磨煤机拉杆密封漏煤粉原因分析及解决

对我公司MP2519磨煤机拉杆密封装置结构进行了认真分析,找出了拉杆密封装置漏煤粉的原因,对原密封装置进行了改造,有效地消除该密封装置漏风、漏粉现象,延长磨煤机的检修周期,显著地改善磨煤机的运行工况。     

提升机尾部密封装置的改进

水泥磨尾提升机尾轮原采用滚动轴承设计,容易进灰磨损,改造为耐磨材质的轴套轴瓦,实现了免润滑维护,也延长了使用寿命,降低了维修成本。尾轮张紧原来是外部配重杠杆式张紧装置,容易冒灰,改为内部弹簧自张紧装置,实现了全封闭式密封,解决了轴承座与滑板间隙漏灰现象。     

过磷酸钙制粉系统螺旋输送机的技改

过磷酸钙制粉系统螺旋输送机常发生漏气、漏粉,螺旋轴断裂等故障,分析其原因,并对螺旋输送机的结构及密封装置进行了改造。改造后,设备运行平稳,消除了漏气、漏尘现象,节约了检修费用,设备运转率提高。     

中速辊式磨煤机拉杆密封装置泄漏解决方案

介绍中速辊式磨煤机拉杆密封原理,对ZGM113G-Ⅱ型磨煤机拉杆密封装置运行中的泄漏问题进行分析,结合拉杆结构及工艺条件进行改造。磨煤机拉杆密封装置经过一系列改造后,漏粉问题得到根本解决,极大地减轻了检修负担,也减轻了运行班组操作及打扫卫生负担,避免了煤粉环境的火灾隐患,减小了因磨煤机拉杆检修导致气化炉降负荷甚至停车的风险,为五环炉长周期稳定运行提供了保障,经济效益显著。     

MPS磨煤机拉杆密封泄漏原因分析及改造

对该公司MPS磨煤机运行中拉杆频繁漏粉原因进行分析,并对拉杆密封装置进行改造,达到了预期效果,为MPS磨煤机的安全、稳定、长周期运行提供了有利保障。     

磷酸二铵装置现场漏料的原因分析及解决措施

传统法磷酸二铵装置固体物料和粉尘泄漏是造成现场环境污染的原因。分析胶带输送机隙缝带料、设备密封漏料、系统正压漏料和皮带粘结漏料的原因,提出更换耐热胶带、解决设备密封问题、调整系统至微负压和调整成品包裹工况等解决措施,通过改造成功解决了磷铵装置现场漏料的问题。     

窑密封套支撑结构改进

我公司生产线两条回转窑窑头密封装置于2009年，2010年进行了技改，由原先鱼鳞片式接触式密封改为复合式密封装置（见图1），改造后很好的解决了窑头漏风、漏料问题，现场环境及烧成二次风温都有显著提高。     

提升机出料口接料和尾轮回料问题及改造

我公司4 500 t/h水泥熟料生产线,生料磨采用两套辊压机终粉磨系统配合生产,配置型号为NSE-1000*30.3、NSE-1000*27.5的提升机各两台,输送能力1 100 t/h,料斗速度62.7 m/min。生料4台提升机因设计缺陷,提升机返料现象严重,提升机电流较高,尾轮密封装置设计较差,存在大量漏料现象。为解决设备运行隐患和跑冒滴漏问题,公司决定对提升机进行改造,降低提升机运行中电流,杜绝提升机超负荷运行,改善现场环境卫生,减少员工劳动强度,降低提升机的工序电耗。     

提升机尾轮轴承及配重的改造

1提升机尾轮存在的问题我厂2条水泥生产线共有5台提升机,虽然提升机的规格、提升链形式不同,但尾轮轴承都是调心滚动轴承。从提升机的运行状况看,均存在尾轮轴承区域密封效果差、检修复杂、磨损快的问题。以包装系统一台NSE300×23板链式提升机为例。因斜槽给料不均匀,瞬间物料大,尾部轴承区底部出现积灰。由于积灰无法排出,逐渐被压实,最后将轴承座垫起,尾轮失去张力,料斗摆动撞壳体。每次处理要拆开边板往外清理积灰。润滑油脂密封失效,滚珠轴承内进灰加速磨损,致使轴承更换频繁。提升机尾轮结构及积灰状况见图1。图1改造前提升机尾轮结…     

