三氯氢硅歧化反应精馏生产硅烷的模拟简

The reactive distillation process for producing high purity monosilane via trichlorosilane redistribution reaction was simulated. Rigorous RadFrac block was employed in Aspen Plus simulation package. Accurate results could be given when the chemical kinetics was taken into account in the equilibrium stage model. A single column process was used for the verification of previous studies. The results showed that 99.9% purity monosilane could be achieved in the reactive distillation. A pumparound block was employed to reduce the condenser duty with inexpen- sive coolant. The effects of operating pressure, feed stage location, liquid holdup per stage and pumparound loca- tion were also investigated. The energy consumption was limited, but the refrigerant temperature was too low, which is the fatal disadvantage. Therefore, a double columns process was developed to increase the condenser tem- perature. The simulation results demonstrated that a reasonable temperature could be achieved by varying the recy- cle stream location.     

Hydrogenation of silicon tetrachloride in microwave plasma简

This study investigated the hydrogenation of silicon tetrachloride （SIC14） in microwave plasma. A new launcher of argon （Ar） and hydrogen （Ha） plasma was introduced to produce a non-thermodynamic equilibrium activation plasma. The plasma state exhibited a characteristic temperature related to the equilibrium constant, which was termed ＂Reactive Temperature＂ in this study. Thus, the hydrogenation of SIC14 in the plasma could easily be handled with high conversion ratio and very high selectivity to trichlorosilane （SiHC13）. The effects of SiC14/Ar and H2/Ar ratios on the conversion were also investigated using a mathematical model developed to determine the op- timum experimental parameters. The highest hydrogenation conversion ratio was produced at a H2/SiCl4 molar ratio of 1, with mixtures of SICl4 and H2 to Ar molar ratio of 1.2 to 1.4. In this plasma, the special system pressure and incident power were required for the highest energy efficiency of hydrogenating SIC14, while the optimum system pressure varies from 26.6 to 40 kPa depending on input power, and the optimum feed gas （He and SiCI4） molar en- ergy input was about 350 kJ. mo1-1.     

Performance of EDAB-HCl acid blended system as fracturing fluids in oil fields简

Due to the high price and formation damage of the guargum fracturing fluid, many oilfields are more and more interested in surfactant based fracturing fluids. The rheological properties of erucicamide dimethyl amidopropyl betaine （EDAB）-HC1 acid blended system and its suitability as fracturing fluid were investigated in this work. The effects of pH, concentration of EDAB, and temperature on the rheological properties of the blended system were studied. The results show that addition of EDAB improved the viscosity of the system from less than 10 mPa. s to about 400 mPa. s, which could retard the acid-rock reaction to about one half at 60℃ and one quarter at 90℃ comparing to straight HC1 acid, suggesting that there is sufficient time for the blended fluid to react with formation rock when it is used as fracturing fluid in an oil field. Core flow tests demonstrated that the EDAB-acid blended fluid could divert itself from high permeability formation core to low permeability one, thus ensuring proper acid placement in the target reservoirs.     

冬季轮胎概况简

介绍冬季轮胎的市场、技术、新产品和试验场测试情况。冬季轮胎市场主要为欧洲、北美、新西兰和日本等,欧洲部分国家强制性规定使用冬季轮胎,2012年日本冬季轮胎销售量同比增长4.3%,达到2304.3万条。冬季轮胎技术以普利司通、米其林、倍耐力和诺基亚技术为代表。2013年世界大型轮胎公司推出多款性能优异的冬季轮胎。试验场测试对冬季轮胎市场和研制具有指导意义。     

论氧化铝生产成本控制措施简

受目前宏观经济的影响,氧化铝产能过剩,造成氧化铝价格整体偏低。要追求利润最大化必须最大限度地降低成本,该课题已经成为氧化铝生产企业的重点。因此,采取多种措施降低氧化铝生产成本势在必行,结合氧化锚生产成奉构成及所占比例,探索氧化铝生产成本控制措施,从而强化企业成本意识,提高经济效益,实现企业价值最大化。     

UV-热双重固化白漆简

为了得到性能优良的UV-热双重固化白漆,以自制的改性环氧丙烯酸酯作为低聚物,加入单官能度、双官能度及三官能度uv活性单体,根据不同的树脂加入不同种类、不同量的二氧化钛、光引发剂和热引发剂,固化后对涂膜进行多种性能测试和表征,最终得到硬度为3H、光泽度〉90、附着力为1级、对比率〉0.95、50℃热固化时间1．5h,且耐水性好的uv-热双重固化白漆.     

