中子活化分析法对洪古勒楞蛇绿岩中变质橄榄岩的地球化学研究

用预富集中子活化分析法测定了新疆洪古勒楞蛇绿岩中的稀土元素(REE)，用仪器中子活化法测定了微量元素。依据测定结果分析了微量的稀土元素和过渡金属元素及不相容元素地球化学特征。认为二辉橄榄岩X-49可能代表原始地幔的化学成分，方辉橄榄岩X-44可能为上地幔部分熔融后残留的地幔物质，纯橄榄岩X-55、X-57可能为镁铁质熔融体在上地幔内以堆晶作用形成的超镁铁质岩类。     

铜镍矿样中铂和钯的离子交换预富集中子活化分析研究

在铂族元素中子活化分析中,应用溶剂萃取和磺酸型阳离子交换树脂相结合的方法,分离富集铜镍矿样中铂、钯的化学前处理流程,并对与该流程结合的中子活化方法进行了概述。各项相关参数均表明该方法可用于铜镍矿样中的铂钯分析。     

辽宁—吉林东部地区超镁铁质岩包体的微量元素地球化学特征

发展了预浓集中子活化分析方法，结合仪器中子活化分析对辽宁－吉林东部地区新生代火山岩中尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的稀土元素（ＲＥＥ）及其他微量元素进行了测定。它们的过渡金属元素中不相容元素Ｔｉ以及适度相容元素Ｖ和Ｓｃ相对于原始地幔（ＰＭ）均具亏损的特征，而相容元素Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ和Ｃｒ含量略高或类似于ＰＭ，反映了它们应为经历了部分熔融后的残余地幔。依据ＲＥＥ特征尖晶石二辉橄榄岩可分为两类：第一类包体的ＲＥＥ含量     

中子活化分析法研究达拉布特蛇绿岩中超镁铁质岩的地球化学特征

用预浓集中子活化法测定了达拉布特蛇绿岩中超镁铁质岩中的稀土元素（REE），用仪器中子活化法测定了其中的过渡金属元素。依据测定结果分析了过渡金属及REE的地球化学特征。认为，二辉橄榄岩X12可能代表原始地幔的化学成分；二辉橄缆岩X10，X11和含矿的纯橄岩X17，方辉橄榄岩X18为上地幔经历了部分熔融后残留的地幔物质；不含矿的纯橄岩X8和异剥橄榄岩X7，X9为自镁铁质熔融体在上地幔内以堆晶作用形成的超镁铁质岩类。     

鉴别新核素^202Pt的化学分离方法的研究

提出了一个从大量汞和其它干扰元素中分离痕量铂的化学分离程序,且已成功地用于新核素~(202)Pt的鉴别。照射后的氧化汞靶溶于浓盐酸中,用乙醚多次萃取除去干扰元素铊,在萃取后的水相中加入饱和氯化铵溶液,用氯铂酸为载体,以氯铂酸铵沉淀载带核反应产生的痕量铂。分离过程中汞、金、铊的去污因子及铂的回收率均获得了令人满意的结果。     

辽宁－吉林东部地区超镁铁质岩包体的微量元素地球化学特征

发展了预浓集中子活化分析方法，结合仪器中子活化分析对辽宁—吉林东部地区新生代火山岩中尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的稀土元素（ＲＥＥ）及其他微量元素进行了测定。它们的过渡金属元素中不相容元素Ｔｉ以及适度相容元素Ｖ和Ｓｃ相对于原始地慢（ＰＭ）均具亏损的特征；而相容元素Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ和Ｃｒ含量略高或类似于ＰＭ，反映了它们应为经历了部分熔融后的残余地幔。依据ＲＥＥ特征尖晶石二辉橄榄岩可分为两类：第一类包体的ＲＥＥ含量和ＲＥＥ分配型式与ＰＭ相比呈现明显的亏损，提供了它们是残余地慢岩的又一证据。第二类包体的重稀土元素（ＨＲＥＥ）比前者低，但轻稀土元素（ＬＲＥＥ）比前者明显的高，揭示了它们在地幔源岩经历了部分熔融，使ＲＥＥ发生了亏损之后又遭受了ＬＲＥＥ富集，即地幔交代作用。     

地质样品的铂族元素中子活化分析研究

将镍锍试金法同高灵敏度的仪器中子活化分析相连接，建立了铂族元素的镍锍试金中子活化方法。完成了地质样品中６个μｇ．ｋｇ＾－＾１浓度的铂族元素准确测定，为铂族元素地球化学研究提供一种高灵敏度的分析方法。     

尖晶石－石榴石相转变过程中矿物的微量元素组成与分布特征

利用质子微探针和微束ＰＩＸＥ定量分析技术对山东梭罗树地慢橄榄岩中橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石、尖晶石和石榴石等矿物的微量元素组成与分布进行了研究。结果表明，不相容元素（Ｓｒ、Ｙ、Ｚｒ）主要富集于单斜辉石内，尖晶石则几乎富集质子探针所能检出的所有微量元素，而石榴石中微量元素含量最少。该研究表明，在矿物微区微量元素分布是十分不均匀的，推测可能受地幔交代过程中溶液的渗滤效应以及存在微粒包裹体的共同制约。     

灾变环境与铂族元素核分析技术

概述了由核分析技术测定铱在研究灾变环境中的应用,提出了白垩纪／第三纪生物绝灭事件的地外撞击理论,在灾变事件研究中铂族元素核分析技术亦得到了发展。     

火试金分析和电感耦合等离子体源质谱分析在测定地质物质中铂族元素应用的潜在性

本文描述了采用火试金和电感耦合等离子体源质谱分析(ICP-MS)测定地质物质中铂族元素的(PGEs)初步工作.用该方法测定了南非标准参考物质PTO-1(现称SARM-7)和加拿大标准参考物质PTC-1中的5种铂族元素和金. ICP-MS探测能力强,特别是对重元素。金的探测限为0.06ng ml~(-1)。该方法能最佳地探测PGEs.     

