认真贯彻十七大精神 全面落实科学发展观扎实推进水资源管理工作

同志们：举世瞩目的党的十七大刚刚胜利闭幕。水利部党组组织学习深入贯彻落实党的十七大精神，进一步明确了可持续发展治水思路，对新时期水利工作进行了总体部署，要求坚持以人为本，把解决民生问题放在更加突出的位置；坚持人与自然和谐，把促进生态文明建设放在更加突出的位置；坚持水资源可持续利用，把节约保护水资源放在更加突出的位置；坚持统筹兼顾，把推进水利协调发展放在更加突出的位置；坚持与时俱进，把水利改革创新放在更加突出的位置；坚持现代化方向，把推进水利现代化放在更加突出的位置。今天，我们在长沙召开全国水资源管理工作会议，贯彻党的十七大精神，落实部党组对水利工作的总体部署，研究安排新时期水资源管理工作。这次会议非常及时，十分重要。     

论述摘登

防治水患任何时候都不能松懈，兴修水利任何时候都不能松劲。 ——胡锦涛总书记1月24日在安徽视察淮河时说 一是坚持以人为本，把解决民生问题放在更加突出的位置。二是坚持人与自然和谐，把促进生态文明建设放在更加突出的位置。三是坚持水资源可持续利用，把节约保护水资源放在更加突出的位置。四是坚持统筹兼顾，把推进水利协调发展放在更加突出的位置。     

海南省：下大力气做好民生水利工作

2009年．海南省水务厅认真贯彻党的十七大和十七届三中、四中全会精神,以科学发展观统领水务工作,把民生水利问题放在更加突出的位置,下大力气抓好农田水利基本建设、城镇供水及农村饮水安全、病险水库除险加固等民生水利工作,取得显著成效。     

优化配置水资源促进西北地区社会经济可持续发展

党中央、国务院高度重视西部大开发中的水资源问题。江泽民总书记从西部大开发一开始就高瞻远瞩地提出:西部大开发尤其要把水资源合理开发和有效利用放在突出的位置。朱镕基总理在西部地区开发会议上指出:水资源短缺是西部地区的一个严重问题。没有水,人民生活和经济发展都会有很大困难,必须坚持把水资源合理开发和节约利用放在十分突出的     

水利全面快速发展 规划目标基本完成

可持续发展治水思路进一步丰富。科学发展观得到深入贯彻落实 “十一五”时期．水利系统上下深入贯彻落实科学发展观．可持续发展治水思路不断丰富和完善，加快了传统水利向现代水利发展的进程。坚持以人为本，把解决民生问题放在更加突出的位置；坚持统筹兼顾，把推进水利协调发展放在更加突出的位置；坚持人与自然和谐，     

强化管理和谐发展让健康长江造福人民

2007年，是长江水利委员会各项工作重点突破、整体推进、亮点频现、特色鲜明的一年，是治江事业实现新的发展和跨越的一年。党的十七大描绘的全面建设小康社会蓝图赋予了治江工作新的战略机遇，党和国家把长江治理开发和保护工作放在了更加突出的位置。经济社会的持续快速发展为加快治江事业发展创造了有利条件，     

以节水减排助推企业经济发展

党的十七大明确提出深入贯彻落实科学发展观,继续解放思想,坚持改革开放,推动科学发展,把建设资源节约型、友好型社会放在工业化、现代化发展战略的突出位置。依托国家宏观节能减排政策的引导,中石化河南油田不断加强现代企业的科学管理。建立健全各项生产管理制度和节能降耗措施,多年来在省、市水行政部门的管理和支持下,逐步优化水资源配置,各项取用水管理工作由粗放转向集约,很好地实现了油田经济的可持续发展。     

水利建设中的景观设计探讨

<正>一、水利建设中景观建设的发展要求随着党的十八大把生态文明建设放在更加突出的位置,水利工程建设已不再是单纯的防洪减灾和兴利,而是有了更高层次的要求,如水环境     

《加快推进水利信息化资源整合与共享指导意见》解读

为进一步贯彻党的十七大精神,深入践行科学发展观,落实水利部党组"坚持现代化方向,把以水利信息化促进水利现代化放在更加突出的位置"的思路,优化配置水利信息化资源,充分发挥现有资源的作用和效能,积极构建与现代水利相适应的水利信息化综合体系,促进水利信息化健康、协调、可持续发展,近期,水利部印发了<加快推进水利信息化资源整合与共享指导意见>(以下简称<指导意见>).<指导意见>就充分认识水利信息化资源整合与共享的重要性和紧迫性、水利信息化资源整合与共享的指导思想和基本原则、基本任务、保障措施等四个方面提出了指导性意见,并要求各单位、各部门提高认识,统一规划,结合实际,制定方案,落实措施.     