回转窑密封装置的改造

回转窑密封装置的结构形式众多,本文介绍了一些常用密封装置的结构和使用情况,针对现场密封装置存在的一些问题,开发设计了适用于窑尾密封的重锤压紧端面摩擦片式密封装置和适用于窑头密封的双向叠片式密封装置。针对在回转窑窑尾经常出现的漏料问题,从设备的角度提出了改造方案,并初步分析了密封效果不好,密封处漏风时对系统热耗的影响。     

Molecular components of coal and coal structure

A high-volatile bituminous coal was extracted at room temperature by various organic solvents. The yields of the extracts ranged from 4.5 wt% daf (ethanol/benzene extract) to 38 wt% daf (pyridine/ethylenediamine extract). The extracts were analysed by Fl mass spectrometry; the volatile part (75–80 wt%) was composed of substances of molecular weight in the range 70–800 amu, but the compounds in the 200–600 amu range predominated. Over 300 compounds were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The results indicate that compounds < 800 amu constitute at least 30 wt% daf of the analysed coal.     

Electrical conductivity of coal and coal char

The electrical conductivity of coal, at either 1 kHz or d.c., was measured at 24 °C on samples recovered from pyrolysis experiments aimed at modelling conditions during in situ gasification of coal. From an initial value of 10⁻³ S/m (when the coal is saturated with formation water), the conductivity decreases to 10⁻⁸ S/m when the coal is heated to 110 °C in vacuum. This low value, presumably due to dehydration of the coal, prevails for samples heated as high as 500 °C in dry argon. Samples of char recovered after pyrolysis to 800 °C or more have a conductivity of 10² S/m. Capitalizing on the large contrast between the conductivities of coal and char produced during gasification, electrical probing may be a sensitive tool for monitoring ‘burn-front’ progress during in situ coal gasification.     

澳大利亚煤代替西曲焦煤的配煤炼焦研究

对澳大利亚煤和国内6种单种煤进行煤质分析和配煤炼焦实验,分析澳大利亚煤代替西曲煤进行炼焦的可行性。结果表明澳大利亚煤具有低灰低硫、高挥发分等特点,在炼焦中用澳大利亚煤替代西曲焦煤可降低焦炭的灰分和硫分,增大焦炭的各向异性指数,改善焦炭强度。     

Industrial coking of coal batch without bituminous coal

For many years, Kuznetsk-coal batch has always included bituminous coal. Depending on the content of such coal, the batch may be characterized as lean, moderately clinkering, or bituminous. This classification was adopted by specialists of the Eastern Coal-Chemistry Institute (ECCI) in experimental coking at Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Works in 1945 [1]. Lean batch contained 10% Osinovsk bituminous coal (plastic-layer thickness y = 13 mm); moderately coking coal contained 25% bituminous coal (y = 16 mm); and bituminous batch contained 40% of such coal (y = 20 mm).     

