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zgür Akta 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2001,76(12):1249-1259
The effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on the biotreatment of an industrial wastewater taken from a chemical plant synthesising drugs for the pharmaceutical sector was studied. Industrial and domestic wastewaters were combined at laboratory scale and the effect of PAC addition was tested in aerobic reactors. The aim of this addition was to decrease inhibitory and non‐biodegradable organics. Two different procedures were applied in testing the effectiveness of PAC. First, PAC was directly added to activated sludge mixed liquor. In the second case, industrial wastewater was first contacted with PAC and then treated biologically. In the evaluation of performance, COD measurements, oxygen uptake rate (OUR) measurements and measurements in the ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) spectra were taken into consideration. Both direct PAC addition and PAC pretreatment led finally to similar results. In both cases, the concentration of non‐biodegradable matter could be lowered. In particular, the colour of the wastewater was significantly reduced. Direct PAC addition appeared to be more practical and plausible. In any case, PAC addition to activated sludge increased the OUR of the sludge, indicating that inhibition could be decreased. The study also pointed out that in the assessment of PAC performance, the combined evaluation of OUR, spectral parameters and COD would be much more informative than the COD parameter alone. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Patricia S. Lawson Robert M. Sterritt John N. Lester 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1984,34(4):253-262
Differences were observed between the uptake of cadmium, copper, manganese and nickel by activated sludge biomass: their removal was studied when a range of metal concentrations was added to resuspended mixed liquor solids in the absence of possibly competitive organic ligands. The predominant mechanism of metal removal was passive uptake with some indication of binding site specificity for copper and possibly manganese. The data obtained were interpreted in the form of adsorption isotherms. The results were used to calculate conditional stability constants (K′) of the complexes formed, and the complexation capacity of the biomass for heavy metal uptake. Studies were conducted over a range of sludge ages from 3 to 12 days. Log10K′ values between 4.6 and 6.7 were found. However, there was no direct relationship between sludge age and K′. EDTA was used to desorb bound metal: this provided a means of differentiating between the surface complexes and the unexchangeable metal such as that taken up intracellularly. There was a difference in the adsorption affinity series of the metals when EDTA was present. This indicated that more than one mechanism for metal uptake was operating, and that the relative importance of physical and chemical absorption varied with each metal. 相似文献
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以微生物燃料电池技术资源化利用剩余污泥的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了剩余污泥存在的问题与剩余污泥资源化利用方法,重点介绍以微生物燃料电池技术资源化利用剩余污泥的研究进展,包括直接利用剩余污泥与间接利用剩余污泥为燃料的微生物燃料电池技术方面的最新研究进展。直接利用剩余污泥作为微生物燃料电池的燃料,介绍了该方法的产电输出功率密度、污泥中总化学需氧量(TCOD)等的去除情况、污泥的减量效果等;间接利用剩余污泥作为燃料,包括剩余污泥微波预处理上清液作为燃料与剩余污泥发酵产生的挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)作为燃料,这些微生物燃料电池技术都能有效地资源化利用剩余污泥,同时达到污泥减量的目的,该方法具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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某纺织企业印染车间产生的废水难生化降解且水质多变,采用新工艺“物化+厌氧/二级好氧”处理后,出水CODcr、BOD5、SS和色度分别小于65mg/L、17mg/L、50mg/L和40倍,达到纺织印染工业水污染排放标准(GB4287—92)中的一级标准,文章对该工艺特点、工艺控制、经济指标等进行了研究。 相似文献
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重金属对活性污泥微生物活性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本研究采用简单活性污泥法,使用对重金属中毒较为敏感的脱氢酶活性和更贴近活性污泥实际情况的耗氧速率作为活性污泥微生物中毒的评价指标,研究了铅、汞、铜、锌、铬(Ⅲ)五种重金属对活性污泥中微生物活性的影响。研究结果表明,五种重金属对活性污泥中微生物活性均有抑制作用,当重金属浓度达到45 mg/L时,五种重金属对活性污泥有机物降解能力的抑制率分别达到45.52%,50.44%,61.51%,27.94%,26.19%;对活性污泥脱氢酶活性抑制率分别达到62.49%,82.43%,79.17%,60.41%,62.39%。五种重金属对活性污泥的毒性大小为:铜汞铅铬锌。 相似文献