严格水资源管理 促进生态文明建设

党的十八大报告,把生态文明建设放在了突出地位。生态文明离不开水资源的支撑,实行最严格水资源管理制度是生态文明建设的重要内容。我省随着建设＂经济强省、和谐河北＂重大战略任务的实施,水资源保障压力、水环境承载压力越来越大,迫切需要实行最严格水资源管理制度。通过学习党的十八大报告,使我们更加清醒地认识到肩负的使命和责任。我省地处环京津都市圈和环渤海经济圈,是中国经济的第三增长极,蕴藏着巨大的经济社会发展潜力。但生态环境脆弱、水资源     

长江中游四大家鱼发江生态水文因子分析及生态水文目标确定

基于长江中游四大家鱼发江量历次调查数据,采用宜昌站作为长江中游水文情势变化分析的控制站,基于其1900~2004年共105年的日径流资料,采用每年5~6月涨水过程数、总涨水日数、平均每次涨水过程日数等3项生态水文指标,分析了四大家鱼发江量与3项生态水文因子的变化关系,认为产卵场所处江段每年5~6月的总涨水日数是决定家鱼苗发江量多寡的一个重要环境因子。根据IHA方法,对宜昌站105年来的生态水文指标分析表明,长江宜昌站生态水文过程的改变并不明显,5~6月总涨水日数变化趋势不显著,显示长江中游影响四大家鱼苗发江量的生态流量过程改变不明显,与前人得出的葛洲坝枢纽修建后四大家鱼的产卵条件和卵苗江汛规律没有变化这一认识一致。但是,随着三峡水库的运行,下游河道的生态环境流量过程会有较大改变,本文建议三峡水库的调控以保障长江中游每年5~6月的总涨水日数维持在22.1±7.2范围内为生态水文目标,即可从生态环境流量过程方面补偿水利工程对中游四大家鱼鱼苗发江量的影响。     

Seminar on Water and Energy,Stockholm, Sweden,August 21, 2005

Abstract

In Europe the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) will have major implications for water resources management. Part of the Directive requires Member States to implement a comprehensive system of controls (licences) on the allocation and abstraction (withdrawal) of surface and groundwater resources. This paper describes the development of a procedure to help assess and set abstraction licences for agricultural irrigation. The methodology is described with reference to Scotland, a country with limited abstraction control previously and where irrigation is supplemental to rainfall. The methodology combines spatial climatic information using a Geographical Information System (GIS) with data derived from a water balance computer model. The procedure enables the volumetric irrigation demand in a ‘design’ dry year for a given site to be estimated, taking into account local variations in climate, soil type, land use and irrigation practices. The approach provides a scientifically robust framework to allow the regulatory authority to assess the ‘reasonable’ water requirements of individual irrigators and hence develop allocations to satisfy the range of competing demands (e.g. agriculture, industry, and environment) on water resources. The methodology is applicable in other temperate countries where water abstraction controls are required and where appropriate datasets are available. The application of the procedure and its methodological limitations are described.     

Stakeholder-driven,enquiry-driven,or stakeholder-relevant,enquiry-driven science?

There is currently debate within the international hydrological community on whether hydrological science should give priority to providing measurements, knowledge, and understanding pre-determined as being needed by stakeholders, or priority to more basic enquiry-driven science that will stimulate the continued health and growth of hydrology as an important Earth science discipline. Two recent major international initiatives in hydrology reflect these two perspectives. One, the Hydrology for the Environment, Life, and Policy (HELP) program, is primarily fostered by UNESCO-IHP and is focused on stimulating the stakeholder-driven hydrological science required in specific catchments that have become members of a global network. The second, the decade on Prediction in Ungauged Basins (PUB), which is appropriately managed by IAHS, is primarily driven by scientific enquiry and is focused on creating new scientific methods and understanding, albeit with practical application ultimately in mind. This paper summarizes the nature, origins, growth, and progress of these two international programs but also describes the subtly different approach that has been adopted by the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF's) Center for Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA). NSF is a federal agency whose primary goal is to ‘enable the future’ by stimulating novel science. Because SAHRA is a federally-funded entity supported by an agency with this goal, the Center clearly cannot operate in stakeholder-driven, response mode in competition with the already effective private U.S. consultancy industry. Nonetheless, SAHRA's mission is to create knowledge and build understanding that will enhance the prospects of sustainable water management in semi-arid regions, especially the southwestern U.S. To resolve this apparent conflict, SAHRA looks ahead to future stakeholder needs and builds its research agenda around selected critical stakeholder-relevant questions that require substantial and sustained investment in basic, multidisciplinary, enquiry-driven science. This paper describes SAHRA's approach and reports on associated research and outreach activities.     

