大尺寸喷动床最低喷动速度的估算

最低喷动速度是喷动床设计的重要参数之一。过去人们习惯采用Mathur-Gisher公式来计算,但由于该公式是建立在小直径床层(D_c=0.076～0.3m)实验的基础上的,故在大直径床层上应用时,产生明显的偏差。本文通过实际数据分析,提出了大直径喷动床层最低喷动速度计算的经验公式。     

喷动床研究与进展

叙述了近年来出现的几种改型喷动床，包括多喷头喷动床、喷动流化床、带导向管的喷动床、性粒子旋转射流式喷动床、射流喷动床的研究与进展。它们在传统柱锥形喷动床的基础上，通过增加喷口、导向管、流化气、惰性粒子或增加喷动气速等方法，来克服原有喷动床应用的局限性，拓展其应用领域。     

惰性粒子喷动床中反应干燥集成化制备超细碳酸钙

在一内径为42mm的惰性粒子喷动床中, 以CO2气体和Ca(OH)2悬浮液制备超细碳酸钙粒子为研究对象,实验考察了进气中CO2气体浓度、Ca(OH)2悬浮液浓度、反应温度,静床高等操作条件对产物制备的影响。结果表明,利用惰性粒子喷动床反应与干燥集成化的特点,获得了平均粒度为80 nm、含水量低于0.15%的方解石型超细碳酸钙粒子,开发了一步法制备超细碳酸钙的新工艺。     

微型喷动床煤焦二氧化碳气化反应动力学

煤焦与CO2的气化反应是评价煤种气化反应活性的重要指标之一.分别在自主设计的一套微型喷动床反应装置和热重分析仪上采用等温和非等温的方法对煤焦-CO2气化反应动力学进行探讨.结果表明:神华焦和大雁焦CO2气化反应符合混合反应模型,其采用非等温分析方法由Coats-Redfern近似函数和Doyle近似函数得到的反应活化能...     

加压喷动床中细颗粒喷动特性

在内径分别为 186mm和 80mm的加压喷动床中 ,以空气为喷动介质 ,在 10 1～ 70 0kPa的压力范围内考察了几种不同粒度的细颗粒在加压下的喷动特性 .研究结果表明在不同的Re_t 内压力对最小喷动速度的影响不同 .实验还发现 ,随着压力的升高 ,喷动区直径增大 ,稳定操作区域增大 ,加压可明显改善喷动床的操作稳定性     

喷动床干燥工艺综述

喷动床干燥是对传统流化床干燥的革新和改造 ,它不仅能顺利地干燥谷物等颗粒粗大的物料 ,而且适用于热敏性物料的干燥 ,同时还可以进行多项化工单元操作。与国外发展成熟的喷动床技术相比 ,国内这方面的进展则显得较为缓慢。因此 ,本文从喷动床的起步、特点、结构、流化形式及喷动机制等方面入手 ,对其进行了较为系统的介绍 ,并给出了部分参数的计算公式及热质传递方程。     

导向充气喷动床的临界充气速度

１前言在普通喷动床的环形区底部额外引入一股辅助气体,由于喷动气体和辅助气体各自独立地改变,气固系统将出现下列几种体系或操作状态：①固定床;②充气喷动床;③喷流床;④带射流的流化床。长期以来对充气喷动床与喷流床的区别不是很清楚的［１～５］。张怀清等［６...     

喷动床发展与现状

介绍了流化床的一个分支——喷动床的发展与现状。首先简述了喷动床的发展史，然后着重讲解了有关喷动床的几个基本概念，并对喷动床的流动特性及其与传统流化床的异同点作了描述。给出了一些喷动床的床型变化及应用实例，并提供了一份有关喷动床研究的较完整的文献清单     

双喷嘴矩形导流管喷动床喷动压降

引言 传统的柱锥形喷动床(CSBs)的应用受到一些因素的限制,例如处理物料能力、起始压力大及难以放大等,为此,Romankov等[1]最早提出了长方形截面的矩形喷动床结构,来克服CSBs的缺点.此后,Rocha等[2]用矩形喷动床进行了片剂包衣的研究.     

狭缝式矩形喷动床中多粒度颗粒体系的最大喷动压降

在 15 0 mm× 5 0 mm× 110 0 mm的矩形喷动床中 ,研究了单一粒径体系和二组分及三组分混合粒径颗粒体系的最大喷动压降受颗粒粒径及粒度组成、静止床高和气体入口狭缝宽度的影响情况。实验采用宽度为2、4、6 mm三种宽度的狭缝式气体分布板 ,实验物料为单一粒径分别为 1、1.5、2 mm的玻璃珠。实验表明矩形喷动床的最大喷动压降与上述三种影响因素都有关系。本文还给出了最大喷动压降随这三种因素变化的实验关联式     

MODELING AND SIMULATION OF AIRFLOW IN SPOUTED BED DRYERS

ABSTRACT

This paper presents an axisymmetric three-dimensional semi-empirical model that describes the airflow in both the spout and annular regions. Both the pressure and air velocity distributions can be calculated at any point inside the dryer. Thus, the effect of the fluid dynamics on the heat and mass transfer coefficients and, consequently, on the drying process, can be evaluated. The finite element method was used to solve the model. Pressure distributions were measured for several conditions in which stable spouted bed flow regime was attained. Simulated pressure distributions agreed well with experimental data.     

