the media. The iron oxidation species from grinding media is electrostatically repulsive with respect to copper-activated pyrite and therefore, reducing conditions produced by mild steel medium promotes pyrite flotation in the presence of Cu²⁺. However, iron oxidation species from grinding media is electrostatically attractive with respect to lead-activated pyrite and therefore inert grinding medium favours pyrite flotation in the presence of Pb²⁺. This study provides a clear picture of how to increase or decrease pyrite flotation through a smart selection of grinding media.     

黄铁矿浮选抑制剂的研究进展

黄铁矿与黄铜矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿等矿物广泛共伴生。由于黄铁矿具有较好的天然可浮性,且常被铜离子和铅离子活化,容易混入其他精矿产品中,进而影响产品质量。因此需要使用抑制剂对多金属硫化矿中的黄铁矿进行选择性抑制,从而实现硫化矿资源的高效利用。本文介绍了多金属硫化矿中黄铁矿的抑制剂研究进展,从生产成本与绿色环保要求方面考虑,组合抑制剂的使用是黄铁矿浮选领域中重要的发展趋势之一。      

国外某高硫低锌尾矿锌强化回收试验研究

国外某高硫低锌尾矿中含锌2.69%、含硫47.08%,脉石矿物主要为滑石并且含有大量黄铁矿,硫含量过高是导致该矿石浮选指标差的主要原因。实验室通过条件试验指出石灰用量不足、硫酸铜用量过大导致现场精矿Zn品位低,并通过调整药剂用量、使用组合捕收剂以及添加黄铁矿辅助抑制剂Kg-1显著提高了精矿Zn品位。在最佳药剂制度下,采用一粗三精一扫,中矿按顺序返回的闭路流程,其中扫选不添加石灰,其他药剂减半,三次精选均添加石灰500 g/t调节矿浆pH值,最终试验获得的闭路锌精矿产品中Zn品位为42.86%、Zn回收率为71.93%,达到选厂要求浮选指标,实现了对该高硫低锌尾矿锌的高效回收利用。通过闭路试验探究有无Kg-1的添加对闭路锌精矿Zn品位的影响,试验结果指出Kg-1的引入能有效阻碍浮选过程中黄铁矿的上浮,显著提高锌精矿Zn品位。相对于未加Kg-1的闭路试验,锌精矿Zn品位提升13.76%,说明Kg-1是一种有效的黄铁矿抑制剂。Kg-1是一种有机小分子抑制剂,其分子头基有硫亲固原子,通过水解产生R-CSS^-,能与被硫酸铜活化的黄铁矿表面的Cu²⁺和F...     

The effect of redox control on the continuous bioleaching of chalcopyrite concentrate

A continuous bioleaching process was developed for the dissolution of chalcopyrite concentrate with electrochemically redox control. Therefore, using a flotation concentrate containing 46% chalcopyrite and 23% pyrite, bioleaching tests were carried out at 47 °C with 15% pulp density under controlled and uncontrolled redox conditions. To increase the copper recovery in contrast to the conventional bioleaching (∼39.62%), the effect of redox potential on the chalcopyrite bioleaching was investigated by electrochemically controlled bioleaching. The results showed that by controlling the redox potential, faster copper leach kinetics could be achieved. At last, reducing the redox potential from high levels to optimum window (420–440 mV SCE) caused an increase in copper recovery from around 39% to higher than 69% (over 25 g/L Cu²⁺).     