黏结煤与不黏煤共热解特性研究

为了利用内构件反应器热解技术实现黏结性煤的高值化利用,采用TG-MS和固定床反应器研究了黏结的山西兴县煤(简称XX煤)与不黏的先锋褐煤(简称XF煤)共热解时的破黏和热解特性。TG-MS实验结果表明,XX煤与XF煤配制的混合煤比XX煤黏性小,且XF煤促进了XX煤热解,混合煤热解行为是两种煤共同作用的结果。固定床热解实验表明,煤粒径越小,降黏越显著;XX煤和XF煤的比例(XX:XF)越小,降黏越显著,XX:XF小于5:5时,可消除结焦团块;XX:XF越小,半焦产率越低,焦油和煤气产率越高;随XX:XF减小,焦油中<170℃和230~300℃的馏分含量先升后降,XX:XF=6:4~3:7时最高,170~210℃、210~230℃和300~360℃的馏分逐渐增加,>360℃的馏分含量不断降低;随XX:XF的减小,H2含量先升高后降低,在XX:XF=3:7时最高;CO含量呈略微升高趋势;CO2含量先逐步升高,在XX:XF=6:4达到最高,然后从XX:XF=5:5开始降低,在XX:XF=3:7达到最低,然后又开始升高;CH4及C2~C3组分含量呈下降趋势,而H2+CO+CH4 (煤气中有效组分之和)的含量先下降再升高接着再降低,在XX:XF=6:4时最低,XX:XF=3:7时最高。XX:XF越小,虽半焦的C/N和C/H不断减少,但C元素含量增幅和N, H元素含量减幅增大;比表面积越大,内孔结构越多越大,起燃温度越低,燃烧越彻底。     

关于混煤的配煤探讨

针对生产用煤多为复杂混煤的不利情况,在常规分析数据的基础上利用岩相分析手段指导配煤,有效稳定了焦炭质量,明显改善了焦炭的热态性能。     

高硫焦煤在配煤中的应用

通过研究高硫焦煤的理化性质,在配合煤中配入一定比例的廉价高硫焦煤,焦炭质量得到改善,主焦煤的使用比例减少,入炉煤成本大幅降低.     

Coking properties of coal pitch in coal batch

The coking properties of coal pitch depend significantly on its fractional composition, which determines the set of structural components involved in meso-phase formation. The optimal combination of high-molecular aromatic compounds, polycyclic compounds of intermediate molecular mass, and hydrogen-donor hydroaromatic components corresponds to a ratio of pitch fractions α: β: γ = 1: 2: 2. This is typical of coal pitch with a softening temperature of 75–85°C. Such pitch is the best clinkering additive to coking batch, resulting in the production of coke of maximum strength.     

煤岩学在炼焦配煤中的应用进展及优化配煤技术

科学合理的配煤技术对于焦化企业高质量发展至关重要,炼焦配煤技术的核心在于对原料煤煤质特性的深入认知。影响炼焦煤性质的主要因素包括变质程度、煤岩组成及第三成因因素,故煤岩学对炼焦配煤技术的研究与应用至关重要。本文论述了经验配煤、煤岩配煤及人工智能配煤3种炼焦配煤技术发展历程和现状,凝练了炼焦配煤技术的发展趋势。结合研究实际,重点梳理了煤岩学指标在炼焦配煤中的应用现状。在注重煤岩特征的同时,也需兼顾工艺指标等相关参数对炼焦煤优劣的表征。在实际应用中,各项指标参数的选择和利用需要综合考虑参数适配范围并尊重该指标与炼焦煤特性的真实对应关系。基于以上内容,提出了关联成煤时代、产地等地质因素和黏结指数、胶质层指数等工艺指标的整体思路,实现焦炭性能与原料煤特性的科学、深入关联,构建“本源-过程-结果”一体的优化配煤技术新体系。     

Catalytic activity of coal minerals in hydrogasification of coal

Hydrogasification of six bituminous coals was studied in a fixed-ped flow reactor at pressures up to 2 MPa and temperatures from 790 to 960 °C. Ranges of distinct methane formation are found with all coals between 500 and 600 °C, 750 to 800 °C and >850 °C. The reactions in the first two ranges are determined by the molecular structure of coal and are not affected by catalytic activities of constituents of coal minerals. In the third range, >850 °C, iron as a constituent of mineral matter of coal can accelerate methane formation significantly if the pressure is sufficiently high. Thermodynamic calculations indicate, and were verified by thermogravimetric studies, that iron disulphides in original coals can be desulphurized during gasification. Alkali and alkali earth oxides and carbonates can act as sulphur scavengers via an exchange reaction and thus accelerate the desulphurization of iron sulphides.