石油开发区块浅部地层放射性变化的监测

尝试提出将自然伽马能谱测井仪用于油田勘探开发区环境的辐射监测。在黄河入海口附近进行了四口井的浅部地层自然伽马能谱测井，初步研究结果表明，老黄河口浅层的Th含量比其他几口井的含量高；海水中的U含量较陆上浅层含量高；老油区的放射性比新探区高，说明石油开发对当地的生态环境是有一定的影响     

Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence analysis on altered mineral muscovite in gold deposit

Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) microprobe was used to ananlyse altered mineral muscovite and its surrounding feldspar in Yuerya gold deposit. The major, minor and trace elements of the two minerals were detected and analyzed. SRXRF analysis showed that the Yuerya muscovite had a complex chemical composition. containing K, Fe, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn and many trace or ultra-trace elements. Since muscovite resulted from the alteration of hydrothermal ore fluid acting on feldspar (plagioclase), the difference of chemical composition between the two minerals shows the components of ore fluid, which are characterized by the enrichment of alkaline and alkaline-earth metal elements K, Ca and ore-associated elements Fe, Cu, Zn. And gold. silver and platinum, invisible under microscope, were detected in some areas of muscovite but not found in feldspar. Especially platinum, a mantle material is rarely seen in the earth crust but now found in the gold deposit of magmatic sources; its appearance approves the idea of mantle flux participating in the gold mineralization, which suggests that the tectonic event controlling gold mineralization in the Yuerya district is a mantle phenomenon.     

TRACE ELEMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF ULTRAMAFIC INCLUSIONS IN THE EASTERN PART OF LIAONING-JILIN PROVINCES BY NAA

Cenozoic basalts in the eastern part of Liaoning-Jilin contain abundant mantle-derived inclusions. The rock types of the ultramafic inclusions are composed mostly of spinel lherzolite and a few websterites. In order to study the origin of inclusions, the concnetrations of several trace elements have been measured in samples by NAA. According to geochemical characteristics of trace elements, there are two types of spinel Iherzolite inclusions. The first type is refractory residues left after partial melting of the upper mantle and the second type is metasomatizing refractory residues. The websterites inclusions formed by segregation of basaltic melt derived from high degree of melting of mantle source rocks.     

Micro－PIXE analysis of trace element composition and their distribution in minerals of mantle peridotite

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Application of nuclear analytical techniques to trace elements in Cenozoic basalt and their mantle xenoliths from Aershan area in Inner Mongolia, China

Basaltic samples from different locations in Aershan area determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) have the same distribution patterns of REE and trace elements. The similar REE contents of the same minerals without inclusions from different xenolith suggest that the mantle source region under different active volcanoes have the same composition. The REE content differences between the same minerals with and without melt inclusions selected from the same mantle xenolith indicate that the melt inclusions are rich in REE. The same patterns of trace elements of inclusions and host minerals from different xenolith analyzed by SRXRF suggest that the mantle fluid has no notable heterogeneity in Aershan area.     

大青山地区中生代玄武质火山岩岩石地球化学特征

对满洲里地区大青山盆地中牛代玄武质火山岩类地球化学特征进行讨论,结合野外观察和前人资料,对其岩浆演化、成闪及成岩构造环境进行探讨,为下一步工作提供依据.分析可知,该区玄武质火山岩类岩浆源于富集不相容元素的富集地幔,后有壳源物质参与.是岩石罔伸展背景下早期流体交代岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融的产物.通过火山岩地球化学特征分析以及和邻区产铀火山岩特征类比可知,本区具备较好的火山热液型铀及多金属成矿的构造环境及火山岩浆演化系列.     

Effect of Platinum Group Elements on Denitration of High-Level Liquid Waste with Formic Acid

High-level liquid waste (HLW) from nuclear fuel reprocessing containing platinum group elements could be denitrated effectively with formic acid, and the solution indicated neutral even after the addition of excess formic acid. Platinum group elements, rhodium above all, were found to decompose formic acid and the action was more effective in the decomposition of excess formic acid in HLW. When HLW did not contain platinum group elements, both of unaltered nitric and formic acids remained after addition of stoichiometric amount of formic acid, leaving the solution slightly acidic. Excess formic acid in HLW not containing platinum metals was decomposed almost completely by irradiation with ⁶⁰Co γ-rays up to 2×10⁸R.     

快速测定磷尾矿中14个稀土元素

矿物中稀土元素的含量是研究矿物形成和发展的科学依据。 中子活化分析具有灵敏度高,多元素同时测定,无试剂空白等优点,已广泛用于地质样品中稀土元素的分析。 地质样品成份复杂,干扰元素多,用仪器中子活化分析直接测定全部稀土元素是困难的,故必须采用放化分离。目前报道化学分离测定稀土元素的文章很多,但一般分离步骤都很复杂,且耗费时间。本法是将辐照后的样品用混合酸溶解,加适量的掩蔽剂,在pH=2.5