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生化法处理油脂化工废水 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)-序批式活性污泥(SBR)工艺处理油脂化工废水,运行结果表面,在进水ρ(CODCr)为4000~6000mg/L,ρ(BOD5)为2000—4000mg/L时,处理后出水ρ(CODCr)≤100mg/L,ρ(BOD5)≤20mg/L,该处理工艺具有剩余污泥少、不产生污泥膨胀等优点。 相似文献
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用久置污泥、好氧活性污泥、厌氧活性污泥对阳离子染料亚甲蓝进行吸附研究,考察了吸附平衡时间、吸附等温线、吸附动力学、pH、离子浓度.污泥量对吸附亚甲蓝的影响.结果表明,3种污泥对亚甲蓝都具有良好的吸附效果,好氧活性污泥对亚甲蓝的吸附等温式同时符合Langmuir和Freundlich方程,久置污泥和厌氧活性污泥对亚甲蓝的吸附更符合Freundlich 方程;3种污泥对亚甲蓝的吸附行为符合很2级反应动力学;pH<2时3种污泥对亚甲蓝的去除率偏低,久置污泥和好氧活性污泥在pH3~12、厌氧活性污泥在pH5~12对亚甲蓝的吸附性能稳定;10mg·L~(-4)的醋酸钠可以有效促进3种污泥对亚甲蓝的吸附,促进作用随着醋酸钠浓度的升高逐渐减弱,但高浓度的醋酸钠对亚甲蓝的吸附没有明显影响. 相似文献
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采用复合式生物膜反应器对化学合成类制药废水进行处理研究,试验内容包括反应系统的启动、运行及不同影响因素下的运行试验。结果表明,反应系统从启动到正式运行,COD去除率达到50%以上。在正式运行过程中,曝气量为0.36~0.52m3/h,溶解氧的质量浓度为5mg/L时,当进水COD的质量浓度为200~500mg/L时,最佳水力停留时间为6h,出水COD质量浓度可降低到180mg/L以下;当进水COD质量浓度为500~1700mg/L时,最佳水力停留时间为8h,COD去除率达到46%~72%。复合式生物膜反应器处理低浓度化学合成类制药废水时,出水水质可达到《化学合成类制药工业水污染物排放标准》(GB21904—2008)的排放要求。 相似文献
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EGSB-CASS工艺处理头孢类抗生素生产废水 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
头孢类抗生素的原料药和粉针制剂的生产废水属于高浓度的难生化降解的有机废水,其主要污染成分有甲醇、一甲胺、二甲胺、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)等.介绍了EGSB-CASS(厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床反应器·循环式活性污泥法)组合工艺在常温下处理制药废水的工程应用,运行结果表明:在10~30℃,进水COD为3 500~5 400 mg·L~(-3)的情况下,COD的去除率约为90%,EGSB的有机容积负荷可达1.6kg·m~(-3)·d~(-1),出水各项指标均达到污水综合排放标准(GB 8987-1996)生物制药行业二级排放标准. 相似文献
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结合目前有色冶金工业上普遍采用的石灰铁盐法工艺特点,首次采用改进的BCR连续提取法与毒性浸出实验相结合的方法对铜污泥(中和渣与铁砷渣污泥)的重金属形态分布与浸出毒性进行了系统的研究。结果表明:采用改进的BCR方法对铜冶炼污泥重金属元素形态进行提取,形态提取具有较高的回收率;As、Zn、Pb与Cd为中和渣与铁砷渣污泥中主要的重金属元素(质量含量As>Zn>Pb>Cd),其中中和渣含As高达58 566 mg/kg(折合5.85%),铁砷渣含As为12 582 mg/kg(折合1.26%);两种重金属形态分布差异主要体现在As的形态分布上,铁砷渣污泥中重金属稳定性较好,特别是砷的稳定性较中和渣高;中和渣污泥中,As主要以弱酸态形式存在(占68.01%),Zn、Pb与Cd主要以残渣态存在;铁砷渣污泥中,As、Zn、Pb与Cd主要以残渣态存在,其中残渣态As占59.21%;浸出毒性结果显示两种污泥中砷的浸出毒性都远远超过国标GB 5085.3-2007规定值,因此铜冶炼厂污泥属于含高砷危险废弃物,而以弱酸态As为主的中和渣污泥浸出毒性较高,而主要以残渣态As存在的铁砷渣污泥浸出毒性较低。 相似文献
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随着我国工业的发展,废水排放量增加,其中重金属污染已成为一个亟待解决的问题。对传统的处理废水重金属的方法如反渗透法、离子交换法进行了回顾,对各自的优缺点与操作条件进行了比较,综述近年来采用这些方法所取得的成就。着重介绍了新兴的生物方法包括活性污泥法、生物膜法处理废水中重金属的作用机制、操作优点及其应用前景。最后得出,虽然传统的物理化学方法已被广泛使用,但由于各有利弊,需要进一步改进,才能更好的应用于大规模生产。相比之下,大规模应用活性污泥及生物滤器从废水中回收有毒重金属将有极好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Ufuk Alkan Sddk Cindoruk Yücel Tademir Christopher Colby 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2002,77(10):1141-1148
The influence of an aerobic selector on biosorption of Cu and Cr(VI) by activated sludge was studied. In‐vitro batch adsorption tests were performed using sludge harvested from bench‐scale activated sludge systems. Metal biosorption by activated sludge was rapid with equilibrium usually reached within an hour. Adsorption behaviour closely followed a Freundlich isotherm model. Experimental data suggested that an aerobic selector increased the biosorption of the metal ions by activated sludge, confirming observations by others in a similar study but with different heavy metals. Freundlich isotherms indicated that the biosorption capacity of activated sludge was increased by 15% for Cu and 30% for Cr(VI). Activated sludge from both systems had a greater biosorption capacity for Cu than for Cr(VI). The effects of pH and sludge concentration were also investigated. The results indicate that these parameters may influence the biosorption characteristics of activated sludge. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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碱性印染废水的pH对活性污泥的影响及其控制 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
采用好氧活性污泥法处理高pH(9.10-12.59)的印染废水,以活性污泥有效负荷的变化反映活性污泥降解有机物能力的变化,以污泥沉比、污泥容积指数和出水悬浮物浓度的变化反映活性污泥絮凝性能的变化。试验条件下,进水pH≤10.5不会对活性污泥性能产生明显抑制;进水pH≥11.1、水力停留时间(HRT)<16h时,活性污泥性能受到抑制,污泥出现离散,通过延长HRT可以减轻或消除抑制;进水pH11.6,即使HRT达到24h,也不能消除抑制。通过调节进水pH,增大HRT等措施,控制混合液的pH小于9.4,则可避免因pH过高而导致的活性污泥抑制。得出因pH变化而导致的活性污泥离散模型,据此可判断污泥的活性及其变化趋势。 相似文献
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污泥负荷法和泥龄法是活性污泥工艺设计的主要计算方法,这2种设计方法偏于安全、保守,以经验为主,没有反映出活性污泥工艺中生物反应机理,缺少理论支持,适用范围窄,而数学模型法才是活性污泥法设计的发展趋势,利用数学模型进行活性污泥工艺设计可以有2种方法选用:试算法和优化法。 相似文献