Hydrogenation of silicon tetrachloride in microwave plasma简

This study investigated the hydrogenation of silicon tetrachloride （SIC14） in microwave plasma. A new launcher of argon （Ar） and hydrogen （Ha） plasma was introduced to produce a non-thermodynamic equilibrium activation plasma. The plasma state exhibited a characteristic temperature related to the equilibrium constant, which was termed ＂Reactive Temperature＂ in this study. Thus, the hydrogenation of SIC14 in the plasma could easily be handled with high conversion ratio and very high selectivity to trichlorosilane （SiHC13）. The effects of SiC14/Ar and H2/Ar ratios on the conversion were also investigated using a mathematical model developed to determine the op- timum experimental parameters. The highest hydrogenation conversion ratio was produced at a H2/SiCl4 molar ratio of 1, with mixtures of SICl4 and H2 to Ar molar ratio of 1.2 to 1.4. In this plasma, the special system pressure and incident power were required for the highest energy efficiency of hydrogenating SIC14, while the optimum system pressure varies from 26.6 to 40 kPa depending on input power, and the optimum feed gas （He and SiCI4） molar en- ergy input was about 350 kJ. mo1-1.     

Measurement and modeling of vapor-liquid equilibrium for ternary system water + 2-propanol + 1-butyl-3-methylimidazoliumchloride简

Vapor-liquid equilibrium （VLE） data for water ＋ 2-propanol ＋ 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride （[bmim]Cl） were measured. Six sets of complete T, x, y data are reported, in which the 2-propanol mole fraction on IL-free basis is fixed separately at 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and approximate 0.98, while the IL mass fraction is varied from 0.1 to 0.8, in an interval of 0.1. The non-random-two-liquid （NRTL） and electrolyte non-random-two-liquid （eNRTL） equations are used to correlate the experimental data with satisfactory results. The ternary VLE behavior is also modeled with the parameters obtained by correlating two data sets, in which the mole fraction of 2-propanol on IL-free basis is approximately 0.1 and 0.98. In this way, the six sets of data are reproduced satisfactorily. With the eNRTL model, the root-mean-square deviation for temperature is 0.82 K and that for vapor-phase mole fraction is 0.0078. The influences of IL on activity coefficients and relative volatility of the volatile components are also graphically illustrated.     

Measurement and correlation of vapor-liquid equilibria for hexamethyl disiloxane + vinyl acetate system at 101.3 kPa简

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data of hexamethyl disiloxane ＋ vinyl acetate system at 101.3kPa were meas- ured by using double circulating vapor-liquid equilibrium still. The thermodynamic consistency of the VLE data was examined by Herrington method. Experimental data was correlated by non-random two-liquid （NRTL）, Wilson and universal quasichemical （UNIQUAC） parameter models. All the models satisfactorily correlated with the VLE data. The result showed that the NRTL model was the most suitable one to represent experimental data satisfactorily. The system had a minimum temperature azeotrope at 345.71 K and the mole azeotropic composition was 0.0541.     

Solubility of ammonia in ethylene glycol between 303 K and 323 K under low pressure from 0.030 to 0.101 MPa简

The solubility of ammonia in ethylene glycol is measured by an isothermal solubility equilibrium method at temperatures of （303.2, 308.2, 313.2, 318.2 and 323.2） K and total pressures of （0.030, 0.040, 0.050, 0.060, 0.070, 0.080, 9.090 and 0.101） MPa. The molality of ammonia in ethylene glycol ranges from 1.925 mol·kg-1 to 8.265 mol·kg-1. The experimental results are used to determine Henry＇s law constant of ammonia in ethylene glycol Furthermore, experimental data are correlated by applying the thermodynamic model on the basis of extended Raoult＇s law, extended Henry＇s law, corresponding-states correlations and Pitzer＇s molality scale based equation. The overall average relative deviation between the calculated data and the experimental data of Henry＇s law constant and ammonia solubility are 2.029% and 2.164% respectively.     

