共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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生物柴油的制备技术及应用现状 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
生物柴油是一种可再生、更洁净的新能源。详细介绍了酯交换反应制备生物柴油的化学催化法、酶催化法和超临界法,并综述了生物柴油在国、内外的生产应用现状。 相似文献
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通过正交试验得到制备生物柴油的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度25℃,催化剂用量2.1gKOH/200mL原料,反应物配比40mL甲醇/200mL原料,反应时间25min左右。制得的生物柴油的主要性能指标符合0#柴油标准(GB252-1994)。 相似文献
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生物燃料的发展现状及趋势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
叙述了世界生物燃料的发展现状、产量、市场形势以及消费情况,对生物乙醇及生物柴油的发展进行了分析,对生物化工发展的前景进行了探讨,并对我国发展生物燃料提出了建设性的建议。 相似文献
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介绍了欧盟国家、美国及亚洲等国家生物燃料的发展状况。指出可再生能源的开发热潮极大地推动了世界能源的快速发展,新的能源危机也为油脂化学工业的发展提供了前所未有的机遇。提出生物柴油的发展很大程度上取决于与石油产品的价格竞争,生物柴油产业的发展推动了种植业、油脂化学工业、表面活性剂工业及相关行业的发展。 相似文献
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巴西是全球主要的生物柴油生产国和出口国,也是甘蔗生产乙醇的主产国。生物柴油主要以大豆、棕榈、蓖麻、向日葵和玉米等生产的大量油料植物及动物脂肪为原料。对巴西几种重要的生物燃料的原料生产现状进行了综述。指出,未来生物柴油发展的主要目标为趋于高效、可再生、绿色环保以及废料和副产物的再生利用。 相似文献
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Sulaiman Al‐Zuhair 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2006,81(3):299-305
All the kinetic studies, found in the literature, on the production of biodiesel (fatty acids methyl esters) considered the esterifications of free fatty acids rather than the transesterification of the vegetable oil itself. The main industrial interest, however, is for the production of biodiesel with the triglyceride (oil) being the substrate. A mathematical model taking into account the mechanism of the methanolysis reaction starting from the vegetable oil as substrate, rather than the free fatty acids, has been developed. From the proposed model equation, the regions where the effect of alcohol inhibition fades, at different substrate concentrations, were identified. The proposed model equation can be used to predict the rate of methanolysis of vegetable oils in a batch or a continuous reactor and to determine the optimal conditions for biodiesel production. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Wax ester production from a long-chain alcohol and methyl ester has been investigated with an immobilized thermostable lipase
(lipozyme IM from Novo Nordisk). The transesterification reaction rate was monitored in solvent-free medium that was exclusively
composed of the reactants and the enzyme. The transesterification is performed by simply mixing the two substrates in various
stoichiometric amounts at a temperature range from 55 to 65°C under constant stirring in the presence of low concentrations
of enzyme preparation (0.12 to 2%, w/w). Long-chain reactants produce waxes of high molecular mass that induce low solubility
and high viscosity. On average, high transesterification yields are obtained (around 95%). Thermodynamic parameters involving
substrate concentration and temperature have also been investigated. The balance between optimal working temperature and the
molar ratio of substrates in such a complex medium appears to be 60°C, with a molar ratio methyl oleate/stearyl alcohol of
1:0.5. Substrate inhibition due to stearyl alcohol has been observed. A study of kinetic parameters has confirmed these results. 相似文献
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介绍了外资品牌在我国化妆品市场的发展现状,以及化妆品专卖店在中国内地市场发展遇到的瓶颈及进口化妆品面临的关税问题。 相似文献
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废餐饮油制备生物柴油研究现状与应用前景 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
介绍了利用废餐饮油制备生物柴油的研究现状与应用前景;叙述了酸催化、碱催化和酶催化的酯交换制备生物柴油工艺,以及每种工艺的优缺点.阐述了我国利用餐饮废油制取生物柴油的意义和利用餐饮废油制取生物柴油的商业化生产的可行性. 相似文献
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Development of steryl ester analysis for the detection of admixtures of vegetable oils 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Michael H. Gordon Luke A. D. Miller 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(5):505-510
The steryl ester content and composition of 28 samples from 10 vegetable oil types have been determined by isolation of the
steryl esters by high-performance liquid chromatography and analysis by gas chromatography. The oils can be classified into
oils with a high content (>4000 mg/kg) of steryl esters (corn and rapeseed); oils with a medium content (1400–2400 mg/kg)
of steryl esters (sunflower oil and high-oleic sunflower oil); and oils with a low content (<1200 mg/kg) of steryl esters
(safflower, soybean, cottonseed, groundnut, olive, and palm oils). The composition of the steryl ester fraction varies to
a greater extent for different oil types than for different varieties of the same oilseed. The developed method is promising
for authentication of some oils, and is particularly suitable for detecting admixtures of low levels of corn or rapeseed oils. 相似文献