以羟乙基纤维素为抑制剂浮选分离铜硫

为检验铜硫分离新型抑制剂HEC的有效性,并了解HEC作用效果的影响因素,以丁基黄药为捕收剂,对黄铜矿、黄铁矿纯矿物进行了浮选试验,并以HEC为抑制剂进行了实际矿物浮选试验。结果表明：①丁基黄药对黄铜矿的捕收能力强于黄铁矿,且几乎不受矿浆pH值的影响,在无抑制剂的情况下,高碱环境可抑制黄铁矿的上浮。②HEC可用于铜硫分离,用量为200 mg/L时可显著抑制黄铁矿,但对黄铜矿的抑制能力很弱。③抑制剂HEC适宜在pH=7的环境下浮选分离黄铜矿与黄铁矿的人工混合矿。④在分选内蒙古某铜硫矿石时,以HEC为铜硫分离黄铁矿的抑制剂,可获得铜品位为23.21%、铜回收率为81.75%的铜精矿,以及硫品位为13.20%、硫回收率80.83%的硫精矿,较好地实现了铜硫分离。     

分步浮选提高甘肃某铜矿石选矿指标

甘肃某铜矿石含铜1.6%左右,铜主要以黄铜矿的形式存在,但黄铜矿单体解离性能欠佳且可浮性不一致,对分选不利。现场采用常规浮选工艺处理该矿石,虽能获得合格的铜精矿,但选矿指标不是十分理想。为此,针对矿石性质,以具有较好选择性的LP-01为快速浮选捕收剂、以具有较强捕收能力的Y-89为强化浮选捕收剂进行了分步浮选试验,同时模拟现场工艺进行了对比试验。结果表明：采用分步浮选工艺可获得铜品位为25.61%、铜回收率为83.58%的铜精矿1和铜品位为13.89%、铜回收率为12.36%的铜精矿2,两者合计,综合铜精矿铜品位为23.10%、铜回收率达95.94%;而采用现场工艺获得的铜精矿铜品位为21.86%%、铜回收率为93.88%。相比之下,分步浮选工艺使铜精矿铜品位提高了1.24个百分点、铜回收率提高了2.06个百分点,优越性明显。     

黄铜矿浮选研究进展

黄铜矿是提炼铜的主要矿物原料,不同地质作用产生的黄铜矿,因其晶体结构和共伴生矿物等自然属性不同,导致黄铜矿的可浮性呈现差异化,在概述了矿物选别因素矿物晶体结构、矿浆pH、矿浆电位、难免离子对黄铜矿可浮性影响的基础上,进一步阐述了黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿和非金属脉石矿物等共伴生矿物对黄铜矿浮选的影响,并简述了黄铜矿浮选捕收剂的研究进展。      

Activation of sphalerite by Cu ions produced by cyanide action on chalcopyrite

Cyanide used as a depressant for pyrite in the flotation of chalcopyrite from a polymetallic ore was found to result in flotation (activation) of sphalerite. This was thought to be due to leaching of copper ions from chalcopyrite by the cyanide. Copper leached from specimen chalcopyrite and from a Cu-ore sample treated with cyanide was determined for a variety of conditions. A significant increase in Cu release at elevated pulp potential is shown which also enhanced uptake of Cu ions by sphalerite. Activation, it is suggested, is related to release of copper as cuprocyanide and subsequent oxidation to cupric cyanide, which supplies the Cu²⁺ ions.     

Assessment of the floatability of chalcopyrite,molybdenite and pyrite using biosolids and their main components as collectors for greening the froth flotation of copper sulphide ores

Biosolids and representative compounds of their main components – humic acids, sugars, and proteins – have been tested as possible environment-friendly collectors and frothers for the flotation of copper sulphide ores. The floatability of chalcopyrite and molybdenite – both valuable sulphide minerals present in these ores – as well as non-valuable pyrite was assessed through Hallimond tube flotation tests. Humic acids exhibit similar collector ability for chalcopyrite and molybdenite as that of a commercial collector (Aero 6697 promoter). Biosolids show more affinity for pyrite. The copper recovery (85.9%) and copper grade (6.7%) of a rougher concentrate obtained using humic acids as main collector for the flotation of a copper sulphide ore from Chile, were very similar to those of a copper concentrate produced by froth flotation under the same conditions with a xanthate type commercial collector. This new and feasible end-use of biosolids and humic acids should be new environment-friendly organic froth flotation agents for greening the concentration of copper sulphide ore. Now, further research is needed in order to scale current laboratory assays to operational mining scales to determine efficiencies to industrial scale.