液相反应物起限制性作用的滴流床反应器模型评价

在实验滴流床反应器内用含２３％Ｃｕ，１７％Ｃｒ的氧化铝催化剂进行过氧化氢的等温分解，以测试不同操作条件下液相色反应物围化率空时的依赖关系。实验证实对氧化氢分解是一个液相反应物起限制性作用的１级反应，模型预测与实验数据的比较表明：除催化剂效率因子以外，必须考虑外部质量传递和催化剂不完全润湿的影响，Ｄｕｄｋｏｖｉｃ提出考虑催化剂总效率因子的近似模型完全能够模拟上述２种影响。     

DRYING OF HIGH MOISTURE CONTENT PADDY IN A PILOT SCALE TRIANGULAR SPOUTED BED DRYER

From the successful drying of paddy in a lab-scale triangular spouted bed (TSB), a pilot scale unit with a capacity of 500kg/batch was constructed and used to dry paddy of high moisture contents. The drying tests showed that air temperatures of up to 160°C in the first stage, followed by a lower temperature of 80-100°C in the second stage, can be used to dry paddy from more than 25% down to around 15% (w.b.) without significantly changing grain quality in terms of head rice recovery. Moisture distribution in the pilot-scale TSB was observed to be satisfactorily uniform.     

THE USE OF A SPOUTED BED IN THE FERTILIZER COATING OF SOYBEAN SEEDS

Soybean seeds were coated with fertilizer by the atomization of a fertilizer suspension using a spouted bed. The efficiency of coating adhesion was measured as the coating mass adhering to the seeds and the sprayed solids mass. The change in moisture mass between coated and uncoated seeds was considered in the evaluation of yield. A study of binder concentration and process time was conducted in order to discover conditions under which germination of coated seeds was feasible. Final experiments were done in order to quantify the influences of spouted bed air temperature and fertilizer suspension flowrate on the process yields and the germination capacity of coated seeds. Two empirical equations resulted from the use of Myers' surface technique (1976). These equations predict yield and germination for the range of variables studied.     

THE USE OF A SPOUTED BED IN THE FERTILIZER COATING OF SOYBEAN SEEDS

ABSTRACT

Soybean seeds were coated with fertilizer by the atomization of a fertilizer suspension using a spouted bed. The efficiency of coating adhesion was measured as the coating mass adhering to the seeds and the sprayed solids mass. The change in moisture mass between coated and uncoated seeds was considered in the evaluation of yield. A study of binder concentration and process time was conducted in order to discover conditions under which germination of coated seeds was feasible. Final experiments were done in order to quantify the influences of spouted bed air temperature and fertilizer suspension flowrate on the process yields and the germination capacity of coated seeds. Two empirical equations resulted from the use of Myers' surface technique (1976). These equations predict yield and germination for the range of variables studied.     

MASS TRANSFER WITH CHEMICAL REACTION IN A FROTH BED REACTOR

A model to predict conversions in a froth bed reactor has been developed. The model is then compared against the available experimental data on the oxidation of sodium sulfide in a foam bed contactor. The predictions using the present model are also compared against those based on the model of a foam bed reactor developed earlier. The predictions using the present model agree fairly well with the experimental data and, in some cases, are even in better quantitative agreement than the previous single stage model of a foam bed reactor. The case of significant surface resistance due to surfactant has also been analyzed theoretically, obtaining analytical solutions for the concentration profile and fractional gas absorption in a liquid froth shell.     

喷动床环隙区内颗粒流的数学模型和仿真

Solids motion in the annulus of a spouted bed can be considered as a quasi-static deforming flow similar to that in a silo. Several simplified granular-flow models by Sullivan et al. including kinematic, potential and plastic theory, are investigated in this paper. The model of solids circulation by Morgan et al is combined with the above granular models to predict solids axial velocity in annulus. The finite element method is adopted and the complicated spout-annulus shape geometry is especially considered. Simulated results are compared with experimental data from He et al. It indicates that kinematic theory agrees well with experiments. The regressed kinematic constant B for annulus flow is greatly larger than that for silo flow. Potential theory obtains similar result with kinematic theory, but is incomplete in its physical significance. Plastic theory gives unrealistically oscillatory solution because of the over simplification of stress field. Finally, the Euler equations coupling the momentum transfer of solids with the frictional stress field are proposed for future study.     

超细粉在导向管喷动床中的固体循环速率

Ultra-fine powders are difficult to be fluidized due to the strong particle to particle cohesiveness.However, the authors‘ experiments showed that the ultra-fine powder CaCO3 could be stably fluidized in a spouted bed with a draft tube. The effects of geometric and operating parameters on solid circulation rate of ultra-fine powder CaCO3 were investigated in a 120 mm diameter transparent semicircular spouted bed with a draft tube. Three draft tubes with different sizes were used in this study. It was found that the solids circulation rate was mainly dependent on the drawing rate of the gas jet from the nozzle, then on the gas transport capacity in the draft tube. With increasing gas feed rate, distance between the nozzle and the draft tube inlet and draft tube diameter, the solids circulation rate could be increased. Based on the jet theory, a quantitative correlation was proposed for predicting the solid circulation rate of ultra-fine powders in a spouted bed with a draft tube by taking into account the gas transport capacity in the draft tube.     

导向管充气喷动床流体力学性能

在内径92mm的有机玻璃床内,对导向管充气喷动床的操作相图、床层压降、最小喷动速度及最大弃气速度进行了研究.实验采用4种颗粒为实验物料并采用空气为 喷动和弃气气体,通过对实验数据的回归得到用于计算或判别导向管弃气喷动床最小喷动速度和最大充气速度的计算式,以便为其设计和操作提供依据.