葡萄糖在稀硫酸催化下的降解反应动力学

系统考察了5MPa下,葡萄糖初始浓度（5～20mg／mL）、温度（160～190℃）和硫酸浓度（质量分数0．05％～0．40％）对葡萄糖降解反应的影响,并以带有平行反应的一阶连串反应动力学模型对实验数据进行拟合。拟合结果表明,在实验范围内,葡萄糖降解的主反应和副反应对葡萄糖均为一级反应,葡萄糖降解的主反应对H^＋为0．716级反应,反应活化能129kJ／mol,副反应对H^＋为1．06级反应,反应的活化能为154kJ／mol。通过对动力学方程进行分析,发现在硫酸浓度达到一定值（质量分数0．3％左右）后,若再增加硫酸浓度,对乙酰丙酸收率影响较小,因此在综合考虑收率、硫酸用量以及污染等因素的前提下,稀浓度硫酸（质量分数0．3％左右）催化降解生物质制备乙酰丙酸工艺是有发展前景的。     

Degradation Kinetics of Xylose and Glucose in Hydrolysate Containing Dilute Sulfuric Acid

In preparation of fuel alcohol from biomass as feedstock, hydrolysis with dilute acid as catalyst is one way to produce fermentable saccharide, xylose and glucose. However, the acid is also the catalyst in degradation of xylose and glucose and the yield of sacchride is dependent on the kinetic behaviors of saccharide. The degradation kinetics of xylose and glucose in the hydrolysate was investigated under the conventional process conditions of hydrogen ion concentration from 0.05 to 0.2 mol/L and temperature from 150 to 200℃. With a numerical calculation method, the kinetic parameters were estimated, and the activation energy of xylose and glucose in the degradation reaction was obtained. The kinetic equations correlating the effect of hydrogen ion concentration on the rate constants of degradation reaction were established. Comparison between the calculated results from the equations and experimental ones proved that the established kinetic model could satisfactorily predict the degradation behavior of xylose and glucose in the acidic hydrolysate.     

预处理玉米秸秆生产燃料乙醇的动力学模型探讨

提出了同时糖化发酵预处理玉米秸秆生产燃料乙醇的动力学模型,利用最小二乘法确定了在发酵过程中,乙醇浓度、玉米秸秆固形物含量与发酵时间之间的关系。     

葡萄糖和蔗糖热分解过程的动力学分析

对葡萄糖和蔗糖的热分解过程进行了TG-DTA研究,采用Kissinger法、Friedman法及非线性拟合法获得了分解过程的反应机理和动力学参数. 结果表明,葡萄糖比蔗糖更易分解. 葡萄糖的分解过程分别为二级和一级反应,蔗糖的分解过程分别为n级和一级反应. 利用非线性拟合法给出了葡萄糖与蔗糖热分解过程的完整反应途径和动力学参数,葡萄糖三阶段的活化能分别为132, 150和253 kJ/mol,指前因子分别为11.6, 11.1和19.6 s-1;蔗糖两阶段的活化能分别为105和229 kJ/mol,指前因子分别为8.2和18.6 s-1.     

硫酸催化合成邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的动力学

在工业生产过程所涉及的温度条件下对浓硫酸催化合成邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的化学反应动力学进行了实验研究,测定丫两个实验温度(90℃,100℃)下硫酸催化剂浓度为0.2%～0.9%时反应中各物质的浓度变化,获得了该温度下和催化剂浓度范围内的反应动力学表达式和反应速率常数.实验结果表明,实验条件下的反应速率对邻苯二甲酸单甲酯,甲醇...     

磷钨杂多酸催化合成戊二酸二甲酯宏观动力学研究

以戊二酸和甲醇为原料,磷钨杂多酸为催化剂,甲苯为带水剂合成戊二酸二甲酯,研究其反应机理,建立了分水条件下酯化合成反应的反应动力学模型,对实验数据回归处理,确定了模型中的有关参数。结果表明,此条件下戊二酸二甲酯的合成表现为三级不可逆反应。在本实验反应体系下,得到了反应的表观活化能为Ea=93.133 kJ/mol,反应速率常数为:k0=2.006×1010e-93133/RT(L/mol)2/min。     

高温液态水中葡萄糖分解反应动力学

研究了压力10 MPa,温度453.15～493.15 K下葡萄糖在高温液态水中分解反应动力学,考察了不同温度下反应时间对葡萄糖异构化产物果糖和进一步分解的主要产物5-羟甲基糠醛收率的影响.实验结果表明,在无外加催化剂情况下,葡萄糖能顺利进行分解反应,实验数据与2级反应动力学方程吻合较好.随着温度的升高,分解反应速率常数显著增大,葡萄糖分解反应的活化能为140.97 kJ/mol.     

Metabolism Kinetics of Glucose in Anchorage-dependent Cell Cultures

The kinetic model of glucose metabolism was established and successfully applied to batch cultures of rCHO and rBHK cells. It was found that a large amount of glucose was utilized for cell maintenance, and the overwhelming majority of maintenance energy from glucose was by its anaerobic metabolism in both rBHK and rCHO cell cultures. The overall maintenance coefficients from aerobic metabolism were 1.9?10-13 mmol/(cell·h) for rCHO cells and 7?10-13 mmol/(cell·h) for rBHK cells. In addition, all GO/T and EO/T gradually increased with the same trend as the cell growth in the culture of both rCHO and rBHK cells. The overall molecule yield coefficients of lactate to glucose were 1.61 for rCHO cells and 1.38 for rBHK cells. The yield coefficients of cell to glucose were 4.5?108 cells/mmol for rCHO cells and 1.9 ?108 cells/mmol for rBHK cells, respectively.