冬季轮胎概况简

介绍冬季轮胎的市场、技术、新产品和试验场测试情况。冬季轮胎市场主要为欧洲、北美、新西兰和日本等,欧洲部分国家强制性规定使用冬季轮胎,2012年日本冬季轮胎销售量同比增长4.3%,达到2304.3万条。冬季轮胎技术以普利司通、米其林、倍耐力和诺基亚技术为代表。2013年世界大型轮胎公司推出多款性能优异的冬季轮胎。试验场测试对冬季轮胎市场和研制具有指导意义。     

Performance of Ni/Nano-ZrO2catalysts for CO preferential methanation简

Large surface areas nano-scale zirconia was prepared by the self-assembly route and was employed as support in nickel catalysts for the CO selective methanation. The effects of Ni loading and the catalyst calcination temperature on the performance of the catalyst for CO selective methanation reaction were investigated. The cata- lysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET）, transmission electron microscope （TEM）, X-ray dif- fraction （XRD） and temperature-programmed reduction （TPR）. The results showed that the as-synthesized Ni/nano-ZrO2 catalysts presented high activity for CO methanation due to the interaction between Ni active particle and nano zir- conia support. The selectivity for the CO methanation influenced significantly by the particle size of the active Ni species. The exorbitant calcination resulted in the conglomeration of dispersive Ni particles and led to the decrease of CO methanation selectivity. Among the catalysts studied, the 7.5% （by mass） Ni/ZrO2 catalyst calcinated at 500℃ was the most effective for the CO selective methanation. It can preferentially catalyze the CO methanation with a higher 99% conversion in the CO/CO2 competitive methanation system over the temperature range of 260-280℃, while keeping the CO2 conversion relatively low.     

Determination and Correlation of Solubility for D-Xylose in Volatile Fatty Acid Solvents

The solubility of D-xylose in formic acid and binary solvents of formic acid with formic acid and acetic acid, propionic acid, n-butyric acid or isobutyric acid was measured in the temperature range from 300.35 to 325.05 K using the synthetic method by a laser monitoring technique at atmospheric pressure. The solid-liquid equilibrium data will provide essential support for industrial design and further theoretical study. The experimental data show that the solubility of D-xylose in formic acid and in the mixtures of formic acid＋acetic acid （1︰1）, formic acid＋propionic acid （1︰1）, formic acid＋n-butyric acid （1︰1）, and formic acid＋isobutyric acid （1︰1） increases with temperature. The Apelblat equation, theλh model, and the ideal solution equation correlate the solubility data well.     

辣椒碱在不同溶剂中溶解度的测定与关联

应用平衡法,以辣椒碱晶体(含辣椒碱50.4%,二氢辣椒碱37.1%,降二氢辣椒碱7.9%)为原料,在262~333 K温度下测定了辣椒碱在甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇等9种溶剂中的溶解度曲线,分别采用理想溶液模型、Apelblat模型和多项式经验方程对实验数据进行关联. 结果表明,9种溶剂中,辣椒碱的溶解度均随温度升高而增大,辣椒碱在正丁醇中的溶解度最大,在水中的溶解度最小. 计算表明,乙醚适合作为辣椒碱的冷却结晶溶剂,产率为51.23%. 模型关联结果为理想溶液模型的误差较大,多项式经验方程的误差最小.     

芳香族羧酸溶解度的测定与关联

Solubility of benzoic acid, terephthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid in water, acetic acid, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulphoxide and N-methyl-2-ketopyrrolidine were measured by dynamic method. The solubilities were calculated by UNIFAC group contribution method, in which new groups, BCCOOH and NCCOOH, were introduced to express the activity coefficients of aromatic acids and new interaction parameters of the new groups were expressed as the function of temperature, which were determined from the experimental data. The new interaction parameters provided good calculated result. The experimental data were also correlated with Wilson and A-h models, and results were compared with present UNIFAC model.     