Growth,Reproduction, Mortality,Distribution, and Biomass of Freshwater Drum in Lake Erie

Predominant age-groups in the Lake Erie freshwater drum Aplodinotus grunniens population were 3, 4, and 5 as determined from gill net, trap net, bottom trawl, and midwater trawl samples. Age and growth calculations indicated that females grew faster than males. However, the length-weight relation did not differ between sexes and was described by the equation: log W = ?5.4383 + 3.1987 log L. Some males became sexually mature at age 2 and all were mature by age 6. Females matured 1 year later than males. Three sizes of eggs were present in ovaries; the average total number was 127,000 per female for 20 females over a length range of 270 to 478 mm. Seasonal analysis of the ovary-body weight ratio indicated that spawning extended from June to August. A total annual mortality rate of 49% for drum aged 4 through 11 was derived from catch-curve analysis. Freshwater drum were widely distributed throughout Lake Erie in 1977–1979, the greatest concentration being in the western basin. They moved into warm, shallow water (less than 10 m deep) during summer, and returned to deeper water in late fall. Summer biomass estimates for the western basin, based on systematic surveys with bottom trawls, were 9,545 t in 1977 and 2,333 t in 1978.     

Survival,Growth, and Movement of Subadult Humpback Chub,Gila Cypha,in the Little Colorado River,Arizona

Ecologists estimate vital rates, such as growth and survival, to better understand population dynamics and identify sensitive life history parameters for species or populations of concern. Here, we assess spatiotemporal variation in growth, movement, density, and survival of subadult humpback chub living in the Little Colorado River, Grand Canyon, AZ from 2001–2002 and 2009–2013. We divided the Little Colorado River into three reaches and used a multistate mark‐recapture model to determine rates of movement and differences in survival and density between sites for different cohorts. Additionally, site‐specific and year‐specific effects on growth were evaluated using a linear model. Results indicate that summer growth was higher for upstream sites compared with downstream sites. In contrast, there was not a consistent spatial pattern across years in winter growth; however, river‐wide winter growth was negatively related to the duration of floods from 1 October to 15 May. Apparent survival was estimated to be lower at the most downstream site compared with the upstream sites; however, this could be because in part of increased emigration into the Colorado River at downstream sites. Furthermore, the 2010 cohort (i.e. fish that are age 1 in 2010) exhibited high apparent survival relative to other years. Movement between reaches varied with year, and some years exhibited preferential upstream displacement. Improving understanding of spatiotemporal effects on age 1 humpback chub survival can help inform current management efforts to translocate humpback chub into new locations and give us a better understanding of the factors that may limit this tributary's carrying capacity for humpback chub. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.     

水-能源-粮食纽带关系定量研究方法综述

在总结水-能源-粮食纽带关系研究中, 使用频率较高或潜力较大的 8 种水-能源-粮食纽带关系定量研究方法为: 水-能源-粮食纽带关系工具 2.0( WEF Nexus Tool 2.0) ; 生命周期评价( LCA) ; 可计算的一般均衡模型( CGE) ; 系统动力学模型( SD) ; 气候、土地、能源与水资源策略( CLEWS) ; 基于社会生态系统代谢的多尺度综合评价( MuSIASEM ) ; 市场配置/ 市场配置系统集成模型( MARKAL/ TIMES) 和水资源评价规划模型-长期能源替代规划系统 ( WEAP2LEAP) 。通过总结各研究方法的产生、发展及特性, 并引用案例讨论其适用范围, 分析其优缺点和在使用 时需要注意的问题。在此基础上, 对未来水2能源2粮食纽带关系定量研究方法的发展趋势进行讨论, 认为伴随可持 续发展问题关注度的上升与水-能源-粮食纽带关系内在机理的挖掘, 未来的水-能源-粮食纽带关系定量研究方法将 更加注重量化的精确性和数据的互通以及跨学科研究和多方法的耦合。本文可为水-能源-粮食纽带关系定量研究方法的选择和更新优化提供参考。