Measurement and Correlation for Solubility of (S)-(+)-2,2-Dimethyl-cyclopropane Carbox Amide in Different Solvents

1 INTRODUCTION (S)-(+)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carbox amide [(+)-DMCPCA, Fig.1] is a key intermediate of Cilas- tatin, an inhibitor of dehydropeptidase-I. As the syner- gist of imipenem (an antibiotic drug), cilastatin is widely used in clinical applications and has prosper- ous prospects[1]. In industrial manufacture[2―6], as the optical intermediate, the chemical and optical purity of (+)-DMCPCA would affect the quality of cilastatin. So, the separation and purification are impo…     

(S)-(+)-2,2-二甲基环丙烷甲酰胺在不同溶剂中溶解度的测定与关联

（S）-（＋）-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carbox amide is a key intermediate of Cilastatin, an inhibitor of dehydropeptidase-I. Its corresponding solid-liquid equilibrium data will provide essential support for industrial design and further theoretical studies. The solubilities of （S）-（＋）-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carbox amide in toluene, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and pure water at different temperature were measured using the synthetic method by a laser monitoring observation technique. The solubility data were correlated with the modified Apelblat equation.The calculated values were good in agreement with the experimental values.     

对羟基苯甘氨酸硫酸盐在水-丙酮中溶解度的测定与关联

利用灵敏的激光监视装置,采用恒温溶解法测定了对羟基苯甘氨酸硫酸盐在水-丙酮二元混合溶剂中的溶解度.实验温度范围约为303～323 K,水-丙酮混合溶剂中水的变化范围为0%～100%.在纯丙酮和低含水量的混合溶剂中,对羟基苯甘氨酸硫酸盐溶解度很低.混合溶剂含水9.09%以下时,溶解度随水含量增加略有降低.随着溶剂中水量的进一步增加,溶解度随之增大.在研究的温度范围内,溶质在纯水中的溶解度约为纯丙酮中的50～70倍.同一溶剂中,溶解度随温度升高而增大.用从Clausius-Clapeyron方程推导的理论模型关联溶解度与温度的关系,计算的溶解度和实验值符合良好,平均相对误差1.73%.实验结果可应用于对羟基苯甘氨酸的提纯和优先结晶法拆分工艺.     

1,2-环己二醇在溶剂中的溶解度

1 INTRODUCTION The solubility of solid in liquids is an excellent tool to investigate solute-solvent intermolecular forces in the liquid state. In this work the solubility of trans-1,2-cyclohexanediol in some polar solvents (wa- ter, methyl acetate, acetic ester, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl acrylate, and ethyl acrylate) was mea- sured at temperatures ranging from about 300 K to 330 K, using a modification of the experimental tech- nique of laser monitoring observation system. So…     

谷胱甘肽在水-乙醇混合溶剂中的溶解度测定及关联

采用称质量法测定了283.15～313.05 K下谷胱甘肽在不同配比的水-乙醇混合溶剂中的溶解度。实验结果表明,谷胱甘肽的溶解度随乙醇摩尔分数的增加而下降,随温度的升高而逐渐增大。分别用Apelblat简化方程和λh方程对溶解度数据进行关联,结果表明两种模型方程的回归效果均令人满意。利用van’t Hoff方程估算得到谷胱甘肽在水-乙醇中的溶解焓和溶解熵。两者均随乙醇摩尔分数的增加而增大。谷胱甘肽溶解度的测定及关联为其工业结晶过程设计和工艺优化提供理论依据,对工业生产具有重要的指导作用。     

对叔丁基苯酚在盐水中溶解度的测定及关联

采用平衡法测定了温度在293.15~353.15 K时4-TBP在纯水、质量分数为5%、10%、15%和20%NaCl溶液中的溶解度。结果表明:4-TBP在这5种溶液中的溶解度均随温度的增高而增大,且其溶解度随NaCl溶液浓度的增加而减小。分别采用理想溶液模型、Apelblat模型和Yaws模型对溶解度数据进行了关联,总平均相对误差分别为2.08%、1.96%和2.00%。结果表明,理想溶液模型、Apelblat模型和Yaws模型均可以较好地关联4-TBP的溶解度数据,3种模型对含电解质的三元物系同样适用。     

LiBr在丙酮与水的混合溶剂中溶解度的测定与关联

使用静态法常压下分别测定了LiBr在不同质量百分比的丙酮与水的混合溶剂(水的质量分数为10％ ～40％)中293.15 ～323.15 K范围内的溶解度,并利用LIFAC模型及其参数推算了活度系数及溶解度,计算值与试验值的总平均绝对偏差和总平均相对偏差百分比分别是0.054 0和0.731 3％.结果表明,LIFAC模型可以用来预测LiBr在丙酮与水的混合溶剂中的溶解度.